karma
See also: Karma
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), first attested in English in 1827.
Pronunciation
- enPR: kärʹ-mə, IPA(key): /ˈkɑɹmə/
- (UK) IPA(key): [ˈkɑː.mə]
- (US) IPA(key): [ˈkɑɹ.mə]
- (Indian English) IPA(key): [ˈkəɾm(ə)]
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)mə
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Noun
karma (countable and uncountable, plural karmas)
- (Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.
- A force or law of nature which causes one to reap what one sows; destiny; fate.
- (uncommon) A distinctive feeling, aura, or atmosphere.
- 2001, Inside the Hits, page 307:
- That means everything from lighting to the vibes, the karma of the room.
- 2006, Chase Sargent, From Buddy to Boss, page 219:
- How many times when you have been in a bar have you felt that a confrontation was building up, even without extensive verbal exchanges? Sometimes you can feel the karma or energy of a place change, and you should not ignore that
- 2010, R.L. Roach, Irish Lie, page 135:
- On the way to Lancaster, which was about an hour and a half from Philly, John felt the karma.
- 2001, Inside the Hits, page 307:
- (Internet) A score assigned to a user of a discussion forum, indicating the popularity of their posts with other users.
Derived terms
- duskarma
- karmic
- instant karma
Translations
the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence
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destiny, fate
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑr.mɑ/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: kar‧ma
- Rhymes: -ɑrmɑ
Esperanto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkarma/
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Finnish
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”). Appears as headword on p. 341 of the Pieni Tietosanakirja ("Little Encyclopedia") from 1925-28, published by Otava, Helsinki.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑrmɑ/, [ˈkɑrmɑ]
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Declension
Inflection of karma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | karma | karmat | |
genitive | karman | karmojen | |
partitive | karmaa | karmoja | |
illative | karmaan | karmoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | karma | karmat | |
accusative | nom. | karma | karmat |
gen. | karman | ||
genitive | karman | karmojen karmainrare | |
partitive | karmaa | karmoja | |
inessive | karmassa | karmoissa | |
elative | karmasta | karmoista | |
illative | karmaan | karmoihin | |
adessive | karmalla | karmoilla | |
ablative | karmalta | karmoilta | |
allative | karmalle | karmoille | |
essive | karmana | karmoina | |
translative | karmaksi | karmoiksi | |
instructive | — | karmoin | |
abessive | karmatta | karmoitta | |
comitative | — | karmoineen |
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɒrmɒ]
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | karma | — |
accusative | karmát | — |
dative | karmának | — |
instrumental | karmával | — |
causal-final | karmáért | — |
translative | karmává | — |
terminative | karmáig | — |
essive-formal | karmaként | — |
essive-modal | karmául | — |
inessive | karmában | — |
superessive | karmán | — |
adessive | karmánál | — |
illative | karmába | — |
sublative | karmára | — |
allative | karmához | — |
elative | karmából | — |
delative | karmáról | — |
ablative | karmától | — |
Declension
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | karma | karmák |
accusative | karmát | karmákat |
dative | karmának | karmáknak |
instrumental | karmával | karmákkal |
causal-final | karmáért | karmákért |
translative | karmává | karmákká |
terminative | karmáig | karmákig |
essive-formal | karmaként | karmákként |
essive-modal | karmául | — |
inessive | karmában | karmákban |
superessive | karmán | karmákon |
adessive | karmánál | karmáknál |
illative | karmába | karmákba |
sublative | karmára | karmákra |
allative | karmához | karmákhoz |
elative | karmából | karmákból |
delative | karmáról | karmákról |
ablative | karmától | karmáktól |
Derived terms
- karmikus
References
- Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman, “act, action, performance”), from the root कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer- (“to do, make, build”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkar.ma/, [ˈkär̺mä]
- Rhymes: -arma
- Stress: kàrma
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkar.ma/
(file)
Usage notes
The term karma is used for pets, whereas pasza is used for other domesticated animals such as livestock or poultry.
Declension
Synonyms
Declension
Synonyms
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kârma/
- Hyphenation: kar‧ma
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkarma/
Related terms
Further reading
- “karma” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
Turkish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kaɾˈma/
Declension
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | karma | |
Definite accusative | karmayı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | karma | karmalar |
Definite accusative | karmayı | karmaları |
Dative | karmaya | karmalara |
Locative | karmada | karmalarda |
Ablative | karmadan | karmalardan |
Genitive | karmanın | karmaların |
Adjective
karma (comparative daha karma, superlative en karma)
- mixed
- karma eğitim ― mixed education (coeducation)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaɾ.ma/
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkaɾ.ma/
Declension
Inflection | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | karma | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | karmayı | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | karma | karmalar | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | karmayı | karmaları | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | karmaya | karmalara | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | karmada | karmalarda | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | karmadan | karmalardan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | karmanın | karmaların | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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