Tourism in Uzbekistan

Today, the museums of Uzbekistan store over two million artifacts, evidence of the unique historical, cultural, and spiritual life of the Central Asian peoples that have lived in the region.

The Statistical Internet Survey conducted between May 7 and August 27, 2008, found that the majority of those surveyed (39%) visit Uzbekistan due to their fascination with its architectural and historical sites. The next-largest group (24%) visited Uzbekistan to observe its culture, way of life, and customs. [1]

Tourist activities in Uzbekistan range from outdoor activities, such as rock-climbing, to exploration of its rich archeological and religious history.

In 2019, 6.75 million tourists visited Uzbekistan. The industry earned a total of $1.68 billion.[2] The tourism industry has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, with both tourist numbers and revenue dropping heavily.[3] Each autumn, the Uzbek travel industry holds an International Tourism Fair.[4]

Uzbekistan is located on the Great Silk Road and many neighboring countries (including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) promote their countries based on their location along the Great Silk Road.

The World Tourism Organization's Silk Road Office was opened in 2004 in Samarkand. This office was commissioned to coordinate the efforts of international organisations and national tourism offices of countries located on the Silk Road. Uzbekistan is a member of The Region Initiative (TRI), which is an umbrella organization for tourism-related entities across three regions. TRI functions as a link between three regions----South Asia, Central Asia, Caucasus and Eastern Europe which is also by Armenia, Bangladesh, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Tajikistan, Russia, Sri Lanka, Turkey and Ukraine.[5]

Visitors by countries

Visitors arriving to Uzbekistan were from the following countries of nationality:

