Sambar (dish)

According to food historian K. T. Achaya, the earliest extant mention of sambar in literature can be dated to the 17th century in Tamil Nadu.[3]

The word sambar (சாம்பார்) stems from the Tamil word champāram (சம்பாரம்).[4]

A Tamil inscription of 1530 CE,[5][6] shows the use of the word champāram in the sense of meaning a dish of rice accompanying other rice dishes or spice ingredients with which a dish of vegetable rice is cooked:

அமுதுபடி கறியமுது பல சம்பாரம் நெய்யமுதுள்ப்பட தளிகை ஒன்றுக்கு பணம் ஒன்றாக

Amutupaṭi kaṟiyamutu pala campāram neyyamutuḷppaṭa taḷikai oṉṟukku paṇam oṉṟāka.

Cooked rice offerings, including curry rice (pepper rice or vegetable rice), many types of spiced rice (pala champaaram) and ghee rice, at the rate of one pa’nam (a denomination of money) per one portion.

Another story about the origin of sambar states that the recipe for sambar can be traced to Maratha ruler Chhatrapati Sambhaji Raje Bhonsale who attempted to make dal for himself when his head chef was away. He loved his own concoction which was then referred to as 'Sambar'. [7] [8] [9]

Sambar is variously called thizone chinyay hin (သီးစုံချဉ်ရည်ဟင်း; lit. 'assorted vegetables sour soup'), thizone pe kala hin (သီးစုံပဲကလားဟင်း, lit. 'assorted vegetables chickpea soup'), or derivatives like thizone hin or pe kala hin in the Burmese language. The Burmese version incorporates dried salted fish and a variety of vegetables including eggplants, okra, moringa, gourd, green beans, and potatoes in a soup base of pureed chickpeas, which is seasoned with ripe tamarind, curry leaf, pyindawthein leaf, masala, cumin, chilies, onions and garlic.[2][10] In southern states of India namely Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamilnadu, Sambar is made using different vegetables, fruits along with lentils or coconut. Each region has its own version of making sambar even though same vegetables is used, the condiments and ingredients and the way of making differ regionwise.[11] In Tulu speaking areas of coastal Karnataka coconut is predominantly used to prepare Koddel(Sambar).The grated coconut is ground with spices to form a paste which is added to vegetables boiled.[12]