荏

荏	U+834F, 荏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-834F

← 荎
[U+834E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

荐 →
[U+8350]

Translingual

Han character

荏 (radical 140, 艸+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 廿人竹土 (TOHG), four-corner 4421₄, composition ⿱艹任)

References

KangXi: page 1031, character 5

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30950

Dae Jaweon: page 1490, character 5

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3206, character 4

Unihan data for U+834F

Chinese

trad.		荏
simp. ^#		荏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (壬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
紝	nɯm, njɯm, *njɯms
鵀	nɯm, njɯm, *njɯms
拰	*nɯmʔ
賃	*nɯms
任	njɯm, njɯms
壬	l̥ʰeːŋʔ, njɯm
恁	njɯm, njɯmʔ
銋	njɯm, njɯmʔ
荏	*njɯmʔ
餁	*njɯmʔ
栠	*njɯmʔ
袵	*njɯmʔ
飪	*njɯmʔ
妊	*njɯms
衽	*njɯms

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *njɯmʔ) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 任 (OC *njɯm, *njɯms).

Etymology

“a kind of big bean”: Cognate with Burmese ညံ (nyam, “the legume Sesbania cannabina”) (Schuessler, 2007).

“soft; weak”: From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *njam (“soft”). Cognate with Burmese ညံ့ (nyam., “soft”), Mizo nêm (“soft”). Outside Sino-Tibetan, compare Thai นุ่ม (nûm, “soft”).; Possibly related to 飪 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked”), 腍 (OC *njɯmʔ, “cooked; delicious”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): rěn (ren³)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jam⁵, jam⁶, jam³
Min Dong (BUC): īng
Min Nan (POJ): lám
Wu (Wiktionary): zen (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: rěn
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˇ
  - Wade–Giles: jên³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: reen
  - Tongyong Pinyin: rěn
  - IPA ^(key): /ʐən²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jam⁵, jam⁶, jam³
  - Yale: yáhm, yahm, yam
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jam⁵, jam⁶, jam³
  - Guangdong Romanization: yem⁵, yem⁶, yem³
  - IPA ^(key): /jɐm¹³/, /jɐm²²/, /jɐm³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: īng
  - IPA ^(key): /iŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lám
  - Tâi-lô: lám
  - Phofsit Daibuun: larm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lam⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lam⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lam⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lam⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam⁴¹/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: zen (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /z̻əɲ²³/

Middle Chinese: /ȵiɪm^X/▼

Rime
Character	荏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	侵 (139)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	如甚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ȵiɪm^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ȵim^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȵʑjem^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ȵim^X/
Li Rong	/ȵiəm^X/
Wang Li	/ȵʑĭĕm^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȵʑi̯əm^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	rěn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*n[ə]mʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*njɯmʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rěn
Middle Chinese	‹ nyim^X ›
Old Chinese	/n[ə]mʔ/ (< num?)
English	a kind of big beans
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荏
Reading #	1/1
No.	10814
Phonetic component	壬
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	荏
Old Chinese	/*njɯmʔ/

Definitions

荏

Compounds

內荏／内荏
外厲內荏／外厉内荏
色厲內荏／色厉内荏

苒荏 (rǎnrěn)
荏弱
荏染

荏苒 (rěnrǎn)
韶光荏苒
風塵荏苒／风尘荏苒

Japanese

Kanji

荏

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: にん (nin)

Kan-on: じん (jin)

Kun: え (e)

Korean

Hanja

荏 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

荏 (nhẫm)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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