Shenzhen Metro

The Shenzhen Metro (simplified Chinese: 深圳地铁; traditional Chinese: 深圳地鐵; pinyin: Shēnzhèn Dìtiě) is the rapid transit system for the city of Shenzhen in Guangdong province, China. Extensions opened on 28 December 2022 put the network at 547.42 kilometres (340.15 miles) of trackage, operating on 16 lines with 369 stations.[6] Shenzhen Metro is the 4th longest metro system in China and 4th longest in the world as of that date despite having only opened on 28 December 2004. By 2035 the network is planned to comprise 8 express and 24 non-express lines totaling 1,142 kilometres (710 miles) of trackage.

Shenzhen Metro
Overview
LocaleShenzhen
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines16:
1 2 3 4 5 6 6B 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 16 20
Number of stations369[lower-alpha 1][1]
Daily ridership5.99 million (2021)[2]
8.4223 million (December 31, 2021 Record)[3]
Annual ridership1.8775 billion (2018)[4]
WebsiteSZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group)
MTR Corporation (Shenzhen) (Chinese only)
Operation
Began operation28 December 2004 (2004-12-28)
Operator(s)
Technical
System length547.42 km (340.15 mi)[5]
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge
Electrification1,500 V DC overhead catenary or third rail
Top speed
  • 80 km/h (50 mph) (Lines 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 16)
  • 90 km/h (56 mph) (Line 3)
  • 100 km/h (62 mph) (Line 6)
  • 120 km/h (75 mph) (Lines 11, 14, 20, Line 6 Branch)
System map

Shenzhen Metro
Simplified Chinese深圳地铁
Traditional Chinese深圳地鐵

Current system

Currently the network has 547.42 kilometres (340.15 miles) of route, operating on 16 lines with 369 stations.[7] Line 1, Line 4 and Line 10 run to the border crossings between the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region at Luohu/Lo Wu and Futian Checkpoint/Lok Ma Chau, where riders can transfer to Hong Kong's MTR East Rail line for travel onwards to Hong Kong.

The current network map
Line Terminals
(District)
Service patterns Commencement Latest
extension
Length
km
Stations Operator
011 Luohu
(Luohu)
Airport East
(Bao'an)
LuohuAirport East
Partial: LuohuZhuzilin
2004 2011 41.04 30
Shenzhen Metro Group
022 & 8 Chiwan
(Nanshan)
Yantian Road
(Yantian)
ChiwanYantian Road
Rush Hour: WanxiaLiantang
Partial: HouhaiLiantang
2010 2020 51.967[8] 38[lower-alpha 1]
033 Futian Bonded Area
(Futian)
Shuanglong
(Longgang)
Futian Bonded AreaShuanglong
Rush Hour: HuaxinTangkeng
Partial: Futian Bonded AreaTangkeng
2010 2020 43.65 31
044 Futian Checkpoint
(Futian)
Niuhu
(Longhua)
Futian CheckpointNiuhu
AM Rush Hour: Futian CheckpointXikeng
2004 2020 31.3[9] 23
MTR Corporation (Shenzhen)
055 Chiwan
(Nanshan)
Huangbeiling
(Luohu)
ChiwanHuangbeiling
Rush Hour: QianhaiwanHuangbeiling
Partial: ChanglingpiChiwan
ChanglingpiHuangbeiling
2011 2019 47.393[10] 34
Shenzhen Metro Group
066 Science Museum
(Futian)
Songgang
(Bao'an)
Science MuseumSonggang
Partial: SonggangFenghuang Town/Science MuseumFenghuang Town
2020 49.4[11] 27
6B

6B

Guangming
(Guangming)
SIAT
(Guangming)
GuangmingSIAT 2022 6.13 4
07

7

Xili Lake
(Nanshan)
Tai'an
(Luohu)
Xili LakeTai'an
Partial: Antuo HillTai'an/XiliTai'an
2016 30.173[12] 27
09

9

Qianwan
(Nanshan)
Wenjin
(Luohu)
QianwanWenjin
Partial: Shenzhen Bay ParkWenjin
2016 2019 36.18 32
10

10

Futian Checkpoint
(Futian)
Shuangyong Street
(Longgang)
Futian CheckpointShuangyong Street
Partial: Futian CheckpointGankeng
2020 29.3[11] 24
11

11

Gangxia North
(Futian)
Bitou
(Bao'an)
Gangxia NorthBitou
Partial: FutianBitou
2016 2022 53.14 19
12

12

Zuopaotai East
(Nanshan)
Waterlands Resort East
(Bao'an)
Zuopaotai EastWaterlands Resort East
Partial: Zuopaotai EastHuangtian
2022 40.54 33
14

14

Gangxia North
(Futian)
Shatian
(Pingshan)
Gangxia NorthShatian 2022 50.3 18
16

16

Universiade
(Longgang)
Tianxin
(Pingshan)
UniversiadeTianxin 2022 29.2 24
2020 Airport North
(Baoan)
Convention & Exhibition City
(Bao'an)
Airport NorthConvention & Exhibition City 2021 8.43 5
Total 547 369

Line 1

Line 1, formerly known as Luobao line, runs westward from Luohu to Airport East. Trains operate every 2 minutes during peak hours and every 4 minutes at other times. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 1's color is green.

Line 2

Line 2, formerly known as Shekou line, runs from Chiwan to Liantang. Line 2 is connected with Line 8 at Liantang station. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 2's color is orange, the same as Line 8.

Line 3

Yitian station of line 3

Line 3, formerly known as Longgang line, runs from Futian Bonded Area to Shuanlong in Longgang, in the north-east part of the city. Construction began on 26 December 2005.[15] The line is operated by Shenzhen Metro Line 3 Operations, which has been a subsidiary of SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group) since 11 April 2011 when an 80% stake was transferred to SZMC. Line 3's color is sky blue.

