< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/daviti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dʰōh₂w-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₂w- (per Derksen); elsewhere reconstructed as *dʰew-. Cognate with Old Norse deyja (“to die”) (whence English die), Gothic 𐌰𐍆𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌹𐌸𐍃 (afdauiþs, “tormented”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬎𐬎- (dauu-, “to crush, to oppress”) (attested as 𐬛𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬍 (duuaidī, 1 du. past middle)), Ancient Greek Ζεὺς θαύλιος (Zeùs thaúlios, “Zeus the strangler? (Phrygian god)”), Phrygian δάος (dáos, “wolf”).
Inflection
Conjugation of *daviti (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *davľenьje | *daviti | *davitъ | *davilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *davľenъ | *davimъ |
| Active | *davľь | *davę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davixъ | *davi | *davi | *davľǫ | *daviši | *davitь |
| Dual | *davixově | *davista | *daviste | *davivě | *davita | *davite |
| Plural | *davixomъ | *daviste | *davišę | *davimъ | *davite | *davętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *davľaaxъ | *davľaaše | *davľaaše | — | *davi | *davi |
| Dual | *davľaaxově | *davľaašeta | *davľaašete | *davivě | *davita | — |
| Plural | *davľaaxomъ | *davľaašete | *davľaaxǫ | *davimъ | *davite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*davivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: давити (daviti, “to suffocate”), 1sg. давлѭ (davljǫ)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: да́вя (dávja, “to drown, to suffocate”)
- Macedonian: дави (davi, “to drown, to suffocate”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Chakavian (Vrgada): då̄vȉti (“to suffocate”), 2sg. då̃vīš
- Slovene: dáviti (“to suffocate”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. dávim (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: dláviti
- Czech: dávit (“to suffocate, to throw up”)
- Polabian: dovĕ (“to press”)
- Polish: dawić (“to suffocate”) (obsolete or dialectal), dławić (“to suffocate”)
- Slovak: dáviť, dláviť (“to suffocate, to throw up”)
- Slovincian: dłȧ̃vjĭc (“to suffocate”)
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: dawić, dajić (“to suffocate”)
- Lower Sorbian: dawiś, dajiś (“to suffocate”)
Further reading
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “дави́ть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 230
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “дави́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 235
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1977), “*daviti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 04, Moscow: Nauka, page 198
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dāvìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97: “v. (b) ‘suffocate’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “daviti: davjǫ davitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b press (PR 137)”
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