Nationality2019[6]2018[7]2017[8]2016[9]2015[10]2014[11]
 KazakhstanDecrease 2,261,094Increase 2,456,866Increase 1,783,815Increase 1,412,161Increase 1,285,0081,163,984
 TajikistanDecrease 1,473,684Increase 1,700,658Increase 261,861Decrease 213,692Decrease 246,816291,167
 KyrgyzstanIncrease 1,454,907Increase 1,101,477Increase 375,017Increase 174, 845Increase 146,332119,620
 TurkmenistanIncrease 574,795Increase 245,756Increase 62,483Decrease 49,526Increase 55,06044,925
 RussiaDecrease 455,470Increase 460,166Increase 143,900Decrease 119,049Decrease 123,153124,218
 TurkeyDecrease 63,539Increase 74,802Increase 55,238Increase 46,069Decrease 40,38940,563
 AfghanistanDecrease 62,580Increase 71,067Increase 32,130Increase 24,365Increase 21,99521,249
 ChinaIncrease 54,293Increase 37,083Increase 19,749Increase 16,765Increase 16,44114,818
 South KoreaIncrease 35,524Decrease 32,700Increase 37,357Increase 31,936Decrease 30,48933,323
 IndiaIncrease 27,898Increase 22,198Decrease 15,829Decrease 18,746Decrease 19,82721,707
 GermanyIncrease 27,625Increase 19,056Increase 7,811Increase 6,605Decrease 6,1228,041
 JapanIncrease 24,944Increase 17,237Increase 4,086Increase 3,012Decrease 2,3062,423
 FranceIncrease 20,390Increase 14,195Increase 5,748Increase 4,889Decrease 3,6706,019
 ItalyIncrease 20,356Increase 14,156Increase 5,162Increase 3,057Decrease 2,6013,520
 USAIncrease 17,106Increase 12,723Increase 1,525Decrease 1,349Decrease 1,3671,454
 United KingdomIncrease 15,962Increase 8,941Increase 3,256Increase 2,217Increase 1,9592,043
 UkraineDecrease 14,041Increase 15,573Increase 735Decrease 664Decrease 2,4314,763
 IsraelIncrease 13,615Increase 10,022Increase 4,155Decrease 3,564Increase 3,7383,414
 IranIncrease 13,469Increase 10,573Decrease 3,058Decrease 5,541Decrease 6,6548,445
 AzerbaijanIncrease 12,367Increase 11,161Increase 4,312Decrease 2,989Decrease 3,3683,878
 SpainIncrease 12,191Increase 7,745Increase 449Increase 353Decrease 2391,552
 BelarusDecrease 7,411Increase 16,470Increase 3,011Increase 1,813Increase 1,224666
 PakistanDecrease 5,791Increase 6,032Increase 3,799Increase 424Increase 39014
 PolandIncrease 5,132Increase 3,147Increase 115Increase 182Decrease 176353
 MoldovaDecrease 4,601Increase 6,215Decrease 33Decrease 24Increase 3470
 AustraliaIncrease 4,588Increase 2,549Decrease 2Decrease 3Decrease 435
 NetherlandsIncrease 4,504Increase 3,054Increase 30Decrease 28Decrease 6896
 MalaysiaIncrease 4,388Decrease 2,837Decrease 3,164Increase 3,450Decrease 2,8073,922
  SwitzerlandIncrease 3,837Increase 3,115Increase 63Decrease 28Decrease 4778
 CanadaIncrease 3,767Increase 1,946
No data
No data
No data
3
 AustriaIncrease 3,216Increase 2,226Decrease 29Decrease 40Decrease 97138
 BelgiumIncrease 3,044Increase 2,235Increase 48Decrease 29Decrease 6779
 GeorgiaDecrease 2,916Increase 2,990Decrease 129Decrease 177Increase 228135
 IndonesiaIncrease 2,702Increase 1,702Decrease 1
No data
No data
No data
 UAEIncrease 2,423Decrease 1,664Decrease 5,771Increase 5,880Increase 5,5335,003
 TaiwanIncrease 2,131Increase 1,381Decrease 1
No data
No data
3
 LatviaIncrease 1,933Increase 1,478Decrease 291Decrease 256Decrease 413604
 SingaporeIncrease 1,820Increase 1,804Decrease 10
No data
Decrease 2
No data
 Czech RepublicIncrease 1,804Increase 1,547Decrease 128Decrease 44Decrease 711,942
 SwedenIncrease 1,782Increase 1,092Increase 3
No data
Decrease 712
 ArmeniaIncrease 1,740Increase 1,529Decrease 9Decrease 44Increase 2316
 NorwayIncrease 1,659Increase 1,168
No data
No data
No data
No data
 ThailandIncrease 1,637Decrease 1,260Increase 1,987Increase 1,459Increase 1,4141,348
 DenmarkIncrease 1,605Increase 775Decrease 2
No data
Decrease 12
 PhilippinesIncrease 1,510Increase 635Increase 18
No data
Decrease 8402
 LithuaniaIncrease 1,453Increase 873Decrease 474Decrease 524Increase 804654
 Saudi ArabiaIncrease 1,382Increase 974Decrease 56Decrease 266Increase 29080
 GreeceIncrease 1,211Increase 821Decrease 1Decrease 3Decrease 2341
 SlovakiaIncrease 1,112Increase 668Increase 20Decrease 17Decrease 4855
 BulgariaIncrease 1,064Increase 738Increase 17Increase 76Decrease 2864
 HungaryIncrease 1,047Increase 1,014Increase 23Decrease 5Decrease 2039
 BangladeshIncrease 1,039Increase 448Increase 9Decrease 6Increase 818
StatelessnessDecrease 1,024Increase 2,558
No data
No data
No data
No data
 FinlandIncrease 974Increase 635Decrease 3Decrease 1620
No data
 EgyptIncrease 923Increase 689Increase 4
No data
No data
No data
 RomaniaIncrease 920Increase 508Increase 1
No data
No data
17
 PortugalIncrease 916Increase 683
No data
No data
No data
No data
