馮

See also: 冯

馮	U+99AE, 馮 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-99AE

← 馭
[U+99AD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

馯 →
[U+99AF]

Translingual

Han character

馮 (radical 187, 馬+2, 12 strokes, cangjie input 戈一尸手火 (IMSQF), four-corner 3112₇, composition ⿰冫馬)

Derived characters

i, 𪅯, 凴, 憑, 㵗, 𠘔, 𥂳, 𮙢

Related characters

冯 (Simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 1433, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44579
Dae Jaweon: page 1958, character 5
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4540, character 3
Unihan data for U+99AE

Chinese

trad.		馮
simp.		冯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 馮
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (仌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
冫	*prɯŋ
冰	pŋrɯŋ, ŋrɯŋ
砅	pʰrɯŋ, rads
馮	brɯŋ, bɯŋ
憑	*bɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *brɯŋ, *bɯŋ) : phonetic 仌 (OC *pŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋ) + semantic 馬 (“horse”).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): féng (feng²)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung⁴
Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): pung²
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pâng / hông

(Teochew, Peng'im): bang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: féng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: fêng²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ferng
  - IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fung⁴
  - Yale: fùhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: pung²
  - IPA: /pʰʊŋ¹¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâng
  - Tâi-lô: pâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: paang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /paŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /paŋ²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /paŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hông
  - Tâi-lô: hông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoong
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /hɔŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔŋ¹³/

Note:

pâng - vernacular;
hông - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pâng
  - IPA ^(key): /paŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /bɨuŋ/▼

Rime
Character	馮
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	房戎切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/biuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/biuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buwŋ/
Li Rong	/biuŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	féng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[Cə.b]əŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*bɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	馮
Reading #	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	píng
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*[Cə.b]əŋ/
English	Féng (surname)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	馮
Reading #	2/2
No.	861
Phonetic component	仌
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	馮
Old Chinese	/*bɯŋ/

Definitions

馮

a place near modern Luoyang
A surname.

Compounds

再作馮婦／再作冯妇 (zàizuòféngfù)
又作馮婦／又作冯妇
重作馮婦／重作冯妇

馮·卡門／冯·卡门 (Féng Kǎmén)
馮唐易老／冯唐易老

馮坪／冯坪 (Féngpíng)
馮婦／冯妇

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): píng (ping²)

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: píng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ
  - Wade–Giles: p'ing²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pyng
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /bɨŋ/▼

Rime
Character	馮
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	蒸 (133)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶冰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/bɨŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/bieŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biŋ/
Li Rong	/biəŋ/
Wang Li	/bĭəŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱi̯əŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	píng

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]rəŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*brɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	馮	馮
Reading #	1/3	2/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	píng	píng
Middle Chinese	‹ bing ›	‹ bing ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]rəŋ/	/*[b]rəŋ/
English	full, solid	lean on
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	馮
Reading #	1/2
No.	858
Phonetic component	仌
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	凭
Old Chinese	/*brɯŋ/

Definitions

馮

to gallop
full
to covet
to bully
to seize
to wade
to climb
Alternative form of 憑／凭 (píng, “to lean on”).

Compounds

暴虎馮河／暴虎冯河 (bàohǔpínghé)
馮心／冯心

馮河／冯河
馮虛／冯虚

馮虛御風／冯虚御风
馮軾／冯轼

References

“馮”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

馮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: びょう (byō); ぶ (bu); ぶう (bū)
Kan-on: ひょう (hyō); ほう (hō)
Kan’yō-on: ふう (fū)
Kun: たのむ (tanomu, 馮む); よる (yoru, 馮る)

Korean

Hanja

馮 • (pung) (hangeul 풍, revised pung, McCune–Reischauer p'ung, Yale phung)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

馮 (Phùng)

a Vietnamese surname

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.