< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/keh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Root

*keh₂- [2]

  1. to desire, wish

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*keh%E2%82%82-' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *keh₂-'>Terms derived from the PIE root *keh₂-</a>
  • *kéh₂-ye- (ye-present)[2]
    • Indo-Iranian: *kaHya-
      • Indo-Aryan: *kaHya-
        • Sanskrit: कायमान (kā́yamāna)
      • Iranian: *kaHya-
        • Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬁‎ (kaiiā)
        • ⇒ Iranian: *kaHta- (lexicalized perfect participle)[3]
          • Avestan: -𐬐𐬁𐬙𐬀‎ (-kāta-)
          • ⇒ Iranian: *kaHta-ka-[3]
            • (perhaps) Middle Persian: kʾtk' (kādag) (see there for further descendants)
            • Parthian: ʾʾgʾdg (āɣādaɣ)
            • → Tajik: кота (kota)
              • → Shughni: кота̄ (kōtā)
  • (perhaps) *ke-n-h₂- (nasal-infix present[4], if not an unrelated root *kenH- (“to be pleased, enjoy”)[5])
    • Indo-Iranian: *kanH- (see there for further descendants)
  • *ke-kóh₂-e ~ *ke-kh₂-ḗr (perfect)[2]
    • Indo-Iranian: *čakáy
      • Indo-Aryan: *ćakáy
        • Sanskrit: चके (caké)
      • Iranian: *čakáy
        • Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬐𐬎𐬱‎ (cakuš)
  • *kéh₂-ro-[2]
    • Balto-Slavic:[6]
    • ⇒ Celtic: *kareti (deadjectival < *kh₂r-ó-)[7]
      • Brythonic:
      • Continental:
        • Celtiberian: Kara-
        • Gaulish: Caro-, -carus
      • Goidelic:
    • ⇒ Celtic: *karants (deadjectival < *kh₂r-énts)[8] (see there for further descendants)
    • Germanic: *hōraz, *hōrǭ, *hōrą (see there for further descendants)
    • Italic: *kāros[9] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kóh₂-mo-[2]
    • Indo-Iranian: *káHmas m (“wish, desire”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Hellenic:

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume II, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 515
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 343
  3. Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 383–384
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 233–234
  5. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “352”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
  6. Derksen, Rick (2015), “kārs”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 538
  7. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*kar-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 191
  8. Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*karant-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 190
  9. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cārus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 95-96
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