 EstoniaIncrease 908Increase 421Increase 1Decrease 2228
 New ZealandIncrease 809Increase 555
No data
Increase 1
No data
No data
 SerbiaIncrease 776Increase 654
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MongoliaIncrease 726Increase 269Increase 92Increase 66Increase 11
No data
 IrelandIncrease 702Increase 414
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BrazilIncrease 680Increase 516
No data
No data
No data
No data
 SloveniaIncrease 542Increase 455Increase 2Decrease 1Decrease 2275
 JordanIncrease 532Increase 354Increase 12
No data
No data
30
 South AfricaIncrease 431Increase 214
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MexicoIncrease 421Increase 270
No data
No data
No data
No data
 VietnamIncrease 414Decrease 269Decrease 433Increase 464Increase 23756
 KuwaitIncrease 386Increase 302Increase 51
No data
Decrease 5055
 SyriaIncrease 331Increase 314
No data
No data
No data
1
 ArgentinaIncrease 319Increase 220
No data
No data
Increase 1
No data
 IraqIncrease 313Increase 195
No data
No data
No data
7
 OmanIncrease 296Increase 248Decrease 9Decrease 2
No data
97
 CroatiaIncrease 288Increase 245Increase 6
No data
No data
3
 ColombiaIncrease 235Increase 232
No data
No data
No data
No data
   NepalIncrease 230Increase 143Decrease 7
No data
No data
384
 NigeriaIncrease 216Increase 156
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MoroccoIncrease 213Increase 153
No data
No data
No data
No data
 LuxembourgIncrease 174Increase 168
No data
No data
No data
11
 Sri LankaIncrease 151Decrease 123
No data
No data
No data
164
 ChileDecrease 144Increase 149
No data
No data
No data
No data
 CyprusIncrease 139Increase 77
No data
No data
No data
2
 QatarDecrease 137Increase 174Increase 76
No data
No data
40
 YemenIncrease 132Increase 91
No data
No data
No data
18
 Bosnia and HerzegovinaIncrease 130Increase 91
No data
No data
No data
No data
 AlgeriaDecrease 120Increase 156
No data
No data
No data
No data
 TunisiaDecrease 115Increase 169
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BahrainIncrease 111Increase 65
No data
No data
No data
No data
 PalestineDecrease 108Increase 111
No data
No data
No data
No data
 DPRKIncrease 102Increase 49
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MaltaIncrease 98Increase 42
No data
No data
No data
 North MacedoniaIncrease 78Increase 47
No data
No data
No data
No data
 CameroonIncrease 77Increase 16
No data
No data
No data
No data
 AlbaniaIncrease 63Increase 33
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MyanmarIncrease 61Increase 44
No data
No data
No data
No data
 PeruIncrease 61Increase 35
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BruneiIncrease 55Increase 15
No data
No data
No data
No data
 IcelandIncrease 50Increase 28
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GhanaIncrease 49Increase 17
No data
No data
No data
No data
 SudanIncrease 48Increase 47
No data
No data
No data
No data
 CambodiaIncrease 46Increase 12
No data
No data
No data
No data
 EthiopiaIncrease 45Increase 25
No data
No data
Increase 16
No data
 KenyaDecrease 44Increase 65
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MontenegroIncrease 38Increase 25
No data
No data
No data
No data
 EcuadorDecrease 35Increase 36
No data
No data
No data
No data
 VenezuelaDecrease 34Increase 100
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MauritiusIncrease 33Increase 17
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Saint Kitts and NevisIncrease 32Increase 15
No data
No data
No data
No data
 ZimbabweIncrease 32Increase 13
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Ivory CoastIncrease 31Increase 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
 AndorraDecrease 29Increase 39
No data
No data
No data
No data
 ComorosDecrease 29Increase 31
No data
No data
No data
No data
 CubaDecrease 29Increase 35
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Costa RicaIncrease 27Increase 19
No data
No data
No data
No data
 UruguayIncrease 26Increase 11
No data
No data
No data
No data
 LaosIncrease 25Increase 19
No data
No data
No data
No data
 DominicaIncrease 24Increase 12
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BhutanIncrease 21Increase 14
No data
No data
No data
8
 ZambiaIncrease 21Increase 9
No data
No data
No data
No data
 SenegalIncrease 19Increase 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GuineaIncrease 18Increase 11
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Marshall IslandsDecrease 18Increase 41
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BoliviaDecrease 17Increase 21
No data
No data
No data
No data