Line 4

Line 4, formerly known as Longhua line, runs northward from Futian Checkpoint to Niuhu. Trains operate every 2.5 minutes at peak hours and every 6 minutes during off-peak hours. Stations from Futian Checkpoint to Shangmeilin Station are underground. The line has been operated by MTR Corporation (Shenzhen), a subsidiary of MTR Corporation, since 1 July 2010. Line 4's color is red.

Line 5

Line 5, formerly known as Huanzhong line, runs from Chiwan in the west to Huangbeiling in the east. Construction began in May 2009 and the line opened on 22 June 2011.[17] Line 5 required a total investment of 20.6 billion RMB. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 5's color is purple.

Line 6

Line 6, formerly known as Guangming line, runs from Songgang in the north to Science Museum in the south, with a length of 49.4 km (30.7 mi) and a total of 27 stations. Construction began in August 2015 and the line opened on 18 August 2020. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 6's color is mint green.

Line 6 Branch

SIAT station of line 6B

Line 6 Branch, also known as Branch Line 6, runs from Guangming to SIAT in the north. The line opened on 28 November 2022. Line 6 Branch's color is teal.

Line 7

Line 7, formerly known as Xili line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on 28 October 2016, with a length of 30.137 km (18.726 mi)[12] and a total of 27 stations. It connects the Xili Lake to Tai'an. The line travels East–West across Shenzhen in a "V" shape. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 7's color is navy blue.

Line 8

Yantian Port West station of line 8

Line 8, formerly known as Yantian line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on 28 October 2020, with a length of 12.367 km (7.684 mi)[12] and a total of 7 stations. It connects the eastern suburbs of Liantang to Yantian Road. However, this line serves as the extension of Line 2 in actual operation. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 8's color is orange, the same as Line 2.

Line 9

Menghai station of line 9

Line 9, formerly known as Meilin line or Neihuan line of the Shenzhen Metro, opened on 28 October 2016. The line runs eastward from Qianwan to Wenjin. It has 10 transfer stations. The line is 36.18 km (22.48 mi) long, running through the districts of Nanshan, Futian and Luohu. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 9's color is grey brown.

Line 10

Huawei station of line 10

Line 10 formerly known as Bantian line, runs from Futian Checkpoint in the south to Shuangyong Street in the north, with a length of 29.3 km (18.2 mi) and a total of 24 stations. Construction began in September 2015 and the line opened on 18 August 2020. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 10's color is pink.

Line 11

Nanshan station of line 11

Line 11, also known as the Airport Express, runs from Bitou in the northwest to Gangxia North in the city centre via Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. Construction began in April 2012 and the line opened on 28 June 2016. Line 11 runs at a higher speed of 120 km/h (75 mph), however, the current line speed is limited to 80 km/h (50 mph). The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 11's color is maroon.

Line 12

Zhongwu South station of line 12

Line 12, also known as Nanbao Line, runs from Zuopaotai East in the southwest to Waterlands Resort East in the northwest. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on 28 November 2022. Line 12's color is light purple.

Line 14

Silian station of line 14

Line 14, also known as the Eastern Express, runs from Gangxia North in the city centre to Shatian in the northeast. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on 28 October 2022. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 14's color is yellow.

Line 16

Line 16, also known as Longping Line, runs from Universiade in the centre of Longgang to Tianxin in the northeast. Construction began in 2018 and the line opened on 28 December 2022. The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 16's color is dark blue.

Line 20

Line 20, formerly known as Fuyong line, runs from Airport North in the north-west to Convention & Exhibition City near Shenzhen World. Construction began in September 2016 and the line opened on 28 December 2021. Line 20 runs at the same top speed as line 11, at 120 km/h (75 mph). The line is operated by SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). Line 20's color is light blue.

  1. Liantang station is regarded as a non-interchange station

History

Evolution of the Shenzhen metro

Early planning

In late 1983, Party Secretary of Shenzhen Mayor Liang Xiang led a team to Singapore to study its mass transit system. Upon returning it was decided that 30 metres (98 ft 5 in) on each side of Shennan Avenue should be protected as a green belt, and to set aside a 16-metre (52 ft 6 in) wide median reserved for a light rail or light metro line.[19] In 1984, the "Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Master Plan (1985–2000)" pointed out that, with the growing population and traffic in Shenzhen, a light metro system would not have sufficient capacity to meet future demand. Instead the report proposed a heavy rail subway line to be built along Shennan Avenue.[20] The project was finally approved by the Central Planning Department in 1992.[21]

In August 1992, during and re-feasibility and rail network planning, The Shenzhen Municipal Government decided to move from building a light metro line to a heavy rail subway line. The rapid growth of Shenzhen City made a lower capacity light metro line impractical.[22] In 1994, Shenzhen organized the preparation of the "Shenzhen urban rail network master plan" to be incorporated into the "Shenzhen City Master Plan (1996–2010)".[23] The city's vision for an urban rail network would consists of nine lines. Of the nine transit lines, three of them would be commuter rail lines upgraded from existing national mainline railways. The total length of the proposed network would be about 270 km (170 mi). The three upgraded commuter rail lines would overlap the Guangzhou–Shenzhen railway, Pinghu–Nanshan railway and Pingyan railway.[23] This plan established the basic framework for the Shenzhen Metro network.[24]

Construction suspended and restarted

In December 1995, the State Council issued the "moratorium on approval of urban rapid transit projects" to suspend approval of rail transit projects in all Chinese cities except Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. The Shenzhen Metro project was postponed.[25] In 1996, prior to the handover of Hong Kong, authorities attempted to restart construction by renaming the project "The Luohu, Huanggang / Lok Ma Chau border crossing passenger rail connection project", stressing that the project is designed to meet the potential growing demand for cross-border passenger traffic after the handover.[23]

In 1997, Shenzhen reapplied its Subway plans to the State Planning Commission, and received approval in May 1998.[22] The project was renamed the "Shenzhen Metro first phase".[26] In July 1998, SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group). was formally established.[26] By April 1999, the subway project feasibility study report has been approved by the state.

