St. Julien Mountain

St. Julien Mountain is a 3,090-metre (10,138 ft) mountain summit located in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada. It is situated on the British Columbia-Alberta border, as well as the Continental Divide, and the west boundary of Banff National Park. Neighbors include Mount Forbes 6.4 km (4.0 mi) to the east-northeast, Valenciennes Mountain 2.8 km (1.7 mi) to the south, and Icefall Peak is 12 km (7.5 mi) to the west.

St. Julien Mountain
West-northwest aspect in winter
Highest point
Elevation3,090 m (10,140 ft)[1][2]
Prominence400 ft (120 m)[3]
Parent peakMessines Mountain[3]
Isolation0.77 mi (1.24 km)[3]
Listing
Coordinates51°50′13″N 117°00′33″W[4]
Geography
St. Julien Mountain is located in Alberta
St. Julien Mountain
St. Julien Mountain
Location on Alberta-BC border
St. Julien Mountain is located in British Columbia
St. Julien Mountain
St. Julien Mountain
St. Julien Mountain (British Columbia)
CountryCanada
ProvincesAlberta and British Columbia
Protected areaBanff National Park
Parent rangePark Ranges ← Canadian Rockies
Topo mapNTS 82N14 Rostrum Peak[4]
Geology
Age of rockCambrian
Type of rockSedimentary rock
Climbing
First ascent1930
Easiest routeMountaineering

History
Memorial to Canadian troops at St. Julien

The mountain's toponym was proposed in 1919 by Arthur Oliver Wheeler to commemorate the hamlet of St. Julien, Belgium, where Canadian troops gallantly fought the Battle of St. Julien in 1915 during World War I.[5] The battle was the first mass use by Germany of poison gas on the Western Front. It also marked the first time a former colonial force (the 1st Canadian Division) defeated a European power (the German Empire) in Europe. The toponym was officially adopted in 1920 when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.[4] The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1930 by D. Duncan and A. F. Megrew.[6]

Geology

St. Julien Mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.[7] Precipitation runoff drains into Mons Creek from the south slope, eventually reaching the Columbia River, and Forbes Creek from the north, a tributary of Howse River.

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, St. Julien Mountain is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers.[8] Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C. This climate supports the Mons Icefield to the immediate north.

See also
St. Julien Mountain (left) and Valenciennes Mountain (right)

References
  1. Robert Kruszyna, William Lowell Putnam, The Rocky Mountains of Canada, North, 1985, Publisher: American Alpine Club, page 62.
  2. Glen W. Boles, William Lowell Putnam, Roger W. Laurilla, Canadian Mountain Place Names The Rockies and Columbia Mountains, 2006, Rocky Mountain Books, ISBN 9781894765794, page 219.
  3. "Saint Julien Mountain AB, BC - 10,144'". Lists of John. Retrieved 2021-04-04.
  4. "St. Julien Mountain". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 2021-04-04.
  5. "St. Julien Mountain". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved 2021-04-04.
  6. "St. Julien Mountain". cdnrockiesdatabases.ca. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  7. Gadd, Ben (2008), Geology of the Rocky Mountains and Columbias
  8. Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644. ISSN 1027-5606.
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