 DRCIncrease 17Increase 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 UgandaIncrease 17Increase 15
No data
No data
No data
1
 KiribatiIncrease 16Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MonacoIncrease 16Increase 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
 LibyaIncrease 13Increase 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
 TanzaniaDecrease 13Increase 14
No data
No data
No data
No data
 El SalvadorIncrease 12Increase 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
 JamaicaIncrease 11Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MaldivesIncrease 11Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Dominican RepublicIncrease 10Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 ParaguayIncrease 10Increase 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
 HondurasIncrease 9Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MaliIncrease 9Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 São Tomé and PríncipeIncrease 9Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 AngolaIncrease 8Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BurundiIncrease 80
No data
No data
No data
No data
 FijiIncrease 8Increase 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
 PanamaIncrease 8Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BotswanaIncrease 70
No data
No data
No data
No data
 NicaraguaIncrease 7Increase 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
 EswatiniIncrease 70
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MauritaniaIncrease 6Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 RwandaDecrease 6Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 San MarinoIncrease 6Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 SomaliaIncrease 6Increase 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GuatemalaDecrease 5Increase 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Trinidad and TobagoDecrease 5Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Burkina FasoIncrease 40
No data
No data
No data
No data
 EritreaIncrease 4Increase 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GuyanaIncrease 4Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 HaitiIncrease 4Increase 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
 NamibiaDecrease 4Increase 6
No data
No data
No data
No data
 NigerIncrease 4Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 ChadIncrease 3Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GambiaIncrease 3Increase 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MalawiIncrease 3Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 VanuatuIncrease 3Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Antigua and BarbudaDecrease 2Increase 5
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BarbadosIncrease 20
No data
No data
No data
No data
 DjiboutiIncrease 20
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BeninDecrease 2Increase 4
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GabonIncrease 2Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 GrenadaIncrease 2Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Netherlands AntillesIncrease 20
No data
No data
No data
No data
 TogoIncrease 20
No data
No data
No data
No data
 TokelauDecrease 2Increase 8
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Turks and Caicos IslandsIncrease 20
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BermudaIncrease 1Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Cape VerdeIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Central African RepublicIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MadagascarDecrease 1Increase 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
 MozambiqueIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Saint HelenaIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Saint LuciaIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
 SurinamIncrease 10
No data
No data
No data
No data
  VaticanDecrease 1Increase 3
No data
No data
No data
No data
 BahamasDecrease 0Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 French PolynesiaDecrease 0Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 NauruDecrease 0Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Papua New GuineaDecrease 0Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 Sierra LeoneDecrease 0Increase 1
No data
No data
No data
No data
 United States Virgin IslandsDecrease 0Increase 2
No data
No data
No data
No data
TotalIncrease 6,748,512Increase 6,432,983Increase 2,847,877Increase 2,157,676Increase 2,034,253Increase 1,938,035