Phase I (1998–2004)

Construction of the first sections of Line 1 and Line 4 began in 1999. The grand opening of the Shenzhen Metro system occurred at 5:00 pm on Tuesday, December 28, 2004. This made Shenzhen the seventh city in mainland China to have a subway after Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dalian and Wuhan.

Initially the trains operated at 15-minute frequencies and consisted of Line 1 services between Luohu and Shijie Zhi Chuang (now Window of the World) and the Line 4 services between Fumin and Shaonian Gong (now Children's Palace). Initially the English names of the stations were rendered in Hanyu Pinyin, but some of the names were changed to English translation with American spelling in mid-2011.

The Futian Checkpoint station opened on 28 June 2007 using the name Huanggang.[27]

Date Opened Line Termini Length
in km
Stations
28 December 2004
  Line 1
– phase 1
Luohu Window of the World 17.4 15
  Line 4
– phase 1 (initial section)
Fumin Children's Palace 3.4 4
28 June 2007
  Line 4
– phase 1 (extension)
Futian Checkpoint Fumin 1.1 1

Name changes

On April 23, 2008, Shenzhen Municipal Planning Bureau announced that it would change the nomenclature of Shenzhen's subway lines according to the "2007 Urban Rail Transit Plan Scheme". Instead of using numbers as the lines official designation, as typically used in other mainland Chinese metro systems, lines would be given Chinese names more akin to the Hong Kong MTR.[28] In 2010, the Scheme was reviewed and adjusted with new routes and names in addition to newly proposed lines. On 23 October 2013, the SZMC (Shenzhen Metro Group) decided that current operational lines will have their number and names combined, while future lines will only be numbered.[29] Due to the change in the construction order of several lines, some numerical names have been reviewed in order to prevent big jump between numbers. By 2016, only numerical names are used.

Lines currently in operation:

Original No. 2007 Scheme 2010 Scheme Current name
Line 1Luobao LineLuobao Line (Line 1) Line 1
Line 2Shekou LineShekou Line (Line 2) Line 2
Line 3Longgang LineLonggang Line (Line 3) Line 3
Line 4Longhua LineLonghua Line (Line 4) Line 4
Line 5Huanzhong LineHuanzhong Line (Line 5) Line 5
Line 7Xili LineXili Line (Line 7) Line 7
Line 9Neihuan LineMeilin Line (Line 9) Line 9
Line 11Airport LineAirport Line (Line 11) Line 11

Lines under construction:

Original No. 2007 Scheme 2010 Scheme Current Name
Line 8Yantian LineYantian Line (Line 8) Line 2 Extension (Line 8 Phase 1)
Line 16Pinghu LineBantian Line (Line 16/Line 10) Line 10
Line 10Bao'an LineNanbao Line (Line 10/Line 12) Line 12
Line 15Shiyan LineShiyan Line (Line 15/Line 13) Line 13
Line 14Eastern ExpressEastern Express (Line 14) Line 14
Line 12Pingshan LineLongping Line (Line 12/Line 16) Line 16
--Fuyong Line (Line 20) Line 20 (International Expo Conveyance Project)

Phase II (2007–2011)

From 2004 to 2007, there was a lack of official government interest and attention to expanding the subway after completion of Phase 1 with little or no active projects.[30] Subway construction speed was ridiculed as "earthworm speed".[31] On 17 January 2007 Shenzhen won the right to host the 2011 Universiade. In the bid Shenzhen committed to complete 155 km (96 mi) of subway lines before the games.[30] The mayor of Shenzhen at the time, Xu Zongheng, sharply criticized the speed and efficiency of Shenzhen's subway construction procedures and calls for reform.[32] Subsequently, the Shenzhen municipal government and various departments signed a liability form, requiring Phase II subway expansion to be completed in time for the Universiade.[33] Shenzhen Metro increased to over a hundred operating metro stations in June 2011, just before the Shenzhen Universiade games. In the span of two weeks, the network expanded from 64 km (40 mi) to 177 km (110 mi). This expansion increased rail transit's share of total public transit trips from 6% to 29% in 2014.[34][35][36][37]

Date Opened Line Termini Length
in km
Stations
28 September 2009
  Line 1
– phase 2 (trial)
Window of the World Shenzhen University 3.39 3
28 December 2010
  Line 2
– phase 1
Chiwan Window of the World 15.1 12
  Line 3
– phase 1 (elevated section)
Shuanglong Caopu 25.6 16
15 June 2011
  Line 1
– phase 2
Shenzhen University Airport East 23.6 12
16 June 2011
  Line 4
– phase 2 (first north extension)
Children's Palace Qinghu 15.9 10
22 June 2011
  Line 5
– phase 1
Qianhaiwan Huangbeiling 40.0 27
28 June 2011
  Line 2
– phase 2 (first east extension)
Window of the World Xinxiu 20.65 17
  Line 3
- phase 1 (underground section) & phase 2 (first south extension)
Caopu Yitian 16.52 14

Phase III (2012–2020)

In 2010, the Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Committee proposed a building program (Phase III) between 2011 and 2020. In 2011 this plan was approved by the NDRC. Phase III formally commenced in May 2011 with an expected cost of 125.6 billion yuan. It will cover Lines 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 and will extend the length of the Shenzhen Metro to 348 kilometres (216 mi) and 10 lines.[38][39] In June 2011, the Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Commission started gather public input on Phase III station names.[40] On June 28, 2016, Line 11 opened being the first subway line in Shenzhen with 8 car trains and 120 km/h (75 mph) maximum service speed and the first in China with a First Class service. Lines 7 and 9 followed on October 28, 2016. South extension of Line 5 opened on 28 September 2019 and west extension of Line 9 opened on 8 December 2019. Line 6 and Line 10 opened on 18 August 2020 bringing the length of the Shenzhen Metro to 382.1 km (237.4 mi) and the fourth longest in China. Second east extension of Line 2, second south extension of Line 3, second north extension of Line 4 and phase 1 of Line 8 opened on 28 October 2020 bringing the length of the Shenzhen Metro to 411 km (255 mi).

