Yield sign

In road transport, a yield or give way sign indicates that merging drivers must prepare to stop if necessary to let a driver on another approach proceed. A driver who stops or slows down to let another vehicle through has yielded the right of way to that vehicle. In contrast, a stop sign requires each driver to stop completely before proceeding, whether or not other traffic is present. Under the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, the international standard for the modern sign is an inverted equilateral triangle with a red border and either a white or yellow background. Particular regulations regarding appearance, installation, and compliance with the signs vary by some jurisdiction.

"Give Way" redirects here. For the Pearl Jam album, see Give Way (album).
For the "yield" symbol in chemical equations, see Chemical equation § Common symbols.
A modern yield sign

Terminology

While give way and yield essentially have the same meaning in this context, many countries have a clear preference of one term over the other. The following table lists which countries and territories use which term. This chart is based on official government usage in the English language and excludes indirect translations from other languages.

"Give way" "Yield"

History
Blue give-way sign as used in Czechoslovakia, 1938

A black triangle (within the standard down-arrow-shape of stop signs) was a symbol of "stop for all vehicles" from about 1925 in Germany. The triangular yield sign was used as early as 1937, when it was introduced in Denmark in red and white (matching the Danish flag),[1] in 1938 when it was codified in Czechoslovakia in a blue-white variant without words,[2] and in 1939 in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia which adopted the current red-white variant.[3] In the United States, the first yield sign was erected in 1950 in Tulsa, Oklahoma, designed by Tulsa police officer Clinton Riggs;[4][5] Riggs invented only the sign, not the rule, which was already in place.[6] Riggs' original design was shaped like a keystone; later versions bore the shape of an inverted equilateral triangle in common use today. The inverted equilateral triangle was then adopted by the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals as the international standard.

Country specifics
Yield sign Leipzig, East Germany 1951

Australia

In Australia, the Give Way sign evolved similarly to its counterpart in the United States. During the 1940s and 1950s, the sign was circular and yellow. In 1964, the sign changed to a red triangle. In the 1980s, the sign adopted its modern design and gained a counterpart for use at roundabouts.

  • Original design (1940–1964)
    Original design (1940–1964)
  • Second version (1964–1974)
    Second version (1964–1974)
  • Modern design since 1974
    Modern design since 1974

Ireland

In road signs in Ireland, the yield sign reads yield in most areas, although in Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking) areas the text is géill slí ("yield right of way"[7]) instead.[8][9] Signs erected between 1962 and 1997 read yield right of way,[10] which remains legally permitted.[9] Signs 1956–1962 had a blank white interior.[11]

  • 1956–1962
    1956–1962
  • 1962–1997
    1962–1997
  • English-language version (1997 – present)
    English-language version (1997 – present)
  • Irish-language version (1962 – present)
    Irish-language version (1962 – present)

New Zealand

In New Zealand, the original design also used the keystone shape as in the United States but used a black background with a red border. In the 1980s, the modern design was adopted. On sealed roads, the give way sign is always accompanied by a white line painted on the road to clarify the rule to road users even if the sign is obscured or missing.[12]

  • Original design (1964–1987)
    Original design (1964–1987)
  • Modern design since 1987
    Modern design since 1987

United Kingdom
A bilingual sign in Welsh and English, warning of a "give way" junction 50 yards (46 metres) ahead
Accompanying road markings for a give way sign as found in the UK

The United Kingdom's Road Traffic Act calls for give way signs and road markings at junctions (crossroads) where the give-way rule is to apply. The road marking accompanying the sign consists of a large inverted triangle painted just before the place to give way, which is marked by broken white lines across the road.[13]

In Wales, some signs bear a bilingual legend: the Welsh ildiwch appears above give way.

In the United Kingdom, a stop or give-way sign may be preceded by an inverted, blank, triangular sign with an advisory placard such as give way 100 yards.[14]

United States

In the Federal Highway Administration's Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices, a yield sign may be warranted[15]

"if engineering judgment indicates that one or more of the following conditions exist:

  1. When the ability to see all potentially conflicting traffic is sufficient to allow a road user traveling at the posted speed, the 85th-percentile speed, or the statutory speed to pass through the intersection or to stop in a reasonably safe manner.
  2. If controlling a merge-type movement on the entering roadway where acceleration geometry and/or sight distance is not adequate for merging traffic operation.
  3. The second crossroad of a divided highway, where the median width at the intersection is 30 ft or greater. In this case, a STOP sign may be installed at the entrance to the first roadway of a divided highway, and a YIELD sign may be installed at the entrance to the second roadway.
  4. An intersection where a special problem exists and where engineering judgment indicates the problem to be susceptible to correction by the use of the YIELD sign."

