< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čьrnъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *čьrxnъ < *kьršnъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kiršnas, from Proto-Indo-European *kr̥snós (“black”).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *čьrnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čьrnъ | *čьrna | *čьrno |
| Accusative | *čьrnъ | *čьrnǫ | *čьrno |
| Genitive | *čьrna | *čьrny | *čьrna |
| Locative | *čьrně | *čьrně | *čьrně |
| Dative | *čьrnu | *čьrně | *čьrnu |
| Instrumental | *čьrnomь | *čьrnojǫ | *čьrnomь |
| Vocative | *čьrne | *čьrno | *čьrno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čьrna | *čьrně | *čьrně |
| Accusative | *čьrna | *čьrně | *čьrně |
| Genitive | *čьrnu | *čьrnu | *čьrnu |
| Locative | *čьrnu | *čьrnu | *čьrnu |
| Dative | *čьrnoma | *čьrnama | *čьrnoma |
| Instrumental | *čьrnoma | *čьrnama | *čьrnoma |
| Vocative | *čьrna | *čьrně | *čьrně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čьrni | *čьrny | *čьrna |
| Accusative | *čьrny | *čьrny | *čьrna |
| Genitive | *čьrnъ | *čьrnъ | *čьrnъ |
| Locative | *čьrněxъ | *čьrnaxъ | *čьrněxъ |
| Dative | *čьrnomъ | *čьrnamъ | *čьrnomъ |
| Instrumental | *čьrny | *čьrnami | *čьrny |
| Vocative | *čьrni | *čьrny | *čьrna |
Definite declension of *čьrnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čьrnъjь | *čьrnaja | *čьrnoje |
| Accusative | *čьrnъjь | *čьrnǫjǫ | *čьrnoje |
| Genitive | *čьrnajego | *čьrnyję | *čьrnajego |
| Locative | *čьrnějemь | *čьrněji | *čьrnějemь |
| Dative | *čьrnujemu | *čьrněji | *čьrnujemu |
| Instrumental | *čьrnyjimi | *čьrnǫjǫ | *čьrnyjimi |
| Vocative | *čьrnъjь | *čьrnaja | *čьrnoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čьrnaja | *čьrněji | *čьrněji |
| Accusative | *čьrnaja | *čьrněji | *čьrněji |
| Genitive | *čьrnuju | *čьrnuju | *čьrnuju |
| Locative | *čьrnuju | *čьrnuju | *čьrnuju |
| Dative | *čьrnyjima | *čьrnyjima | *čьrnyjima |
| Instrumental | *čьrnyjima | *čьrnyjima | *čьrnyjima |
| Vocative | *čьrnaja | *čьrněji | *čьrněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *čьrniji | *čьrnyję | *čьrnaja |
| Accusative | *čьrnyję | *čьrnyję | *čьrnaja |
| Genitive | *čьrnъjixъ | *čьrnъjixъ | *čьrnъjixъ |
| Locative | *čьrnyjixъ | *čьrnyjixъ | *čьrnyjixъ |
| Dative | *čьrnyjimъ | *čьrnyjimъ | *čьrnyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *čьrnyjimi | *čьrnyjimi | *čьrnyjimi |
| Vocative | *čьrniji | *čьrnyję | *čьrnaja |
See also
| Colors in Proto-Slavic · *květi (layout · text) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ | *čьrnъ (of animals) *vornъ | ||
| *čьrvenъ, *rudъ | *granivъ; *smědъ, *snědъ, *rudъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ | ||
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |||
| *polvъ | *modrъ, *siňь | |||
| *bagrъ | ||||
Derived terms
- *čьrnobylъ / *čьrnobylь / *čьrnobylьje
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “черный”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “черный”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 383
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьrnъ(jь)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 155
- https://slovari.yandex.ru/~книги/Этимологический%20словарь/Черный/
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čь̀rnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92: “adj. o (b) ‘black’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “čьrnъ čьrna čьrno”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b black (NA 125, 142; SA 108, 146, 172, 199; PR 136)”
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