Date Opened Line Termini Length
in km
Stations
28 June 2016 – phase 1 Futian Bitou 51.936 18
28 October 2016
  Line 7
– phase 1
Tai'an Xili Lake 30.173 28
  Line 9
– phase 1
Wenjin Hongshuwan South 25.38 22
28 September 2019
  Line 5
– phase 2
Qianhaiwan Chiwan 7.65[41] 7
8 December 2019
  Line 9
– phase 2
Hongshuwan South Qianwan 10.79[42] 10
18 August 2020
  Line 6
– phase 1 & 2
Science Museum Songgang 49.4[43] 27
Futian Checkpoint Shuangyong Street 29.3[43] 24
28 October 2020
  Line 2
– phase 3 (second east extension)
Xinxiu Liantang 3.82 3
  Line 3
– phase 3 (second south extension)
Yitian Futian Bonded Area 1.5 1
  Line 4
– phase 3 (second north extension)
Qinghu Niuhu 10.791[44] 8
  Line 8 (through operation to Line 2)
– phase 1
Liantang Yantian Road 12.367[45] 7

Phase IV (2017–2024)

With the shortening of the Phase III implementation period,[46] a number of lines (Lines 16 and 12) planned in 2007's Phase III moved into the next phase.[47] By 2016, it was determined that Phase IV will have an implementation period between 2017 and 2022 and consist of 274 km (170 mi) of new subway.[48] Lines 13 and 14 which originally had a long term 2030 completion deadline were moved into Phase IV expansion. In addition, a branch line of Line 6 will connect with the neighboring Dongguan Rail Transit system.[49] Lines 12, 13, 14, and 16 and branch of Line 6 was approved by the NDRC in July 2017 and started construction in January 2018.[50][37]

Date Opened Line Termini Length
in km
Stations
28 October 2022 - phase 1 Gangxia North Shatian 50.3[37] 17[37]
28 November 2022 - phase 1 Guangming SIAT 6.13[37] 4[37]
- phase 1 Zuopaotai East Waterlands Resort East 40.54[37] 33[37]
28 December 2022 - phase 1 Universiade Tianxin 29.2[37] 24[37]

Phase IV revised expansion (2020–2025)

The first phase of Line 20 was fast tracked from Phase IV to provide a shuttle between Line 11 and a new International Convention Center, now called Convention & Exhibition City. The construction started in September 2016, but as for early 2019, the construction is paused because the Development and Reform Commission did not approve the project. The Phase IV revised plan approved by the NDRC on March 26, 2020, approved the first Phase of Line 20 allowing for construction to continue. The line eventually opened on 28 December 2021. Futian to Gangxia North in the first section of Phase 2 of Line 11 opened on 28 October 2022.

A map with fourth phase lines.


Date Opened Line Termini Length
in km
Stations
28 December 2021 - phase 1 Airport North Convention & Exhibition City 8.43 5
28 October 2022 - phase 2 (trial) Futian Gangxia North 1.6 1

Future expansion

Phase IV expansion

Expected opening Line Section Terminals Length
in km
Stations
2023-2024 13 Phase 1 Shenzhen Bay Checkpoint Shangwu 22.45 16

Phase IV Revised Expansion

The Phase IV revised plan approved by the NDRC on March 26, 2020, added a number of extension projects.[51]

Expected opening Line Section Terminals Length
in km
Stations
2024 7 Phase 2 Xili Lake Xuefu Hospital 2.45 2
13 Phase 2 Shangwu Gongming North 18.8 11
2025 3 Phase 4 Shuanglong Pingdi Liulian 9.35 7
6B South extension Guangmingcheng Guangming 4.9 3
8 Phase 3 Xiaomeisha Xichong 4.26 1
11 Phase 2 Gangxia North Hongling South 4.39 3
12 Phase 2 Waterlands Resort East Songgang 8.16 5
13 South extension Shenzhen Bay Checkpoint Dongjiaotou 4.47 3
16 Phase 2 Universiade Xikeng 9.53 8

Miscellaneous

Line 8 Phase 2 is part of Phase III expansion and Line 5 west extension is part of Phase II expansion.

Expected opening Line Section Terminals Length
in km
Stations Phase
2023 8 Phase 2 Yantian Road Xiaomeisha 8.025 4 III
2025 5 West extension Huangbeiling Grand Theater 2.87 3 II

Phase V (2023-2028)

In the Shenzhen Metro 2007 masterplan proposed four more lines (Lines 13, 14, 15 and 16) which have a planned completion target of 2030.[52] In 2016, all aforementioned lines but Line 15 were designated as part of the Phase IV expansion, moving the completion date forward from 2030 to 2022. In 2012, four further lines Qiannan (Line 17), Pinghu (Line 18), Pingshan (Line 19) and Fuyong (Line 20) where unveiled, making the total planned length of the Shenzhen Metro to 720 km (447 mi) spread out over 20 lines. The first phase of Line 20 was fast-tracked and included in the Phase III revised expansion with a completion date of 2018. This leaves Line 15, 17-19 and the rest of Line 20 available for the next phase (Phase V) of subway expansion. In September 2022, the Shenzhen municipal government confirmed the projects proposed to be included in its phase V expansion. A total of 227 km (141 mi) of new lines are proposed.[53]

On March 31, 2023, the Bureau of Housing and Urban Rural Development of Shenzhen Metro Municipality will open the bidding for the fifth phase planning of Shenzhen Metro Metro, including Line 15, Line 17 Phase I, Line 19 Phase I, Line 20 Phase II (Airport East—Baishizhou), Line 22 Phase I, Line 25 Phase I, Line 27 Phase I, Line 29 Phase I and Line 32 Phase I, This means that these 9 lines have been approved with an investment amount of 191.1 billion yuan. However, Line 18 Phase I, Line 21 Phase I, Line 10 East Extension (Shenzhen Section) and Metro Line 11 North Extension (Shenzhen Section), which were previously proposed to be included in the fifth phase plan of Shenzhen Metro, were not included in this announcement.[54]