The sign went through several changes from its original design to the sign used today. Originally invented in 1952 and added to the MUTCD in 1954, the sign used the "keystone" shape before adopting the more readily recognized triangular shape. In 1971, the sign evolved into its modern version and changed from yellow to red, paralleling the same change that had earlier been made by Stop signs.

  • Early design (1950–1954)
    Early design (1950–1954)
  • Second version (1954–1961)
    Second version (1954–1961)
  • Third version (1961–1971)
    Third version (1961–1971)
  • Modern design as agreed to in 1971
    Modern design as agreed to in 1971

Other countries
  • Most countries around the world use a red and white vertical triangle with no text.
  • Finland, Greece, Iceland, Kuwait, Poland, Sweden and Vietnam uses a red and yellow version of the sign.
  • United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, Bhutan and most Commonwealth nations use a version of the sign that says give way
  • Yield sign in Mexico.
    Australia, Papua New Guinea, Tonga and Vanuatu use a different version of the sign which has an advance sign typeface and a different font.
  • Dominica uses a version of the British sign with "Give Way" text in red.
  • Fiji, New Zealand, and Samoa use a version of the sign with "Give Way" in the type of road sign font used in the United States and in red.
  • Ireland uses a version of the British sign that uses yield instead of give way.
  • Liberia uses a version of the sign that says yield in red text and in a different font.
  • Nigeria uses a red and yellow version of the Give Way sign used in the UK and many other Commonwealth nations.
  • Singapore uses a UK-Inspired Give Way sign placed inside a white round square.
  • The United States uses a Yield sign where the white triangle is smaller and says yield in red.
  • Canada uses a version of the international standard triangle sign without any words.
  • Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay use ceda el paso except Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela, which use a version of the sign with smaller text and in a different font.
  • Cuba uses a red and yellow version of the Spanish Give Way sign.
  • Puerto Rico uses a version of the American Yield sign translated into Spanish which says ceda.

Signs with text in English

Signs with text in Spanish

Signs with text in other languages

See also

References
  1. Bekendtgørelse om Hovedfærdselsaarer, 27. marts 1937, Denmark
  2. Government ordinance No. 100/1938 Sb. n. a z., Czechoslovakia
  3. Government ordinance No. č. 242/1939 Sb. (Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia)
  4. "Inventor of 'Yield' Sign Dies At 86". The Spokesman-Review. Associated Press. 25 May 1997. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  5. "Yield Sign Invented by Tulsa Police Captain in 1950s". KJRH – 2 News Oklahoma. 13 February 2019. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  6. "A Brief History of Yield Signs". Road Traffic Signs. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  7. Ó Dónaill, Niall. "géill". Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  8. Road Safety Authority. Rules of the Road (PDF). Road Safety Authority. p. 69.
  9. "S.I. No. 181/1997 – Road Traffic (Signs) Regulations, 1997". Irish Statute Book. Section 8 (1); and Fourth Schedule, note 4. Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  10. Department of Local Government. "S.I. No. 171/1962 – Road Traffic (Signs) Regulations, 1962" (PDF). Official Publications. Pr.6772. Dublin: Stationery Office. pp. 7 (Section 5) and 27 (First Schedule, Part III, Section A). Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  11. Department of Local Government. "S.I. No. 284/1956 – Traffic Signs Regulations, 1956" (PDF). Official Publications. Pr.3844. Dublin: Stationery Office. pp. 9 (Section 5) and 35 (First Schedule, Part III, Section A). Retrieved 7 June 2016.
  12. "What Colour Line Marks Sealed Road at a Give Way Sign?". drivingtests.co.nz. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  13. "The Highway Code – Road Markings". gov.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  14. "The Highway Code – Traffic Signs". gov.uk. Retrieved 29 April 2022.
  15. FHWA – MUTCD – 2003 Edition Revision 1 Chapter 2B
  16. "Vocabulaire du Code de la route". Office public de la Langue Bretonne (in French). Retrieved 29 April 2022.
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