礫

See also: 砾
礫 U+792B, 礫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-792B
← 礪
[U+792A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 礬 →
[U+792C]

Translingual
Traditional 礫
Shinjitai
(extended)		 䃯
Simplified 砾

Han character

礫 (radical 112, 石+15, 20 strokes, cangjie input 一口女戈木 (MRVID), four-corner 12694, composition ⿰石樂)

References
  • KangXi: page 838, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24572
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1255, character 26
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2463, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+792B

Chinese
trad. 礫
simp. 砾

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (樂) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
樂 *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ
轢 *raːd, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ
濼 *pqʰlaːwɢ, *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ, *pqʰloːwɢ, *roːwɢ, *roːwɢ
躒 *raːwɢ, *reːwɢ
擽 *rawɢ, *reːwɢ
爍 *qʰljawɢ
鑠 *qʰljawɢ
藥 *lawɢ
櫟 *lawɢ, *reːwɢ
纅 *lawɢ
礫 *reːwɢ
瓅 *reːwɢ
皪 *reːwɢ
觻 *reːwɢ, *roːwɢ
嚛 *qʰloːwɢ, *qʰloːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *reːwɢ) : semantic 石 (“stone”) + phonetic 樂 (OC *ŋraːwɢs, *raːwɢ, *ŋraːwɢ)

Pronunciation 1
Rime
Character 礫
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 錫 (127)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 郎擊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lek̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /lek̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lɛk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɛjk̚/
Li
Rong		 /lek̚/
Wang
Li		 /liek̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /liek̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lì
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 礫
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 lì
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ lek ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ˁewk/
English pebbles

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 礫
Reading # 1/1
No. 7685
Phonetic
component		 樂
Rime
group		 藥
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 靂
Old
Chinese		 /*reːwɢ/

Definitions

礫

  1. gravel; pebbles; potsherds

Compounds
  • 砂礫礦床／砂砾矿床
  • 磧礫／碛砾
  • 礫岩／砾岩 (lìyán)
  • 礫石／砾石 (lìshí)
  • 礫耕栽培／砾耕栽培
  • 角礫岩／角砾岩 (jiǎolìyán)
  • 飛沙揚礫／飞沙扬砾
  • 飛沙走礫／飞沙走砾
  • 飛砂揚礫／飞砂扬砾
  • 飛礫／飞砾

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

礫

  1. Only used in 卓礫／卓砾.

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

礫

  1. ‡ Appearance of white stones/rocks.
    • Jiyun (集韻): 礫，白石皃。

References

Japanese

Shinjitai

 䃯

Kyūjitai

 礫

Kanji
礫

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 䃯)

  1. pebble, stone

Readings
  • Go-on: りゃく (ryaku)
  • Kan-on: れき (reki)
  • Kun: こいし (koishi, 礫); つぶて (tsubute, 礫)

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
礫
れき
Hyōgaiji
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 礫 (MC lek̚).

Pronunciation

Noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana れき, rōmaji reki)

  1. a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
    Synonyms: 石塊 (ishikoro), 小石 (koishi)
  2. gravel

Derived terms
  • 礫耕 (れきこう)栽培 (さいばい) (rekikōsaibai)
  • 礫 (れき)砂 (さ)漠 (ばく) (reki sabaku)
  • 火 (か)山 (ざん)礫 (れき) (kazan reki)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
礫
つぶて
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms
  • 飛礫

Pronunciation

Noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana つぶて, rōmaji tsubute)

  1. a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
    Synonym: 小石 (koishi)
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 石 (いし)礫 (つぶて) (ishitsubute)
  • 紙 (かみ)礫 (つぶて) (kamitsubute)
  • 雁 (がん)礫 (つぶて) (gantsubute)
  • 空 (そら)礫 (つぶて) (soratsubute)
  • 天 (てん)狗 (ぐ)礫 (つぶて) (tengutsubute)
  • 梨 (なし)の礫 (つぶて) (nashi no tsubute)
  • 梨 (なし)も礫 (つぶて)も打 (う)たぬ (nashi mo tsubute mo utanu)
  • 人 (ひと)礫 (つぶて) (hitotsubute)
  • 向 (む)かい礫 (つぶて) (mukaitsubute)
  • 雪 (ゆき)礫 (つぶて) (yukitsubute)
Proverbs
  • 暗 (あん)夜 (や)の礫 (つぶて) (an'ya no tsubute)
  • 闇 (やみ)の夜 (よ)の礫 (つぶて) (yami no yo no tsubute), 闇 (やみ)夜 (よ)の礫 (つぶて) (yamiyo no tsubute)

Proper noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana つぶて, rōmaji Tsubute)

  1. a place name

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
礫
たぶて
Hyōgaiji
Irregular

From Old Japanese.

Possibly an apophonic form of or a shift from tsubute above.

Noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana たぶて, rōmaji tabute)

  1. (obsolete) a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 8, poem 1522), text here
      多 (た)夫 (ぶ)手 (て)二 (に)毛 (も)投越 (なげこし)都 (つ)倍 (べ)吉 (き)天漢 (あまのがは)敝 (へ)太 (だ)而 (て)礼 (れ)婆 (ば)可 (か)母 (も)安 (あ)麻 (ま)多 (た)須 (す)辨 (べ)奈 (な)吉 (き) [Man'yōgana]
      たぶてにも投 (な)げ越 (こ)しつべき天 (あま)の川隔 (がはへだ)てればかもあまたすべなき [Modern spelling]
      tabute ni mo nagekoshitsu beki Ama-no-gawa hedatereba ka mo amata subenaki
      (please add an English translation of this example)

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
礫
こいし
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana こいし, rōmaji koishi)

  1. Alternative spelling of 小石 (koishi): a small stone or pebble

Etymology 5
Kanji in this term
礫
たびいし
Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Noun

礫 (kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai kanji 䃯, hiragana たびいし, rōmaji tabiishi)

  1. a small stone or pebble, especially one used for throwing
Derived terms
  • 礫瓦 (たびしかわら) (tabishikawara)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

礫 • (ryeok>yeok) (hangeul 력>역, revised ryeok>yeok, McCune–Reischauer ryŏk>yŏk, Yale lyek>yek)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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