Turckheim

Turckheim (French pronunciation: [tyʁkaim] ⓘ; Alsatian: Tercka; German: Türkheim) is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It lies west of Colmar, on the eastern slopes of the Vosges mountains.

Not to be confused with Türkheim.
Turckheim
Commune
Entrance to Turckheim through the Porte de France
Entrance to Turckheim through the Porte de France
Coat of arms of Turckheim
Coat of arms
Location of Turckheim
Turckheim is located in France
Turckheim
Turckheim
Turckheim is located in Grand Est
Turckheim
Turckheim
Coordinates: 48°05′14″N 7°16′52″E
CountryFrance
RegionGrand Est
DepartmentHaut-Rhin
ArrondissementColmar-Ribeauvillé
CantonWintzenheim
IntercommunalityColmar Agglomération
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Benoît Schlussel[1]
Area
1
16.46 km2 (6.36 sq mi)
Population
 (Jan. 2020)[2]
3,820
 • Density230/km2 (600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
68338 /68230
Elevation219–840 m (719–2,756 ft)
(avg. 240 m or 790 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
Imperial City of Turckheim
Reichsstadt Türkheim (de)
Ville libre de Turckheim (fr)
1312–1648
Coat of arms of Turckheim
Coat of arms
StatusFree Imperial City of the Holy Roman Empire
CapitalTurckheim
GovernmentRepublic
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Gained Imp. immediacy
1312
• Received city rights,
    joined the Décapole
 
1354
• Ceded to France
24 October 1648
• Treaties of Nijmegen
    end the Décapole

26 January 1679
Preceded by		Succeeded by
Duchy of Swabia
Early modern France
Today part ofFrance

History

Archeological finds indicate the area was already inhabited during Ancient Rome. When the Germanic tribes invaded and crossed the Rhine, the Thuringii settled here and possibly gave their name to the town, which was first Thorencohaime and then Thuringheim. During the High Middle Ages Thuringheim is listed as belonging partly to the abbey of Munster and partly to the manor of Haut-Landsberg, centered in Kientzheim.

Turckheim became a free imperial city in 1312, and in 1315, the construction of ramparts was begun, which are still in good condition. It already had city rights and market rights in 1354, and from 1354 to 1679, Turckheim was part of the Décapole, a league of ten free imperial cities of the Holy Roman Empire. After the Peace of Westphalia (1648), Turckheim and the other Alsatian towns refused to swear allegiance to the French king.

During the Franco-Dutch War, the village of Turckheim was taken by French armies, led by Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Viscount of Turenne, which subsequently defeated armies of Austria and Brandenburg in what became known as the Battle of Turckheim (1675). Features of the village of Turckheim, especially the gates, help to identify the town in a fan currently in the Fan Museum in Greenwich, England.[3] In 1678, with the signing of the Treaties of Nijmegen, the French king assumed control over Turckheim.

In 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War, the town, with the rest of the Alsace, became part of the German Empire. In 1918, it reverted to France.

Turckheim is one of only a few remaining towns in France with a municipal night watchman, who makes the rounds at 10 p.m. between 1 May and 31 October and on the three Saturdays preceding Christmas. Maintained for tourist reasons, the position commemorates the 13th-century night watchman who prevented a fire.[4][5]

Geography

Turckheim lies in the valley of the river Fecht, downstream from Munster. It is 6 km west of the city centre of Colmar.

Climate

Turckheim has a oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Turckheim is 9.4 °C (48.9 °F). The average annual rainfall is 828.0 mm (32.60 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 18.3 °C (64.9 °F), and lowest in January, at around 1.2 °C (34.2 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Turckheim was 35.7 °C (96.3 °F) on 7 August 2015; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −20.0 °C (−4.0 °F) on 13 January 1987.

Climate data for Turckheim[6] (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1986−present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 17.7
(63.9)		 19.4
(66.9)		 23.5
(74.3)		 26.0
(78.8)		 30.9
(87.6)		 34.5
(94.1)		 35.5
(95.9)		 35.7
(96.3)		 30.4
(86.7)		 26.4
(79.5)		 19.2
(66.6)		 18.6
(65.5)		 35.7
(96.3)
Average high °C (°F) 3.8
(38.8)		 4.7
(40.5)		 8.1
(46.6)		 12.1
(53.8)		 17.0
(62.6)		 20.1
(68.2)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.2
(72.0)		 17.5
(63.5)		 13.0
(55.4)		 7.4
(45.3)		 4.1
(39.4)		 12.7
(54.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.2
(34.2)		 1.9
(35.4)		 5.0
(41.0)		 8.4
(47.1)		 13.1
(55.6)		 16.1
(61.0)		 18.3
(64.9)		 18.3
(64.9)		 14.0
(57.2)		 10.1
(50.2)		 4.8
(40.6)		 1.7
(35.1)		 9.4
(48.9)
Average low °C (°F) −1.5
(29.3)		 −0.9
(30.4)		 1.9
(35.4)		 4.7
(40.5)		 9.2
(48.6)		 12.2
(54.0)		 14.3
(57.7)		 14.3
(57.7)		 10.6
(51.1)		 7.1
(44.8)		 2.3
(36.1)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 6.2
(43.2)
Record low °C (°F) −20.0
(−4.0)		 −17.4
(0.7)		 −13.5
(7.7)		 −7.0
(19.4)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 3.2
(37.8)		 6.3
(43.3)		 6.2
(43.2)		 2.5
(36.5)		 −4.2
(24.4)		 −11.7
(10.9)		 −17.1
(1.2)		 −20.0
(−4.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 65.4
(2.57)		 65.0
(2.56)		 63.0
(2.48)		 54.3
(2.14)		 79.8
(3.14)		 69.7
(2.74)		 75.0
(2.95)		 67.6
(2.66)		 65.2
(2.57)		 81.0
(3.19)		 60.6
(2.39)		 81.4
(3.20)		 828.0
(32.60)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 9.9 10.1 10.5 10.5 12.0 10.9 10.9 10.1 9.2 10.4 10.6 10.9 126.1
Source: Météo France[7]

Notable residents
  • Victor Sieg (1837 – 1899), composer and organist, was born in Turckheim. Rue Victor Sieg is named in his honour.[8]

See also

References
  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. "Populations légales 2020". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2022.
  3. Cowen, Pamela (2003). A Fanfare for the Sun King: Unfolding Fans for Louis XIV. Third Millennium Information. pp. 66–69. ISBN 9781903942208.
  4. "découvrir turkheim". Turkheim.fr (in French). Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  5. Deslais, Pierre (2014). L'Alsace, géographie curieuse et insolite (in French). Éditions Ouest France. p. 83. ISBN 978-2-7373-6364-1.
  6. Météo-France weather station
  7. "Climate of Turckheim 1981-2010" (PDF) (in French). Météo-France. Retrieved June 15, 2022.
  8. Billich, André (1975). Histoire d'une ancienne ville impériale: Turckheim, pp. 83 and 171. Éditions Alsatia (in French)
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turckheim.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.