Mountaineering, hiking and rock-climbing

The southeast portion of the country contains the western ends of the Tien Shan mountains. The mountains contain active forms of tourism such as mountaineering and rock climbing. Most well known for its ease of access from Tashkent is the Greater Chimgan Peak (3,309 m) of the Chatkal Range. This place serves as a starting point for many routes of hiking, climbing, horse riding, mountain skiing, and hang-gliding. Uzbekistan boasts multiple ski and mountain resorts, including Chimgan, which was constructed during the Soviet era, and a newer one called Amirsoy that opened in 2019. Both resorts are open for visitors to enjoy during seasons other than winter. [12]

Architectural and historical sights

Samarkand with its Registan, Bibi-Khanym Mosque, Gur-Emir and Shah-i-Zinda, Bukhara with its Po-i-Kalyan Complex, Ark citadel, Samanid Mausoleum and Lyabi Khauz Ensemble, and Khiva with its intact inner city, Ichan Kala, mosques, madrasahs, minarets, walls, and gates, are sites of tourism.

The historical center of Samarkand is a World Heritage Site. Samarkand is home to numerous one-of-a-kind cultural and architectural landmarks that are preserved as exemplary works of Islamic art and architecture. The necropolis of Shah-i-Zinda is a popular tourist attraction. It underwent a controversial restoration in 2005 which replaced much of the aging terracotta and mosaic façade.[13] The general conference of UNESCO accepted the decision of inclusion in the list of anniversaries celebrating the 2750th anniversary of Samarkand.[14]

Tashkent contains sights as Mauso the leum of Sheikh Zaynudin Bobo and the Sheihantaur or Mausoleum of Zangiata.

Tourism in Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan

Ancient Khiva is one of the three most important tourism centers in Uzbekistan, with historical, cultural, and ethnographic potential. The territory of the Khorezm Province and Karakalpakstan is strewn with natural, historic, architectural, and archaeological sites. The Khorezm Province itself possesses nearly 300 historic monuments.

In the last few years, the tourism potential of the region has improved with some new facilities and attractions. One of them is the Savitsky Museum in the town of Nukus, which houses a collection of works of avant-garde art. The museum also has regional collection. A number of "ecological tours" are organized to the ship cemetery located in Mthe uynak area along what was once the coastline of the Aral Sea.

In 2005, Khorezm was visited by 43,000 tourists, of whom 19,700 were foreigners. The majority of them came from countries such as France, Germany, Israel, Great Britain, Australia ,and Japan. The visitors of Khiva were mostly at the age of 50-70 (46%); about 21% of tourists were of the age 30–40. 32% of the visitors to Khorezm were independent travelers who received visa support from local travel agencies.

After the modernization of the airport at Urgench, it received international status. Now it corresponds to the first category of ICAO.

Wildlife areas in the desert and other attractions on nomadic ways

The desert fauna of Kyzyl Kum includes many kinds of rare animals. There is a Kyzyl Kum nature reserve at the flood-land (tugai) drained by the Amu-Darya. Another reserve (eco-centre) "Djeyran" is located 40 km to the south of Bukhara.

The region of the Aydar Lake has the potential for fishing, yurting and camel-back riding tourist activities

In addition to fauna common for Kyzyl Kum there are many kinds of water birds that migrate the Aral Sea and make their homes around the lake. Many species of fish were introduced to the Aydar Lake, which nowadays works as a source of industrial fishing.

Another point of interest is the Sarmish Gorge (Better known as Sarmishsay) located on the southern slopes of the Karatau mountain range, 30–40 km to the north-east of the city of Navoi (Kermine) in Uzbekistan. The area is famous for various ancient monuments of anthropogenic activity concentrated in an area of about 20 km2. This includes flint quarries, mines, old settlements, burial mounds, crypts and petroglyphs, including monuments of the Middle Ages, early Iron Age, Bronze Age and the Stone Age. There are over 4,000 petroglyphs still intact in Sarmishsay. Since ancient times the area has been a sacred zone, where locals performed their sacred ceremonies on holy days.

Religious tourism

Uzbekistan is a country with predominantly Islamic roots. More than 160 Muslim sacred relics are located in the country.

A large number of tourists have been visiting Uzbekistan because of their religious-based interest. Uzbekistan boasts numerous sites of significant importance to Islam, including the Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin Bobo, Sheihantaur , and the Mausoleum of Zangiata in Tashkent, the BahauddinComplex in Bukhara, as well as the Bayan-Quli Khan Mausoleum, Saif ed-Din Bokharzi Mausoleum, and many other Sufism-related monuments.

