Neotheropoda

Neotheropods; Temporal range: ; Late Triassic–Present,
	Cast of a Coelophysis bauri skeleton
	A female house sparrow (Passer domesticus)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	Saurischia
Clade:	Theropoda
Clade:	Neotheropoda; Bakker, 1986
Subgroups
	†Cryolophosaurus; †Dilophosaurus; †Dracovenator; †Liliensternus; †Lophostropheus; †Notatesseraeraptor; †Sarcosaurus; †Shuangbaisaurus; †Sinosaurus; †Szechuanosaurus?; †Tachiraptor; †Velocipes?; †Wakinosaurus; †Zupaysaurus; †Coelophysoidea; Averostra;
Synonyms
	Avepoda Paul, 2002; Eutheropoda Novas, Haro & Canale, 2003;

Neotheropoda (meaning "new theropods") is a clade that includes coelophysoids and more advanced theropod dinosaurs, and is the only group of theropods that survived the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event. All neotheropods became extinct by the end of the Early Jurassic except for Averostra.

Classification

Neotheropoda was named by Robert T. Bakker in 1986 as a group including the relatively derived theropod subgroups Ceratosauria and Tetanurae, and excluding coelophysoids.[1] However, most later researchers have used it to denote a broader group. Neotheropoda was first defined as a clade by Paul Sereno in 1998 as Coelophysis plus modern birds, which includes almost all theropods except the most primitive species.[2] Dilophosauridae was formerly considered a small clade within Neotheropoda, but was later considered to be paraphyletic.[3]

The following family tree illustrates a synthesis of the relationships of the early theropod groups compiled by Hendrickx et al. in 2015.[4]

Tawa

Neotheropoda

	Ceratosauria

	Tetanurae

This second cladogram is based on the redescription of Dilophosaurus by Marsh and Rowe (2020).[3]

Theropoda

	Staurikosaurus

	Herrerasaurus

	Tawa

	Chindesaurus

Eodromaeus

Neotheropoda

	Lepidus

	Liliensternus

Coelophysoidea

Zupaysaurus

Cryolophosaurus

	Dilophosaurus

	Averostra

This third cladogram is based on the larger analysis in the description of Pendraig milnerae by Spiekman et al. 2021:[5]

Theropoda

Eodromaeus

Lepidus

Neotheropoda

	Syntarsus kayentakatae

	Coelophysidae

	Liliensternus

	Dracoraptor

	Tachiraptor

	Averostra

References

Bakker, R.T. 1986. The Dinosaur Heresies. William Morrow, New York. 481 pp.
Sereno, 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 210, 41-83.
Marsh, Adam D.; Rowe, Timothy B. (2020). "A comprehensive anatomical and phylogenetic evaluation of Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda) with descriptions of new specimens from the Kayenta Formation of northern Arizona". Journal of Paleontology. 94: 1–103. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.14. S2CID 220601744.
Hendrickx, C., Hartman, S.A., & Mateus, O. (2015). An Overview of Non- Avian Theropod Discoveries and Classification. PalArch’s Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology, 12(1): 1-73.
Spiekman SN, Ezcurra MD, Butler RJ, Fraser NC, Maidment SC (2021). "Pendraig milnerae, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (10): Article ID 210915. doi:10.1098/rsos.210915. PMC 8493203. PMID 34754500.

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[1] Bakker, R.T. 1986. The Dinosaur Heresies. William Morrow, New York. 481 pp.

[2] Sereno, 1998. A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 210, 41-83.

[:0-3] Marsh, Adam D.; Rowe, Timothy B. (2020). "A comprehensive anatomical and phylogenetic evaluation of Dilophosaurus wetherilli (Dinosauria, Theropoda) with descriptions of new specimens from the Kayenta Formation of northern Arizona". Journal of Paleontology. 94: 1–103. doi:10.1017/jpa.2020.14. S2CID 220601744.

[theropodphylogeny2015-4] Hendrickx, C., Hartman, S.A., & Mateus, O. (2015). An Overview of Non- Avian Theropod Discoveries and Classification. PalArch’s Journal of Vertebrate Palaeontology, 12(1): 1-73.

[:Pendraig-5] Spiekman SN, Ezcurra MD, Butler RJ, Fraser NC, Maidment SC (2021). "Pendraig milnerae, a new small-sized coelophysoid theropod from the Late Triassic of Wales". Royal Society Open Science. 8 (10): Article ID 210915. doi:10.1098/rsos.210915. PMC 8493203. PMID 34754500.