Condylostoma

Condylostoma
Condylostoma patens
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
(unranked):
SAR
(unranked):
Phylum:
Ciliophora
Subphylum:
Class:
Family:
Condylostomatidae
Genus:
Condylostoma

Bory de Saint Vincent, 1826

Condylostoma is a genus of unicellular ciliate protists, belonging to the class Heterotrichea.

Species list

According to the World Register of Marine Species, genus Condylostoma contains 24 species:[1]

  • Condylostoma acuta Dragesco, 1954
  • Condylostoma ancestralis Villeneuve-Brachon, 1940
  • Condylostoma arenarium Spiegel, 1926
  • Condylostoma caudatum Lauterborn, 1908
  • Condylostoma curva Burkovsky, 1970
  • Condylostoma enigmatica Dragesco, 1954
  • Condylostoma fjeldi Hartwig, 1973
  • Condylostoma granulosum Bullington, 1940
  • Condylostoma kahli Dragesco, 1960
  • Condylostoma magnum Spiegel, 1926
  • Condylostoma minima Dragesco, 1960
  • Condylostoma minutum Bullington, 1940
  • Condylostoma nigra Dragesco, 1960
  • Condylostoma patens O.F. Müller, 1786
  • Condylostoma patulum Claparède & Lachmann, 1858
  • Condylostoma psammophilum Bock, 1952
  • Condylostoma remanei Spiegel, 1928
  • Condylostoma rugosa Kahl, 1928
  • Condylostoma spatiosum Ozaki & Yagiu in Yagiu, 1944
  • Condylostoma subterraneum Lepsi, 1964
  • Condylostoma tardum Penard, 1922
  • Condylostoma tenuis Faure-Fremiet, 1958
  • Condylostoma vastum Bock, 1955
  • Condylostoma vorticella Ehrenberg, 1833

Phylogeny

Molecular analyses based on either a single locus (small subunit rRNA) or several loci (SSU rDNA, large subunit rRNA, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region, alpha-tubulin and COI) showed that Condylostoma is phylogenetically related to the genera Condylostentor and Chattonidium, and with Condylostomides possibly being their sister-group.[2][3][4]

Alternative genetic code

An alternative genetic code is used by the nuclear genome of Condylostoma magnum.[5] This code corresponds to translation table 28 and involves the unusual reassignment of the three standard termination codons to sense codons.

Table of conditional stop codons and comparison with the standard genetic code
Genetic code Translation
table
Codon Conditional
translation
Standard translation
DNA RNA
Condylostoma nuclear28TAAUAATer (*)orGln (Q)Ter (*)
TAGUAGTer (*)orGln (Q)Ter (*)
TGAUGATer (*)orTrp (W)Ter (*)
Amino-acid biochemical properties Nonpolar Polar Termination: stop codon

References

  1. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Condylostoma Bory de St. Vincent, 1824". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2017-01-20.
  2. Guo, Wenbo; Song, Weibo; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S.; Shao, Chen; Miao, Miao; Al-Farraj, Saleh A.; Al-Qurishy, Saleh A.; Chen, Zigui; Yi, Zhenzhen (2008-09-10). "Phylogenetic position of three Condylostoma species (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Heterotrichea) inferred from the small subunit rRNA gene sequence". Progress in Natural Science. 18 (9): 1089–1093. doi:10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.04.003.
  3. Yan, Ying; Chen, Xumiao; Chen, Xiangrui; Gao, Feng; Al-Farraj, Saleh A.; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S. (2015-02-01). "Morphology and molecular phylogeny of three marine Condylostoma species from China, including two new ones (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea)". European Journal of Protistology. 51 (1): 66–78. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2014.11.001.
  4. Fernandes, Noemi M.; Paiva, Thiago da Silva; da Silva-Neto, Inácio D.; Schlegel, Martin; Schrago, Carlos G. (2016-02-01). "Expanded phylogenetic analyses of the class Heterotrichea (Ciliophora, Postciliodesmatophora) using five molecular markers and morphological data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 95: 229–246. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.030.
  5. Heaphy, Stephen M.; Mariotti, Marco; Gladyshev, Vadim N.; Atkins, John F.; Baranov, Pavel V. (2016-11-01). "Novel Ciliate Genetic Code Variants Including the Reassignment of All Three Stop Codons to Sense Codons in Condylostoma magnum". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 33 (11): 2885–2889. doi:10.1093/molbev/msw166. hdl:10468/3302. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 5062323. PMID 27501944.
This article is issued from Offline. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.