280 Where There Is No Doctor 2011
LUMPS OR GROWTHS IN THE LOWER PART OF THE BELLY
The most common lump is, of course, caused by
the normal development of a baby. Abnormal lumps or
masses may be caused by:
• a cyst or watery swelling, often in the ovaries
• a baby that has accidentally begun to develop
outside of the womb (ectopic pregnancy), or
• cancer
All 3 of these conditions are usually painless or mildly
uncomfortable at first, and become very painful later. All require medical attention and
usually surgery. If you find any unusual, gradually growing lump, seek medical advice.
Cancer of the womb
Cancer of the uterus (womb), cervix (neck of the womb), or ovaries is most common
in women over 40. The first sign may be anemia or unexplained bleeding. Later, an
uncomfortable or painful lump in the belly may be noticed.
There is a special test called a Pap smear (Papanicolaou) to find cancer of the cervix
when it is just beginning. Where it is available, all women over 20 should try to get a
Pap smear once a year. Another method is called ‘visual inspection’ and uses a vinegar
solution painted on the cervix. If this makes tissue turn white, then further testing or
treatment is needed.
At the first suspicion of cancer, seek medical help.
Out-of-place or Ectopic Pregnancy
womb or
uterus—
where a baby
is normally
made
tube
to ovary
ovary—where
the eggs are
made
vagina
vulva—
or lips of
vagina
Sometimes a baby begins to form
outside the womb, in one of the tubes
that comes from the ovaries.
There may be abnormal menstrual
bleeding together with signs of
pregnancy—also severe cramps low in
the belly and a painful lump outside the
womb.
A baby that begins to form out of place
cannot live. Ectopic pregnancy requires
surgery in a hospital. If you suspect
this problem, seek medical advice
soon, as dangerous bleeding could
start any time.