rum
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɹʌm/
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -ʌm
Etymology 1
In common use since by at least 1654,[1] of uncertain origin. Theories include:
- that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),[2]
- that it is a shortening of rumbullion[3] or rumbustion,[4] or
- that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
- that it derives from rummer, from Dutch[5]
Noun
rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)
- (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.
- The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.
- (countable) A serving of rum.
- Jake tossed down three rums.
- (countable) A kind or brand of rum.
- Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.
- (obsolete, slang) A queer or odd person or thing.
- (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
- (Can we date this quote?) Jonathan Swift
- No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.
- (Can we date this quote?) Jonathan Swift
Synonyms
- (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
- (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly
Translations
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Adjective
rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)
- (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]
- having a rum time
- (Britain, colloquial, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]
- a rum idea; a rum fellow
- 1837-9, Charles Dickens, Oliver Twist:
- "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"
- 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian, Google Books
- "Can't you see him?"
- "Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."
- 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346
- "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.
Synonyms
- (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
- (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Shortening of rummy.
References
- In that year, Connecticut ordered confiscation of "whatsoever Barbados liquors, commonly called rum, kill devil and the like". See Charles A. Coulombe, Rum (2005, →ISBN.
- Wayne Curtis, And a Bottle of Rum (2006, Random House, →ISBN, pages 34–35.
- “rum” in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
- “rum” in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- Anthony Dias Blue, The Complete Book of Spirits : A Guide to Their History, Production, and Enjoyment (2004, HarperCollins, →ISBN
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rum/
Declension
Declension
Derived terms
- rumiště
References
- "rum²" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
- "rum¹" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rom/, [ʁɔmˀ]
- Rhymes: -ɔm
Etymology 1
From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”).
Usage notes
Only used in the expressions:
- i rum sø
- en rum tid
Etymology 2
From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”).
Noun
rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)
- room (part of a building)
- compartment
- (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)
- De fravalgte at udforske rummet.
- They chose not to explore space.
- De fravalgte at udforske rummet.
Declension
Etymology 3
See rumme (“to contain, hold”).
Verb
rum
- imperative of rumme
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rʏm/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: rum
- Rhymes: -ʏm
Fiji Hindi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ruːm/
German
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁʊm/
Audio (file)
Usage notes
- While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.
Gothic
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈrum]
- Hyphenation: rum
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | rum | rumok |
accusative | rumot | rumokat |
dative | rumnak | rumoknak |
instrumental | rummal | rumokkal |
causal-final | rumért | rumokért |
translative | rummá | rumokká |
terminative | rumig | rumokig |
essive-formal | rumként | rumokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | rumban | rumokban |
superessive | rumon | rumokon |
adessive | rumnál | rumoknál |
illative | rumba | rumokba |
sublative | rumra | rumokra |
allative | rumhoz | rumokhoz |
elative | rumból | rumokból |
delative | rumról | rumokról |
ablative | rumtól | rumoktól |
Possessive forms of rum | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | rumom | rumjaim |
2nd person sing. | rumod | rumjaid |
3rd person sing. | rumja | rumjai |
1st person plural | rumunk | rumjaink |
2nd person plural | rumotok | rumjaitok |
3rd person plural | rumjuk | rumjaik |
References
- Zaicz, Gábor. Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (’Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN
Irish
Declension
Fourth declension
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
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Italian
Alternative forms
Derived terms
- rum fantasia
Kashubian
Lower Sorbian
Etymology
Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [rum]
Declension
Old English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ruːm/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *rūmaz. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).
Adjective
rūm
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm (Low German Ruum, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm (German Raum), Old Norse rūm (Danish and Swedish rum), Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).
Noun
rūm n
- space; a room
- a space of time, an interval; an opportunity
- Rum wæs to nimanne londbuendum on ðam laðestan... ― It was an opportunity for the land-dwellers to seize from the most hated ones...(Judith)
Declension
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | rūm | rūm |
accusative | rūm | rūm |
genitive | rūmes | rūma |
dative | rūme | rūmum |
Derived terms
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /rum/
audio (file)
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.
Pronunciation
audio (file)
Noun
rum n
- room; part of a building.
- Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum
- I want a flat with two rooms
- room; empty, available space; enough space
- Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?
- Do you have enough space in your bag so that you could put my book too in it?
- (mathematics) space
- Linjärt rum
- Linear space
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zum˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʐum˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ɹʊm˧˧]