List of skin signs

This is a list of medical signs seen in skin, some of which are named for individuals.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

A

Skin signs (A)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Abrasion[7]Wound of skin; partial thickness.[7]Trauma[7]
Asboe-Hansen sign[4]Blister: extension of a blister to adjacent unblistered skin when pressure is put on top of it.[8]Pemphigus vulgaris[8] Gustav Asboe-Hansen
Albright's dimple sign[1]Dimples of knuckles on making a fist[4]Short metacarpals in Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy associated with pseudohypoparathyroidism and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism[9] Fuller Albright
Antenna sign[1]Keratosis pilaris[1]
Atrophy
Auspitz's sign[1]Bleeding spots after scratching skin[1]Psoriasis[1]

Darier's disease[1]

Actinic keratosis[1]

Heinrich Auspitz

B

Skin signs (B)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Barnet's sign[10]Scleroderma[1]
Battle's sign[4]Bruising behind the ear in fracture of middle cranial fossa[4]William Henry Battle
Beau lines[11]Grooves across the nail plate[11]Severe illness, acute stress[11]Joseph Honoré Simon Beau
Blaschko's linesAlfred Blaschko
Blister[8] Vesicle[8]

(Small blister)

Bulla[8]

(Large blister)

Blue dot sign[12]Torsion of the testicular appendix[12]
Blue scrotum sign of BryantAbdominal aortic aneurysmJohn Henry Bryant
Borsari's signGiovanni Battista Borsieri
Braverman's signConnective tissue disease[3]Irwin M. Braverman
Branham's sign[1]
Breakfast, lunch, and dinner sign[13]Bumps close together[14]Insect bites[13]
Burrow
Butterfly rash[5]Systemic lupus erythematosus[5]

Pellagra[5]

Rosacea[5]

Dermatomyositis[5]

Atopic dermatitis[5]

Butterfly sign[1]Dermatomyositis
Buttonhole sign[4]Bump that can be pushed into skin[1]Neurofibromatosis type I[1]

C

Skin signs (C)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Carpet tack sign[1]
Casal collarRedness and darkening of the skin around the neck, seen in people with pellagra.[15]Gaspar Casal
Chagas–Mazza–Romaña's sign[1]
Cornflake sign[16]Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans

Pemphigus foliaceous

Coral bead sign[17]Papules near nail fold[17]Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis[17]
Coudability sign[18]Hair signAlopecia areata[18]
Crowe sign[1]Freckles in underams[1]Neurofibromatosis type I[1]Frank W. Crowe
Crusts[8]
Cullen's sign[1]Bruising around umbilicus in acute pancreatitisThomas Stephen Cullen
Cyst

D

Skin signs (D)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Darier's sign[4]Ferdinand-Jean Darier
Dennie–Morgan foldCharles Clayton Dennie
Dermatoglyphics
Desquamation
Dimple sign[4]Depression of skin when squeezed.Dermatofibroma

E-F

Skin signs (E-F)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Erosions[8][19]
FissureCracks, clefts

G

Skin signs (G)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Gottron's papules[4]Heinrich Adolf Gottron
Grey Turner's sign[4]George Grey Turner
Groove sign[4]

H

Skin signs (H)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Hair collar sign[4]
Hanging curtain sign[4]Pityriasis rosea[20]
Heliotrope sign[21]Dermatomyositis[21]
Hertoghe’s sign[4]
Hoagland’s sign[22]Infectious mononucleosis[22]
Holster sign[4]
HivesUrticaria, wheals
Hutchinson's signJonathan Hutchinson

I-J

Skin signs (I-J)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Janeway lesionEdward Gamaliel Janeway

K

Skin signs (K)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Kerr's sign
Koebner phenomenonHeinrich Koebner
Koplik's spotsHenry Koplik

L

Skin signs (L)
Term DescriptionDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)Notes
Langer's linesKarl Langer
Leser–Trélat sign[23]seborrheic keratoses: sudden occurrence of many associated with an internal cancer as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome[23]Edmund Leser, Ulysse Trélat (1800s) A more accurate description was given by Eugen Von Hollander in 1900.[24]
Lichenification[7]

M

Skin signs (M)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Macule[7]
Maceration
Morbilliform

N-O

Skin signs (N-O)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)Notes
Nikolsky's signPyotr Nikolsky (1858 – 1940)
Nodule[7]
Ollendorff probe sign[25] Pain on prodding lesion[25] Secondary syphilis[25] Helene Ollendorff Curth (1899 - 1982) Several dermatological publications refer to the sign as the Buschke-Ollendorf sign.[26] However, Ollendorf Curth described the sign before going to work with Buschke and she and others clarify that the sign is called Ollendorffs sign.[25][27]
Osler nodeWilliam Osler

P

Skin signs (P)
TermDescriptionImageEponymous (named for)
Papule[7]A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin.
Pastia's linesConstantin Chessec Pastia
Patch[7]
Pear sign[8]
Plaque[7]
Pustule[7]

R

Skin signs (R)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Racoon sign
Renbök phenomenon
Reticulate skin
Reverse Namaskar signEhlers–Danlos syndrome
Romana's sign[28]Chagas disease[28]Cecilio Romana
Rope sign
Round fingerpad sign
Rumpel–Leede sign
Russell’s sign

S

Skin signs (S)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Scales[16]
Scar
Scratch marksexcoriations
Serpiginous skin
Shawl signDermatomyositis

T

Skin signs (T)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Tent sign
Thumbprint sign
Tin-tack sign
Telangiectasia
Toy soldier sign
Tripe palmsThick ridged velvety palms, typically as part of a paraneoplastic syndrome[29]
Tumor

U

Skin signs (U)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Ugly duckling sign[30]Spot that appears out of place[30]
Ulcers
Umbilication[31]Dip in skin bump[31]

V

Skin signs (V)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
V sign[32]Trichotillomania[32]
Vesicle

W

Skin signs (W)
TermDescriptionCauseImageEponymous (named for)
Walzel sign[4]
Wickham striaeLouis Frédéric Wickham
Winterbottom's sign[4]Thomas Winterbottom
Wolf's isotopic response

See also

References

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  2. Yale, Steven H.; Tekiner, Halil; Mazza, Joseph J.; Yale, Eileen S.; Yale, Ryan C. (2021). Cardiovascular Eponymic Signs: Diagnostic Skills Applied During the Physical Examination. Switzerland: Springer. ISBN 978-3-030-67595-0. Archived from the original on 2023-07-01. Retrieved 2023-06-04.
  3. 1 2 Patel, LM; Lambert, PJ; Gagna, CE; Maghari, A; Lambert, WC (September 2011). "Cutaneous signs of systemic disease". Clinics in dermatology. 29 (5): 511–22. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.01.019. ISSN 1879-1131. PMID 21855727.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Freiman, Anatoli; Kalia, Sunil; O'Brien, Elizabeth A. (July 2006). "Dermatologic Signs". Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery. 10 (4): 175–182. doi:10.2310/7750.2006.00042.
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  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Jonkman, Marcel F.; Horváth, Barbara (2022). "2. Dermatological examination of bullous diseases". In Horváth, Barbara (ed.). Autoimmune Bullous Diseases (2nd ed.). Switzerland: Springer. pp. 11–28. ISBN 978-3-030-91557-5. Archived from the original on 2023-06-30. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
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