winnen
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch winnen, from Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʋɪ.nə(n)/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɪnən
Verb
winnen
Inflection
Inflection of winnen (strong class 3) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | winnen | |||
past singular | won | |||
past participle | gewonnen | |||
infinitive | winnen | |||
gerund | winnen n | |||
present tense | past tense | |||
1st person singular | win | won | ||
2nd person sing. (jij) | wint | won | ||
2nd person sing. (u) | wint | won | ||
2nd person sing. (gij) | wint | wont | ||
3rd person singular | wint | won | ||
plural | winnen | wonnen | ||
subjunctive sing.1 | winne | wonne | ||
subjunctive plur.1 | winnen | wonnen | ||
imperative sing. | win | |||
imperative plur.1 | wint | |||
participles | winnend | gewonnen | ||
1) Archaic. |
Low German
Etymology 1
From Middle Low German winnen, from Old Saxon winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare Dutch winnen, German gewinnen, English win, Norwegian vinne, Swedish vinna.
Conjugation
infinitive | winnen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | winn | wunn |
2nd person singular | winns(t) | wunns(t) |
3rd person singular | winn(t) | wunn |
plural | winnt, winnen | wunnen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | winn | |
plural | winnt | |
participle | present | past |
winnen | (e)wunnen, gewunnen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Etymology 2
From Middle Low German [Term?], from Old Saxon windan, from Proto-Germanic *windaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”). Compare German winden, Dutch winden, English wind.
Conjugation
infinitive | winnen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | winn | wunn |
2nd person singular | winns(t) | wunns(t) |
3rd person singular | winn(t) | wunn |
plural | winnt, winnen | wunnen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | winn | |
plural | winnt | |
participle | present | past |
winnen | (e)wunnen, gewunnen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
Luxembourgish
Etymology
From Middle High German wenen, from Old High German wennen. Cognate with German gewöhnen (with prefix ge-).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈvinən/
- Rhymes: -inən
Conjugation
Regular | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | winnen | |
participle | gewinnt | |
auxiliary | hunn | |
present indicative |
imperative | |
1st singular | winnen | — |
2nd singular | winns | winn |
3rd singular | winnt | — |
1st plural | winnen | — |
2nd plural | winnt | winnt |
3rd plural | winnen | — |
(n) or (nn) indicates the Eifeler Regel. |
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch winnan, from Proto-Germanic *winnaną, from Proto-Indo-European *wen- (“to strive, desire, wish, love”).
Verb
winnen
Inflection
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | winnen | |
3rd sg. past | wan | |
3rd pl. past | wonnen | |
Past participle | gewonnen | |
Infinitive | winnen | |
In genitive | winnens | |
In dative | winnene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | winne | wan |
2nd singular | wins, winnes | wons, wonnes |
3rd singular | wint, winnet | wan |
1st plural | winnen | wonnen |
2nd plural | wint, winnet | wont, wonnet |
3rd plural | winnen | wonnen |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | winne | wonne |
2nd singular | wins, winnes | wonnes |
3rd singular | winne | wonne |
1st plural | winnen | wonnen |
2nd plural | wint, winnet | wonnet |
3rd plural | winnen | wonnen |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | win, winne | |
Plural | wint, winnet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | winnende | gewonnen |
Further reading
- “winnen (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “winnen (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, 1929