In June 2023, the Fifth Phase Construction Plan of Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit (2023-2028) has been approved for a total of 11 construction projects, including Line 15, Line 17 Phase I, Line 19 Phase I, Line 20 Phase II (Airport East—Baishizhou), Line 22 Phase I, Line 25 Phase I, Line 27 Phase I, Line 29 Phase I, Line 32 Phase I, Line 10 East Extension (Shenzhen Section) and Metro Line 11 North Extension (Shenzhen Section).[55] On 28 June 2023, Shenzhen Metro Line 15 started construction. Other construction projects will start in 2023.

Line Section Terminals Length
in km
Stations
10 East extension Shuangyong Street Huanggekeng 9.8 (2.9 in Shenzhen) 5 (1)[lower-alpha 1]
11 North extension Bitou Chang'an 3.7 (0.8 in Shenzhen) 1 (0)[lower-alpha 2]
15 Loop Line 32.2 24
17 Phase 1 Luohu West Shanglilang 18.8 18
19 Phase 1 Nantangwei Julong 12.5 12
20 Phase 2 Airport North Baishizhou 24.9 11
22 Phase 1 Shangsha Liguang 34.2 21
 25  Phase 1 Shilong Jihua Hospital 16.2 14
 27  Phase 1 Songpingcun Gangtou West 23.2 19
 29  Phase 1 Hongshuwan South Xingdong 11.3 10
 32  Phase 1 Xichong Kuichong East 9.5 5
Total 196.3 140
  1. Only the connecting tunnel to the Dongguan boundary will be built, including the station reservation at Huanggekeng for future operation
  2. Only the connecting tunnel to the Dongguan boundary will be built, Chang'an is located in Dongguan so it will not be built

Long-term plan

Aside from the set masterplan, at the 12th Guangdong Provincial People's Congress in January 2014,[56] it was proposed to extend Line 4 beyond the planned Phase III terminus at the Songyuan Bus Terminal in Guanlan. The proposal wanted to further extend this line to reach the future planned Dongguan Metro Line 4 at Tangxia station. This proposal aims to shorten the distance between the two cities in residents' minds, boost tourism industries in both cities and expand housing options. It would also allow for direct connection between Hong Kong and Dongguan. As the area in the proposed area is less developed, the cost in building the line is expected to be lower, with a feasibility study yet to be conducted. In addition to metro lines, 5 Pearl River Delta Rapid Transit lines connecting neighboring urban centers in the Pearl River Delta such as Dongguan, Huizhou, Foshan and Guangzhou, totaling 146 km (91 mi), have also been revealed.[57] In 2016, an even more ambitious masterplan, expanding the previously planned 20 lines to 32, was unveiled. The new plan envisions a 1,142 km (710 mi) subway network to be completed by 2030. This will allow for travel between the central and suburban districts to be shortened to 45 minutes and for public transit to make up more than 70% of all motorized trips in Shenzhen.[58]

Ridership

Annual Ridership
Yearmillion riders±% p.a.
2005[59] 58    
2006[60] 90+55.17%
2007[61] 118+31.11%
2008[62] 136+15.25%
2009[63] 138+1.47%
2010[64] 163+18.12%
2011[65] 460+182.21%
2012[66] 781+69.78%
2013[67] 914+17.03%
2014[34]1,037+13.46%
2015[68] 1,122+8.20%
2016[69]1,297+15.60%
2017[70] 1,654+27.53%
2018[71] 1,878+13.54%
20192,018+7.45%
20201,623−19.57%
20212,178+34.20%
20221,751−19.61%

Since the opening of the first phase in 2004, there has been a steady growth in passenger traffic. In 2009 and 2010, passenger traffic soared with major openings of new phase 2 lines, with a three-fold increase in passenger traffic in 2010.[72] On 12 July 2019 it set a new record for its peak ridership at 6.63 million.[2]

July is the busiest month of the year for the Shenzhen Metro, accounting for 9.3% of annual passenger traffic, while January is the least busy month, accounting for only 6.7%. This is caused by Shenzhen's large migrant worker population.[73]

Fares and tickets

Metro rides are priced according to distance travelled, and fares vary from 2 RMB to 14 RMB.[74] Since December 2010 fares are based on a usage fee (2 RMB) + a distance fee. The distance fee is 1 RMB for each 4 km (2.5 mi) from 4 km (2.5 mi) to 12 km (7.5 mi); after that 1 RMB for each 6 km (3.7 mi) from 12 km (7.5 mi) to 24 km (15 mi) and finally 1 RMB for every 8 km (5.0 mi) over 24 km (15 mi) distance.[75] For passengers who wish to ride on business coach in line 11, they have to pay 3 times the amount of price that calculated by the regulations above.

Distance (km)Fares (RMB)[76]
0~121+1/per 4 km (2.5 mi)
12~245+1/per 6 km (3.7 mi)
over 247+1/per 8 km (5.0 mi)

Children under the height of 120 cm (3 ft 11 in) or aged below 6 may ride for free when accompanied by an adult.[77] The metro also offers free rides to senior citizens over the age of 65, the physically disabled and military personnel. Tickets for children between 120 cm (3 ft 11 in) and 150 cm (4 ft 11 in), or aged between 6 and 14 years, or middle school students, are half priced.

