Fusafungine

Fusafungine (INN), also known as fusafungin, is an active agent used in antibiotics for treatment of nasal and throat infection. It also possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Fusafungine is a mixture of enniatin cyclohexadepsipeptides made up of alternating D-α-hydroxyvaleric acid and L-N-methylamino acid residues,[1] produced by the ascomycete Fusarium lateritium, and marketed by Servier under the trade names Locabiotal, Bioparox, and Locabiosol.

Fusafungine
Clinical data
Other namesFusafungin
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
ATC code
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • cyclo[N-oxa-DL-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-N-oxa-DL-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl-N-oxa-DL-valyl-N-methyl-L-valyl]
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
UNII
KEGG
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.014.306
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC33H57N3O9
Molar mass639.81 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point125 to 129 °C (257 to 264 °F)
SMILES
  • CC(C)[C@H]1C(=O)OC(C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)OC(C(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)OC(C(=O)N1C)C(C)C)C(C)C)C)C(C)C)C(C)C)C)C(C)C
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According to a pooled analysis study done in the UK for the efficacy of fusafungine in rhinopharingitis, it was found that the proportion of patients who showed an improvement in symptoms from Day 0 to Day 4 of infection was 61.5% with fusafungine vs. 46.8% when compared to a placebo.[2]

In February 2016, the European Medicines Agency recommended the withdrawal of fusafungine from the market due to rare but severe allergic reactions (mainly bronchospasms).[3]

References
  1. Levy D, Bluzat A, Seigneuret M, Rigaud JL (December 1995). "Alkali cation transport through liposomes by the antimicrobial fusafungine and its constitutive enniatins". Biochemical Pharmacology. 50 (12): 2105–7. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(95)02045-4. PMID 8849339.
  2. Lund VJ, Grouin JM, Eccles R, Bouter C, Chabolle F (December 2004). "Efficacy of fusafungine in acute rhinopharyngitis: a pooled analysis". Rhinology. 42 (4): 207–12. PMID 15626253.
  3. "CMDh endorses revocation of authorisations for fusafungine sprays used to treat airway infections". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
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