Glasgow-Blatchford score

The Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score (GBS) is a screening tool to assess the likelihood that a person with an acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) will need to have medical intervention such as a blood transfusion or endoscopic intervention.[1] The tool may be able to identify people who do not need to be admitted to hospital after a UGIB. Advantages of the GBS over the Rockall score, which assesses the risk of death in UGIB, include a lack of subjective variables such as the severity of systemic diseases and the lack of a need for oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) to complete the score, a feature unique to the GBS.

Glasgow-Blatchford score
Purposeneed for blood transfusion due to GI bleeding

In a controlled study, 16% of people presenting with UGIB had a GBS score of "0", considered low. Among this group there were no deaths or interventions needed and people were able to be effectively treated in an outpatient setting.[2]

Criteria

The score is calculated using the table below:

Admission
risk marker		 Score component
value
Blood urea (mmol/L)[3]
6.5–8.0 2
8.0–10.0 3
10.0–25 4
> 25 6
Haemoglobin (g/dL) for men
12.0–12.9 1
10.0–11.9 3
< 10.0 6
Haemoglobin (g/dL) for women
10.0–11.9 1
< 10.0 6
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)
100–109 1
90–99 2
< 90 3
Other markers
Pulse ≥ 100/min 1
Melaena 1
Syncope 2
Hepatic disease 2
Cardiac failure 2

In the validation group, scores of 6 or more were associated with a greater than 50% risk of needing an intervention.

Score

Score is equal to "0" if the following are all present:

See also

References
  1. Blatchford, O.; Murray, W. R.; Blatchford, M. (2000). "A risk score to predict need for treatment for uppergastrointestinal haemorrhage". Lancet (London, England). 356 (9238): 1318–1321. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02816-6. PMID 11073021. S2CID 6371737. Retrieved 2009-02-17.
  2. Stanley, A. J.; Ashley, D.; Dalton, H. R.; Mowat, C.; Gaya, D. R.; Thompson, E.; Warshow, U.; Groome, M.; Cahill, A.; Benson, G.; Blatchford, O.; Murray, W. (2009). "Outpatient management of patients with low-risk upper-gastrointestinal haemorrhage: multicentre validation and prospective evaluation". Lancet (London, England). 373 (9657): 42–47. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61769-9. PMID 19091393. S2CID 1738579. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-12-19. Retrieved 2014-12-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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