Metro fares can be paid for with single-ride tokens, multiple-ride Shenzhen Tong cards or 1- day passes.[78]

Tokens

Shenzhen Metro RFID Token

When using cash, a RFID token (NXP Mifare Classic) is purchased and used for a single, non-returnable journey. There are two different types of tokens, with green tokens for Standard Class, and yellow tokens used for Business Class which is only available on Line 11. All ticket vending machines offer both English and Chinese interface. The purchaser touches a station name to calculate the fare. After payment, a green token is dispensed, which must be scanned at the entrance station and deposited at the exit station. A penalty applies should a token be lost. Purchasers of green tokens cannot ride Business Class on Line 11 directly. Instead, they must get off at any transfer stations with Line 11 and purchase a separate yellow token.

Note that as of 2015, many machines accept only 5 or 10 RMB notes. The token(s) are only valid at the station where issued. Passengers are unable to buy an extra token for return journey prior to departure. Baggage X-Ray machines are located at each station, and may be staffed during peak hours.

Shenzhen Tong cards

Shenzhen Tong is a pre-paid currency card similar to Oyster Card system in London and the Octopus card system used in Hong Kong. The multiple fare card stores credit purchased at stations. The card can be used by waving it in front of the card reader located at all entrances and exits to the subway system. Riders who pay for metro fare with a card receive a 5% discount. Since 1 March 2008, riders who pay for a bus fare with a card and then a subway fare within 90 minutes receive an additional 0.4 RMB discount on the subway fare. Card users pay a distance based fare.

Since 30 June 2011, cards containing both a Shenzhen Tong and Hong Kong Octopus chip have been available in both Shenzhen and Hong Kong. There are plans to further integrate the two systems, and for a new card which will be accepted all over Guangdong province and China's two SARs.[79][80]

Unlike Hong Kong Octopus Cards, Shenzhen Tong cards cannot be sold back to the stations or have faults dealt with by SZMC. Instead, the customer must go to the offices of Shenzhen Tong. Students studying in Shenzhen can use the Shenzhen Tong to receive a 50% discount.

Note that discounts are not applicable for people who ride Business Class carriages on Line 11.

Metro cards can also be used on Shenzhen's public bus system.

Metro 1-day passes

Metro 1-day pass is a smart card that allowed the card holder have unlimited access of the metro system in 24 continuous hours. Passengers can purchase a 1-day pass for RMB 25 in the service center in any metro station. The pass will be activated and the passenger will have 24 continuous hour for unlimited access after the first entrance. When the pass expired, the pass is no longer available for entering a station but able to exiting a station and finish a journey in 27.5 hours. The 1-day passes are not applicable for Business Class carriages on Line 11.

Station facilities, amenities and services

Some stations have toilets (free of charge), and public telephones. SZMC also operates luggage storage facilities in the concourse above Luohu Station. Mobile phone service is available throughout the system provided by China Mobile, China Telecom, and China Unicom.[81]

Like the Hong Kong MTR, Guangzhou, and Foshan metros, station announcements are in Mandarin, Cantonese and English. Some announcements, such as train arrival, are in Mandarin and English only. Cantonese, an important local language, is chosen for the local Cantonese population as well as Cantonese speakers in Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau.

The stations of Line 6 and Line 10 are the first metro stations in China to have 5G coverage.[82]

Equipment

Bombardier rolling stock on Line 1
CRRC Nanjing Puzhen rolling stock on Line 4
CRRC Zhuzhou rolling stock on Line 11 (Business Class)

Line 1

Line 2

Line 3

Line 4

Line 5

Line 6

Line 6 Branch

Line 7

Line 8

  • 24 Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Works Type A 6-car sets, traction units by CRRC Times Electric (258–281[801–824])

Line 9

Line 10

Line 11

Line 12

Line 14

Line 16

Line 20

Signalling system

On Line 1 and Line 4, Siemens supplied 7 (Phase 1) and 6 (Phase 2) LZB 700 M continuous automatic control systems; 7 (Phase 1) and 6 (Phase 2) electronic Sicas ESTT interlockings; the Vicos OC 501 operations control system with 2 operations control centers, fall-back level with Vicos OC 101 and RTU (FEP), 230 (Phase 1) and 240 (Phase 2) FTG S track vacancy detection units.[83]

Line 2 and Line 5 use Casco CBTC system with 2.4 GHz frequencies, and so the system has suffered frequent problems with interference from consumer Wi-Fi equipment.[84] By the end of November 2012, CASCO solved the problem on Lines 2 and 5 by switching to their standard solution with frequency diversity on 2 different channels.

Accidents and incidents

  • 4 April 2011 – One worker was killed and four others injured on April 4 when a manually controlled chain hoist broke loose in a Line 5 tunnel in Longgang district. A preliminary investigation by district safety authorities found mechanical failure was to blame.[85]
  • 5 September 2012 – Service was suspended on Line 4 for several hours due to power outage.[86]
  • 9 September 2013 – Three passengers abandoned in Line 1 tunnel after train door opens.[87]
  • 17 February 2014 – Passenger passes out at Shuiwan station on Line 2 and dies after no help or CPR is provided for 50 minutes.[88]
  • 25 June 2015 – Worker killed during tunnel collapse in Line 7 construction.[89]
  • 19 April 2017 – Scaffolding for a metro station collapsed during the construction of the Line 8 on Yantian Rd, killing a worker and injuring three.[90]
  • 11 May 2017 – During the construction of the extension of Line 3 heavy rains caused a partial cave in at an excavation pit for a station on the southern extension of Line 3, killing 2 workers and injuring another.[91]
  • 30 October 2017 – A section of Line 9 tunnel near Shenzhen Bay Park station was damaged by unauthorized community drilling works above ground. While the damage was soon repaired, the line continued to operate at a lowered safety speed of 45 km/h for a week.[92]
  • 6 December 2017 – Unauthorized drilling works for an adjacent bouldering site damaged the tunnel between Houhai and Hongshuwan South station of Line 11, causing sections of tunnel to make contact with a train and the driver to sustain minor injuries. The service of the line was disrupted for 12 hours while the line operated on modified routes, until the damage was fully repaired.[93]
  • 23 December 2017 – A Line 11 train killed a suicidal man lying on the rails between Bihaiwan and Airport, disrupting the service for 80 minutes.[94]
  • 5–7 July 2018 – Over a span of three days, at least seven incidents occurred, where power cables were accidentally cut at various construction sites of Shenzhen Metro, causing blackouts in large areas.[95]
  • 10 July 2018 – During the construction of Line 10, workers accidentally dug up the pipes of Shenzhen Buji Water Supply Co., Ltd., disrupting water distribution system. The Shenzhen Economic and Information Commission warned and penalized the contractor responsible.[96]
  • 9–12 April 2020 – Service between Futian and Xinxiu on Line 2 was suspended due to geographic movement caused by the construction of Line 14.[97]