Dental Tourism

Lately, many modern dental clinics were established in Uzbekistan. Prices in Uzbekistan are cheaper in comparison with Western and Russian clinics.

Gastronomic Tourism

Popular Uzbek cuisine includes the following:

Palov, the Uzbek version of pilaf - is an everyday dish as well as a dish for events like weddings, parties and holidays. Rice is the most important component of palov, along with certain spices, raisins, peas or quince which are added to give it extra flavor.

Bread is considered holy for the Uzbek people.

Soups are of special importance. Uzbek soup is rich with vegetables and seasonings and contains many carrots, turnips, onions and greens. Most popular is Uzbek Shurpa. Shurpa is a meat and vegetable soup.

Shashlyk, also known as kebabs, consists of skewered chunks of mutton barbecued over charcoal and served with sliced raw onions and non (round unleavened bread).

Samsa (meat pies) is a pastry pie stuffed with meat and onion or pumpkin, potato, cabbage, mushrooms or nuts baked in a tandyr. Tandyr is a traditional cylindrical clay oven, heated with coal. Skill is needed when placing the raw samsas or non onto the inside wall of the oven.

Lagman is a thick noodle soup with thinly sliced fried meat and vegetables.

Manty are large dumplings stuffed with finely chopped meat, seasoned with various spices and a large amount of onion, then steamed in a special pot.

Wine Tourism

Uzbekistan is not significantly relevant to the main wine-growing powers of the world, however, the country has a long history of winemaking and wine culture. Tashkentvino kombinati[15] is one of the oldest companies in the industry, founded in 1867 on the outskirts of Tashkent, near the shore of the channel Salar. Tashkentvino produces a range of quality spirits. Wine Factory become popular not only in Russia but also abroad. These wines, like "Red Tashkent", "Oporto", "Sultan", "Cahors" won gold and silver medals at the Moscow Polytechnic Exhibition in 1872 and at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1878.

Accessibility of the country

Most travel involves entering and leaving Uzbekistan through Tashkent, the capital city of Uzbekistan. The city is serviced by an international airport, a domestic airport, two Vokzals (railway stations), and numerous bus stations. Tashkent is serviced by Uzbekistan Airways, Korean Air, airBaltic, Asiana Airlines, Turkish Airlines, Transaero, Aeroflot, Czech airlines, Iran air, air Astana, S7 airlines Seven more airports have international status, these airports are Samarkand, Bukhara Urgench Namangan Airport, Andizhan Airport, Fergana Airport and Nukus Airport. Besides local flights and some regular international flights, almost exclusively to Russia along with occasional tourist charters to Samarkand, Bukhara, Nukus and Urgench. The tickets for domestic flights can be reserved or purchased outside of the country at Uzbekistan Airways offices or agencies or via a number of online websites. Uzbekistan Airways transported more than 1.7 million passengers in 2005.

At the end of 2005, the Tashkent airport had put in operation a new arrival hall for local airlines, with the new addition meeting modern requirements. Its technical equipment allows it to serve up to 600 passengers per day.


See also

References
  1. Jumayev, A. (2020-02-15). "Statistical Analyses of Tourism in Uzbekistan: An Empirical Test of Tourism A-B-C (T-ABC) Model". Bulletin of Science and Practice (in Russian). 6 (2): 193–202. doi:10.33619/2414-2948/51/19. S2CID 212788716.
  2. "Tourism in Uzbekistan". Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  3. "Uzbekistan Tourism Statistics 1996-2023". Retrieved 12 January 2023.
  4. "About Exhibition TITF | The largest tourism exhibition in Uzbekistan and in the Central Asian region | TITF 2022". titf.uz. Retrieved 2022-10-17.
  5. "Tourism in Uzbekistan - GLOBAL CONNECT". globalconnect.uz. Retrieved 2023-04-03.
  6. "Распространение по странам числе посетителей Республики Узбекистан по итогам 2019 года". uzbekistan.travel. Retrieved 12 July 2020.
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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Uzbekistan.
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