Byšice
Byšice is a municipality and village in Mělník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,400 inhabitants.
Byšice | |
|---|---|
 Municipal office | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Byšice Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°18′38″N 14°36′41″E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Central Bohemian |
| District | Mělník |
| First mentioned | 1321 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 10.85 km2 (4.19 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 195 m (640 ft) |
| Population (2023-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 1,431 |
| • Density | 130/km2 (340/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 277 32 |
| Website | www |
Etymology
The name is believed to originate from the personal name Byš.[2]
Geography
Byšice is located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) southeast of Mělník and 23 kilometres (14 mi) north of Prague. It lies in the Jizera Table plateau.
History
The first written mention of Byšice is from 1321. The settlement was founded on a trade route from Mělník to Mladá Boleslav. It was an agricultural and market village, in the 19th century it was a market town.[2]
The seal comes from the 15th or 16th century. The coat of arms is derived from this seal.[2]
Demographics
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| Source: Historical lexicon of municipalities of the Czech Republic[3][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Economy
In Byšice is located one of the most significant Czech food-producing companies, Vitana. The company was founded in 1919 as Graf and it was moved into Byšice in 1927. In 2013 it became a part of the Orkla ASA conglomerate.[5]
A large part of the municipal territory is agricultural land, which is managed by several entities.[6]
Sights
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The most valuable building is the Church of St. John the Baptist. It is a Baroque building from 1690–1693.[2] The church has been protected as a cultural monument.[7]
The church is a single rectangular building. It has a rectangular, triangular-ended presbytery. There is a rectangular sacristy in the axis of the building. The façade of the church is divided by pilasters. There are niches in the side fields of the façade. In the middle of the facade is a rectangular portal with a supraport and a rectangular window with a segmental niche. In the side parts of the facade above the pilasters takes place laying. Above the middle part is a ledge. The façade is finished with a wing gable with vases, pilasters and niches. The side facades have lysine frames and semicircular windows.[8]
The presbytery and the sacristy have a barrel vault with lunettes. The ship has a flat ceiling. There is an indistinct stucco decoration on the vault and wall of the presbytery and the semicircular triumphal arch. The walls of the nave are divided by cornice pilasters with stucco decoration. There are stucco cut fields on the ceiling of the ship.[8]
References
- "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
- "Historie obce Byšice" (in Czech). Obec Byšice. Retrieved 2022-05-03.
- "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Mělník" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 1–2.
- "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- "Historie" (in Czech). Orkla Foods Česko a Slovensko a.s. Retrieved 2020-11-17.
- "Současnost obce Byšice" (in Czech). Obec Byšice. Retrieved 2022-05-03.
- "Kostel sv. Jana Křtitele" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2020-11-16.
- Poche, Emanuel (1977). Umělecké památky Čech (in Czech). Academia. pp. 158, 159.