Network Map

Connections

Pingshan Center station on Line 14 connects to Line 1 of the Pingshan Shyshuttle. This 8.5 km monorail line opened on 28 December 2022 with 11 stations, all in Pingshan district. Two of the stations will eventually connect to Line 16 stations.

See also

References

  1. "Shenzhen Metro". exploremetro. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
  2. "深圳市轨道交通线网密度全国第一 公共交通客运分担率超60%". 粤港澳大湾区门户网. April 1, 2022.
  3. "创历史新高!跨年夜,深圳市地铁全网总客运量达842.23万人次".
  4. "创历史新高!21日深圳地铁总客流量达646.9万人次". stnn.cc. July 21, 2018.
  5. "深圳地铁16号线28日开通运营 城市轨道交通线网规模达559公里". =16号线开通。至此,深圳地铁全网里程达547公里,车站369座。
  6. "深圳地铁16号线今日开通运营".
  7. "深圳地铁16号线今日开通运营". www.163.com. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
  8. "深圳地铁8号线开始铺设轨道,盐田2020年进入地铁时代_深圳新闻网".
  9. "开通倒计时!4 号线三期工程试运行紧锣密鼓进行全线行车组织、服务时间、车厢温度同步优化调整" (PDF).
  10. "约起!深圳地铁5号线二期9月28日开通". 5号线运营总里程将延长至47.393公里
  11. "刚刚,深圳地铁6号线10号线正式开通!你要先打卡哪条线?". August 18, 2020.
  12. "深圳地铁7、9号线试运营 轨道网络规模居国内第三". October 28, 2016.
  13. Shenzhen Metro Line 1, from Luohu to Airport East was put into a trial operation
  14. photo of ongoing construction in Shekou Archived September 25, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  15. (Chinese) Wang, Xiaoqing (王晓晴) and Qiu, Gang (邱刚), "深圳地铁3号线动工 2009年建成通车" southcn.com December 27, 2005
  16. (Chinese) 深圳地铁3号线规划线路图 August 21, 2008
  17. (Chinese) Wang, Xiaoqing (王晓晴) "深圳地铁5号线全面开工" Xinhua September 19, 2008
  18. Colston, Paul (January 6, 2022). "Shenzhen World now connected by Metro Line 20". Exhibition World. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
  19. 彭森 (August 21, 2005). "从7米到140米——深南大道的宽度之谜" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳晚报.
  20. 深圳经济特区总体规划简介[J]. 城市规划,1986,06:9–14.
  21. 深圳市地铁有限公司 (2007). 深圳地铁一期工程建设与管理实践.上册 (in Simplified Chinese). 北京: 人民交通出版社. ISBN 978-7-114-06262-9.
  22. "深圳地铁十年始获"出生证"" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳新闻网. June 22, 2011.
  23. 张家识 (1999). "深圳地铁一期工程建设前期工作回顾". In 陈锡贤 (ed.). 地下铁道文集:中国土木工程学会隧道及地下工程分会地下铁道专业委员会第十三届学术交流会论文选 (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳: 海天出版社. ISBN 7-80615-959-2.
  24. "深圳地铁网络框架15年前基本敲定" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳特区报. June 25, 2011. Archived from the original on September 14, 2014.
  25. "深圳地铁"十年怀胎"终圆梦". 深圳特区报. April 10, 2010. Archived from the original on January 6, 2016.
  26. "深圳地鐵一期工程主要里程碑時間" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳新闻网. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015.
  27. "深圳地铁皇岗站正式开通" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved July 1, 2007.
  28. "關於我市近期建設地鐵線路及站點命名的通告" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on March 27, 2013. Retrieved November 22, 2012.
  29. "New Line Naming Scheme". Shenzhen Metro Group Official Weibo. Shenzhen Metro Group. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  30. "地铁不如期完工,我主动请求处分". 南方日报. February 1, 2007.
  31. "网友声讨"进度慢",市长强调"拖不起",地铁建设"蚯蚓速度"". 南方日报. January 19, 2007.
  32. ""地铁不如期完工,我主动请求处分"_新闻中心_新浪网". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  33. "2011年5地铁贯通深圳-搜狐新闻". news.sohu.com. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  34. "2014年度全市交通运输运营主要概况及分析" (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved January 16, 2015.
  35. ""【深圳】2011年地铁达177公里 长过香港地铁" 星岛网讯" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on September 23, 2013.
  36. SZMC, Curstomer Service Center. "Shenzhen metro - Update - August 2017". www.szmc.net. SZMC. Retrieved August 29, 2017.
  37. L_104026. "深圳5条地铁线路同时开工 2022年底建成通车--深圳频道--人民网". sz.people.com.cn. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
  38. "City to spend 48b yuan on 3 Metro lines". Shenzhen Daily. Retrieved July 28, 2012.
  39. "The Shenzhen urban rail transportation recent construction plan approval (2011–2016)". National Development and Reform Commission. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  40. "Public notice (draft)". Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Committee. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  41. "历经四年多的建设 地铁5号线二期工程今年9月底正式开通!". June 17, 2019.
  42. "深圳地铁5号线南延线和9号线西延线具备通车条件啦!". November 21, 2018.
  43. "刚刚,深圳地铁6号线10号线正式开通!你要先打卡哪条线?". August 18, 2020.
  44. "地铁4号线北延线明年年底通车 清湖至松元厦区间隧道提前贯通". June 22, 2019.
  45. "深圳地铁8号线开始铺设轨道,盐田2020年进入地铁时代". August 1, 2019.
  46. "未来五年深圳再建五条地铁". 南方都市报. Archived from the original on December 3, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  47. "轨道交通近期建设规划方案". Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Committee. Archived from the original on November 29, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  48. "查看项目公示-深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心". www.sutpc.com. Archived from the original on April 23, 2015.
