How to Install Glass Block Windows

Last Updated: May 11, 2022

Installing glass block windows is the most practical way to weatherproof your basement or to create an attractive dividing wall in your bathroom. The installation procedure is relatively simple, so just about anybody can do it themselves. Follow these steps to guide you as you learn how to install glass block windows.

Part 1

Part 1 of 3:

Sizing the Glass Block Windows

1
Measure your space. Installing glass block windows requires removing the current window frame, so ensure that you measure down to the masonry and not just the current window frame.^{[1]
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- If you are in doubt concerning where the masonry is in relation to the current frame, take several pictures of the window and take them to the fabricator for your glass panels. They can give you a more proper estimate.^{[2]
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- Always measure twice. Getting the right dimensions is crucial.
2
Subtract 1/2” (1.27cm) from both the width and the length. This space will actually be a 1/4” mortar joint on each side of the panel, but you can simply subtract 1/2” for your measurement.

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3
Take your measurements to your vendor. Whether you are purchasing from a dealer or having your panels fabricated, you will need to take your measurements down to the company where they will show you several styles to suit your needs.
- Since fabrication won’t be a same-day process, it is recommended that you leave the current window installed until your block panels are ready.
- If your panels aren’t being delivered directly to your home, you may want to request a band clamp around the windows. This will help you transport them with less risk of snapping any of the blocks off the larger panel.^{[3]
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Part 2

Part 2 of 3:

Removing the Old Frame

1
Remove the old window. If you break the old window, be extremely careful clearing the shards. Ensure the you sweep up or clear the area with a shop vac and wear gloves.
2
Cut through the frame. Use a circular saw or a hand saw to make the first cut into the current window frame. This will make it easier to pry out the frame.
3
Rip out the old jamb. The frame’s material will determine how difficult this process is. For many frames you may be able to use a simple pry bar to rip out the frame.^{[4]
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- If the jambs are set in concrete or mortar, chisel some of it away to ease removal. When dealing with metal frames cast in the concrete, it is usually best to leave these in place. Ask your glass fabricator for suggestions. ^{[5]
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4
Remove caulking with a utility knife. You want the space to be as clear and even as possible before installing the block panel, so remove any leftover caulking and clear the space of any debris.

Part 3

Part 3 of 3:

Installing the Block Glass Panel

1
Install cedar shims at the bottom of the frame. The shims will help hold the panel in place, and they will ensure an even placement of the panel in the space. The shims should be about 1/2” (1.27cm) wide and long enough to easily remove once the first round of mortar sets.^{[6]
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- Install the shims at 3” (7.62cm) intervals, moving away from the corners.
2
Mix small batches of mortar. You can mix batches about five or six trowel amounts at a time. It should ideally have a consistency close to bread dough, which will stop the panel from floating in the space as its sets.
3
Apply a small amount of mortar to the bottom of the frame. This should just be a thin layer between the shims to help form a base before placing the window.
4
Tilt or slide the panel into position over the shims. The panel will be heavy, so have assistance on hand to place the panel. Reset any shims that move while setting the panel.
5
Slide shims into the top of the window until it is snug. Assure the window is plumb and square before continuing.
6
Pack the gaps at the bottom with mortar. Use a trowel and pack the gaps around the shims at the bottom of the panel.^{[7]
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- Allow it to set, hard to the touch, before mortaring the sides. From inside, scrape away any clumps of mortar with your trowel.^{[8]
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7
Mortar the sides of the panel. Assure that the mortar is firmly set before applying pressure to the window.
- Slide all of your shims out and finish mortaring the gaps once the mortar has set.
- Allow the mortar to set for two hours and then smooth it out with a striking tool.
- Clean any excess mortar off the panel with a sponge while it is still wet.
8
Apply caulk to seal the top of the window. Applying mortar at the top gap of the window can produce downward pressure as it sets that can compress and crack the glass. Let the mortar set for a full twenty-hour hours, then fill the entire gap with 100% silicone caulking.^{[9]
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Community Q&A

Question

Does the lock go on top or on bottom?

Community Answer

The lock to open the window goes on top. The window pivots inward from the bottom. On my window there is a chain that can hold the window at two different degrees of aperture. This enables gravity to help you open the window and sends rain in a preferable direction.
Question

How do I replace a broken single block?

Community Answer

Break the remaining block into small chunks with a hammer and punch. Vacuum up the debris. Install a single block with shims and caulk it into place.
Question

Can I install a block window in a metal frame?

Community Answer

They can fit, but it probably won't be the best fit. You may need to do some adjusting, but I would not install a block window in a metal frame if it were my project.