-TʼÓÓD
Navajo
Etymology 1
From Proto-Athabaskan *tʼutʼ (“to suck”). Related to -TʼOD (“to be soft”) and -TʼOH (“to smoke”).
Cognate root found in Ahtna ighiłtʼuutʼ (“he sucked it”), kultʼotʼ (“ground is soft”), Koyukon yiltʊt (“he sucked it on it once”), Carrier əst’ət (“to smoke”).
Root
-TʼÓÓD
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O + ł | motion |
S pumps O
|
|||||
| O + ł | successive |
S sucks O
|
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM | -tʼood | -tʼóód | -tʼoł | -tʼoʼ | -tʼood |
| REP | -tʼoʼ | -tʼóód | -tʼoł | -tʼoʼ | -tʼoʼ |
| SER | -tʼod | -tʼóód | -tʼoł | -tʼoʼ | -tʼod |
| SEM | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼÓÓD (suck)
Etymology 2
Perhaps from Proto-Athabaskan *tʼučʼ (“to peel, to strip”), with an irregular coda evolution (*-čʼ> -sh would be expected). See also -TʼOD (“arrow sticks”) for a similar issue.
Compare Ahtna idghiltʼuutsʼ (“he peels it”), Carrier əst’us (“to strip”), hanəzt’ûz (“to be bald”), with meanings identical to the ones found in Navajo.
Root
-TʼÓÓD
1. to tear, to peel, to wear out
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive base (O + Ø) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ø | motion |
S tears, balds, peels
|
S tears O, plucks O, peels O
|
2. to wipe
| Theme | Category | Bases | Transitive bases (O + ł) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| O + Ø | successive |
S wipes O
|
Stem set
| Aspect | IMP | PERF | FUT | ITER | OPT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MOM | -tʼood | -tʼóód | -tʼoł | -tʼoʼ | -tʼood |
| REP | -tʼod | -tʼóód | -tʼoł | -tʼoʼ | -tʼod |
| SEM | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod | -tʼod |
See also Appendix: Roots and stems derivation.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼÓÓD (tear)
Navajo terms belonging to the root -TʼÓÓD (wipe)