鰹
See also: 鲣
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Translingual
Han character
鰹 (radical 195, 魚+11, 22 strokes, cangjie input 弓火尸水土 (NFSEG), four-corner 27314, composition ⿰魚堅)
- a skipjack tuna, a bonito, Katsuwonus pelamis (Japanese)
- a great eel (Classical Chinese)
- a kind of shark
References
- KangXi: page 1477, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46437
- Dae Jaweon: page 2008, character 28
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4709, character 14
- Unihan data for U+9C39
Chinese
| trad. | 鰹 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 鲣 | |
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (臣) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 臤 | *kʰaːn, *kʰriːn, *ɡiːn, *kʰins |
| 掔 | *kʰriːn, *kʰiːn |
| 慳 | *kʰriːn |
| 藖 | *ɡriːn, *ɡriːns |
| 堅 | *kiːn |
| 鋻 | *kiːn, *kiːns |
| 鰹 | *kiːn |
| 蜸 | *kʰiːnʔ |
| 菣 | *kʰiːns, *kʰins |
| 賢 | *ɡiːn |
| 礥 | *ɡiːn, *ɢrin |
| 臔 | *ɡiːnʔ |
| 挋 | *kiŋs |
| 臣 | *ɡiŋ |
| 茞 | *ɡiŋ |
| 腎 | *ɡjinʔ |
| 頣 | *hŋiŋʔ |
| 緊 | *kinʔ |
| 嚚 | *ŋɡriŋ |
| 鏗 | *kʰreːŋ |
| 摼 | *kʰreːŋ |
| 硻 | *kʰreːŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kiːn) : semantic 魚 + phonetic 堅 (OC *kiːn).
Pronunciation
Definitions
鰹
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Japanese
Etymology
/katuwo/ → /kat͡suwo/ → /kat͡suo/
Two possible derivations:
- A shift from a compound of 堅 (kata) + 魚 (uo, “fish”), from the long-standing practice of drying lower-grade tuna into hard blocks. A folk etymology also derives this kanji character, compare 木工 → 杢 (moku, “woodworker”, archaic) and 麻呂 → 麿 (maro, first-person pronoun, archaic).
- A shift from a compound of 勝つ (katsu, “to win”) + 魚 (uo, “fish”).
Noun
鰹 (hiragana かつお, katakana カツオ, rōmaji katsuo, historical hiragana かつを, historical katakana カツヲ)
- a skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis
- Short for 鰹木 (katsuogi): a log on the roof of a shrine set perpendicular to the ridgepole
- Short for 鰹節 (katsuobushi): smoked and dried skipjack tuna
- (obsolete) Short for 鰹虫 (katsuomushi): a biting midge; a water strider
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 秋鰹 (akigatsuo, “bonito caught in autumn”, obscure)
- 鰹木 (katsuogi, “shrine log”)
- 鰹鯨 (katsuokujira, “Eden's whale, Bryde's whale”, Balaenoptera edeni)
- 鰹だし, 鰹出汁, 鰹出し (katsuodashi, “(dried) bonito stock”)
- 鰹鳥 (katsuodori, “brown booby”, Sula leucogaster)
- 鰹の烏帽子 (katsuo no eboshi, “Portuguese man-of-war”, Physalia physalis)
- 鰹節 (katsubushi), 鰹節 (katsuobushi, “katsuobushi”)
- 鰹味噌 (katsuomiso, “miso mixed with bonito”)
- 縞鰹 (shimagatsuo, “Pacific pomfret”, Brama japonica)
- 宗太鰹 (sōdagatsuo, “frigate tuna”, genus Auxis)
- 歯鰹 (hagatsuo, “striped bonito”, Sarda orientalis)
- 初松魚, 初鰹 (hatsugatsuo, “first bonito of the season”)
- 花鰹 (hanakatsuo), 花鰹 (hanagatsuo, “dried bonito shavings”)
- 真魚鰹 (managatsuo, a species of butterfish, Pampus punctatissimus)
Descendants
Korean
Hanja
鰹 • (gyeon) (hangeul 견, revised gyeon, McCune–Reischauer kyŏn, Yale kyen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
鰹 (kiên)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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