< Reconstruction:Latin
Reconstruction:Latin/perdono
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This Latin entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Latin
Etymology
per- + dōnō, a calque of Proto-Germanic *fragebaną or one of its descendants. The prevalence only in Western Romance languages aligns with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and succession of the several barbarian Gothic kingdoms; it is probable that the calque originated from the Germanic-speaking elite (see Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (fragiban) and Frankish *firgeban) and trickled downwards through society to the general subjects.
Pronunciation
Verb
*perdōnō (present infinitive *perdōnāre, perfect active *perdōnāvī, supine *perdōnātum); first conjugation
- (Vulgar Latin) I forgive, pardon.
Conjugation
Italo-Western Romance conjugation of *perdōnō
| infinitive | *pęrdọnárę | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | *pęrdọnántẹs | ||||||
| gerund | *pęrdọnándọ | ||||||
| past participle | *pęrdọnátọ | ||||||
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| simple tenses | present | *pęrdọ́nọ | *pęrdọ́nas | *pęrdọ́nat | *pęrdọnámọs | *pęrdọnátẹs | *pęrdọ́nant |
| imperfect | *pęrdọnávã | *pęrdọnávas | *pęrdọnávat | *pęrdọnavámọs | *pęrdọnavátẹs | *pęrdọnávant | |
| perfect | *pęrdọnái | *pęrdọnásti | *pęrdọnáút | *pęrdọnámmọs | *pęrdọnástẹs | *pęrdọnárọnt | |
| pluperfect | *pęrdọnárã | *pęrdọnáras | *pęrdọnárat | *pęrdọnarámọs | *pęrdọnarátẹs | *pęrdọnárant | |
| future perfect | *pęrdọnárẽ | *pęrdọnárẹs | *pęrdọnárẹt | *pęrdọnárẹmọs | *pęrdọnárẹtẹs | *pęrdọnárẹnt | |
| future | *pęrdọnárę áviọ | *pęrdọnárę ávẹs | *pęrdọnárę ávęt | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́mọs | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́tẹs | *pęrdọnárę ávęnt | |
| compound tenses | perfect | *áviọ pęrdọnátọ | *ávẹs pęrdọnátọ | *ávęt pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́mọs pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́tẹs pęrdọnátọ | *ávęnt pęrdọnátọ |
| pluperfect | *avẹ́vã pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́vas pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́vat pęrdọnátọ | *avẹvámọ pęrdọnátọ | *avẹvátẹs pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́vant pęrdọnátọ | |
| future perfect | *avẹ́rę áviọ pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́rę ávẹs pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęt pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́mọs pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́rę avẹ́tẹs pęrdọnátọ | *avẹ́rę ávęnt pęrdọnátọ | |
| conditional | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́vã | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́vas | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́vat | *pęrdọnárę avẹvámọs | *pęrdọnárę avẹvátẹs | *pęrdọnárę avẹ́vant | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| present | *pęrdọ́nẽ | *pęrdọ́nẹs | *pęrdọ́nęt | *pęrdọnẹ́mọs | *pęrdọnẹ́tẹs | *pęrdọ́nęnt | |
| imperfect | *pęrdọnárẽ | *pęrdọnárẹs | *pęrdọnáręt | *pęrdọnarẹ́mọs | *pęrdọnarẹ́tẹs | *pęrdọnáręnt | |
| pluperfect | *pęrdọnássẽ | *pęrdọnássẹs | *pęrdọnássęt | *pęrdọnassẹ́mọs | *pęrdọnassẹ́tẹs | *pęrdọnássęnt | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| — | second | — | — | second | — | ||
| present | — | *pęrdọ́na | — | — | *pęrdọnátę | — | |
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