  49. "深圳地铁四期规划来了!新增5条线,与东莞地铁对接方案出炉 - 市场 -深圳乐居网". sz.house.sina.com.cn. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  50. "国家发展改革委关于深圳市城市轨道交通第四期建设规划(2017-2022年)的批复". July 7, 2017.
  51. "国家发展改革委关于调整深圳市城市轨道交通第四期建设规划方案的批复". March 26, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
  52. "轨道线网规划方案". Shenzhen Urban Planning and Land Resources Committee. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  53. "深圳市城市轨道交通第五期建设规划(2023-2028年)环境影响评价第二次公示-通知公告-深圳市发展和改革委员会网站". fgw.sz.gov.cn. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
  54. "深圳地铁五期9条线路公示!". www.thepaper.cn. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
  55. "深圳轨道交通五期开建 两条延伸至东莞 预计2028年全部建成通车". www.sznews.com. Retrieved June 27, 2023.
  56. "Dongguan Metro connection called for". Shenzhen Daily. Retrieved January 22, 2014.
  57. "Four more Metro lines planned". Shenzhen Daily. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
  58. "关于地铁2号线东延线、地铁3号线西延线线站位初步方案" (PDF).
  59. 深圳市统计局. "2005年度12月份深圳统计月报:运输邮电:地铁客流量1-12月累计" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on January 25, 2013.
  60. 深圳市统计局 (December 2, 2008). "深圳市2006年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese).
  61. 深圳市统计局 (December 2, 2008). "深圳市2007年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese).
  62. 深圳市统计局 (March 24, 2009). "深圳市2008年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese).
  63. 深圳市统计局 (April 27, 2010). "深圳市2009年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese).
  64. 深圳市统计局 (April 28, 2011). "深圳市2010年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese).
  65. 深圳市统计局. "2011年度12月份深圳统计月报:运输邮电:地铁客流量1-12月累计" (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on December 4, 2012.
  66. "深圳地铁客流量 去年猛增近七成" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳商报. January 10, 2013. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016.
  67. "深圳市2013年国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳市统计局. April 8, 2014.
  68. 深圳市交通运输委员会 (January 19, 2016). "2015年12月交通运输运营指标统计月报".
  69. "2016年交通运输运营指标统计年报" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳市交通运输委员会. February 6, 2017. Archived from the original on February 11, 2017.
  70. "2017年交通运输运营指标统计年报" (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳市交通运输委员会. January 23, 2018.
  71. 2018年12月交通运输运营指标统计月报 (in Simplified Chinese). 深圳市交通运输委员会. January 18, 2019.
  72. 杨丽,杨德明 (2012). "深圳市城市轨道交通网络化客流变化研究". 现代城市轨道交通 (in Simplified Chinese). 6.
  73. 陈煜 (2011). "深圳地铁运营对轨道交通客流预测的启示". 铁道工程学报 (in Simplified Chinese). 8.
  74. (Chinese) fare information
  75. New Metro fares announced
  76. Business coach fears is three times as matching normal coach fears.
  77. (Chinese) SZMC fare policy
  78. types of tickets
  79. One smartcard to rule them all: Guangdong, HK team up to offer unified travel card | The Nanfang
  80. Guangdong and Hong Kong Linked by One Transportation Card _Life of Guangzhou
  81. "features". southcn.com. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
  82. "官方回应深圳一地铁站命名华为:报批时并未禁止企业名命名" [Official response to the naming of a Shenzhen subway station: Huawei was not prohibited from naming the company]. August 26, 2020.
  83. "Metro Lines 1 and 4, Shenzhen, China". Archived from the original on February 4, 2009. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
  84. "Pocket Wi-Fi hotspots paralyse Chinese metro lines."
  85. "Accidents on Metro expansion hurt Shenzhen". South China Morning Post. April 23, 2011. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  86. Ruixi, Zhao (September 7, 2012). "深圳地铁发生史上最严重事故 龙华线断电6小时". people.com.cn. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  87. "Passengers abandoned in Shenzhen metro tunnel after train door opens". South China Morning Post. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  88. "外企女经理地铁口晕倒后死亡 卧地长达50分钟". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  89. "Shenzhen Metro Tunnel Collapses... for the 4th Time This Year | The Nanfang". The Nanfang. June 26, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  90. "深圳在建地铁倒塌1死3伤 乘坐地铁前这一点你不能不知". JRJ.com. April 20, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  91. "深圳地铁工地发生坍塌事故 2人遇难1人被困". Sina.com. May 11, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  92. "深圳地铁9号线隧道被打穿 目前已限速". SZNews.com. October 30, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  93. "解读 这是什么鬼?深圳地铁隧道竟被凿穿,罪魁祸首竟然是它!". Sohu. December 6, 2017. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
  94. "深圳地铁碾压事件:1人身亡死者翻越护栏俯卧轨道被碾_新闻频道_中华网". china.com. December 24, 2017. Retrieved April 1, 2018.
  95. "施工3天挖断7根电缆 深圳地铁:已对施工单位顶格处罚". CNR. July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
  96. "深圳地铁施工三天挖断七条电缆 又挖爆供水主管道". Zaobao. July 12, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
  97. "深圳地铁2号线遇地质突变 部分站点临时停运-中新网". www.chinanews.com. Retrieved April 13, 2020.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.