< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zelenъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Apparently originally participle of verb **zelti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *źelʔ-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-. Morphologically *zel- + *-enъ.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian žélti (“to sprout”), žãlias (“green”), žel̃vas (“greenish”), Latvian zelt (“to become green”), zalš (“green”), Old Prussian saligan (“green”).
Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit हरि (hari, “fallow, yellowish, greenish”), Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬥𐬫𐬀 (zaranya), Latin helvus (“honey-yellow”), Albanian dhelpërë, Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “pale green, greenish yellow”), Proto-Germanic *gelwaz (“yellow”).
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *zelenъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *zelenъ | *zelena | *zeleno |
| Accusative | *zelenъ | *zelenǫ | *zeleno |
| Genitive | *zelena | *zeleny | *zelena |
| Locative | *zeleně | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| Dative | *zelenu | *zeleně | *zelenu |
| Instrumental | *zelenomь | *zelenojǫ | *zelenomь |
| Vocative | *zelene | *zeleno | *zeleno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| Accusative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| Genitive | *zelenu | *zelenu | *zelenu |
| Locative | *zelenu | *zelenu | *zelenu |
| Dative | *zelenoma | *zelenama | *zelenoma |
| Instrumental | *zelenoma | *zelenama | *zelenoma |
| Vocative | *zelena | *zeleně | *zeleně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *zeleni | *zeleny | *zelena |
| Accusative | *zeleny | *zeleny | *zelena |
| Genitive | *zelenъ | *zelenъ | *zelenъ |
| Locative | *zeleněxъ | *zelenaxъ | *zeleněxъ |
| Dative | *zelenomъ | *zelenamъ | *zelenomъ |
| Instrumental | *zeleny | *zelenami | *zeleny |
| Vocative | *zeleni | *zeleny | *zelena |
Definite declension of *zelenъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *zelenъjь | *zelenaja | *zelenoje |
| Accusative | *zelenъjь | *zelenǫjǫ | *zelenoje |
| Genitive | *zelenajego | *zelenyję | *zelenajego |
| Locative | *zelenějemь | *zeleněji | *zelenějemь |
| Dative | *zelenujemu | *zeleněji | *zelenujemu |
| Instrumental | *zelenyjimi | *zelenǫjǫ | *zelenyjimi |
| Vocative | *zelenъjь | *zelenaja | *zelenoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| Accusative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| Genitive | *zelenuju | *zelenuju | *zelenuju |
| Locative | *zelenuju | *zelenuju | *zelenuju |
| Dative | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima |
| Instrumental | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima | *zelenyjima |
| Vocative | *zelenaja | *zeleněji | *zeleněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *zeleniji | *zelenyję | *zelenaja |
| Accusative | *zelenyję | *zelenyję | *zelenaja |
| Genitive | *zelenъjixъ | *zelenъjixъ | *zelenъjixъ |
| Locative | *zelenyjixъ | *zelenyjixъ | *zelenyjixъ |
| Dative | *zelenyjimъ | *zelenyjimъ | *zelenyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *zelenyjimi | *zelenyjimi | *zelenyjimi |
| Vocative | *zeleniji | *zelenyję | *zelenaja |
See also
| Colors in Proto-Slavic · *květi (layout · text) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ |
*sivъ, *śěrъ | *čьrnъ (of animals) *vornъ | ||
| *čьrvenъ, *rudъ | *granivъ; *smědъ, *snědъ, *rudъ (of animals) *gnědъ |
*žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ | ||
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |||
| *polvъ | *modrъ, *siňь | |||
| *bagrъ | ||||
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “зеленый”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “зелёный”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 322
- Куркина Л. В. (2010), “Комментарии к IV тому "Этимологического словаря словенского языка" Ф. Безлая”, in Этимология, 2006-2008, Moscow: Nauka, page 164
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*zelènъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 541: “adj. o (b) ‘green’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “zelenъ zelena zeleno”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b grøn (PR 136)”
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