痛苦

See also: 苦痛

Chinese

		ache; pain; sorrow	bitter; intensely; miserable bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
trad. (痛苦)		痛	苦
simp. ^#(痛苦)		痛	苦
anagram		苦痛

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tòngkǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄥˋ ㄎㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tung³ fu²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thung-khú
Min Nan (POJ): thòng-khó͘

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tòngkǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˋ ㄎㄨˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tonqkuu
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ⁵¹ kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tung³ fu²
  - Yale: tung fú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tung³ fu²
  - Guangdong Romanization: tung³ fu²
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰʊŋ³³ fuː³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thung-khú
  - Hakka Romanization System: tung ku`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: tung⁴ ku³
  - IPA: /tʰuŋ⁵⁵ kʰu³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thòng-khó͘
  - Tâi-lô: thòng-khóo
  - Phofsit Daibuun: torngqor
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tʰɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰɔ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰɔ⁴¹/

Adjective

痛苦

painful (in the body or mind); sore; aching; excruciating
減少痛苦 / 减少痛苦 ― jiǎnshǎo tòngkǔ ― to reduce suffering

發出痛苦的呻吟 / 发出痛苦的呻吟 ― fāchū tòngkǔ de shēnyín ― to moan in pain

這一群不食人間煙火的人，根本不知道別人的實際痛苦！ [MSC, trad.]
这一群不食人间烟火的人，根本不知道别人的实际痛苦！ [MSC, simp.]
Zhè yī qún bùshírénjiānyānhuǒ de rén, gēnběn bù zhīdào biérén de shíjì tòngkǔ! [Pinyin]
These people who are out of touch with reality just don't understand the real suffering of others!
(figuratively, of a lesson, etc.) profound; bitter

Synonyms

(painful): 痛楚 (tòngchǔ)

Related terms

難受／难受 (nánshòu)

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