狻猊

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (狻猊)		狻	猊
variant forms		狻麑尊耳騶吾／驺吾騶虞／驺虞騶牙／驺牙狻麑尊耳騶吾／驺吾騶虞／驺虞騶牙／驺牙酋耳

Etymology

An imported word from the Western Regions, derived from a word in a source language meaning “lion”.

The use of 狻猊 (OC *swar ŋe) possibly predates that of 獅 (OC *sri, “lion”). Compare Proto-Indo-Iranian *sinĵʰás (“lion”), Proto-Iranian *sarg-, whence Khotanese sarau. Bailey (1979):

Sogdian of the Buddhist texts šrγω, gen. sing. šrγωy. Sogdian of the Manichean texts šrωγ, Middle Parthian of Turfan šgr, šgr-z‘dg (“cub of lion”). Middle Persian šgr ... Here sarau is from *sarāva- but, since -g- is absent in mura- 'bird' < mr̥ga-, it would be possible to trace sarau to [Proto-Iranian] *sargāva- and so to base sar-g-, as for Sogdian and M.Parthian.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): suānní

(Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄢㄋㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): syun¹ ngai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: suānní
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄢㄋㄧˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suanni
  - IPA ^(key): /su̯än⁵⁵ ni³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: syun¹ ngai⁴
  - Yale: syūn ngàih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: syn¹ ngai⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xun¹ ngei⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /ʃyːn⁵⁵ ŋɐi̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: /suɑn ŋei/▼

Rime
Character	狻	猊
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	IV
Fanqie	素官切	五稽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suɑn/	/ŋei/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷɑn/	/ŋei/
Shao Rongfen	/suɑn/	/ŋɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swan/	/ŋɛj/
Li Rong	/suɑn/	/ŋei/
Wang Li	/suɑn/	/ŋiei/
Bernard Karlgren	/suɑn/	/ŋiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	suān	yí

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*sloːn ŋeː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	狻	猊
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	16435	2744
Phonetic component	允	兒
Rime group	元	支
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	酸	倪
Old Chinese	/*sloːn/	/*ŋeː/

Noun

狻猊

(archaic) lion
(Chinese mythology) mythological creature which is said to be a hybrid of lion and dragon, likes to sit down and is one of the nine sons of the dragon

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