Potassium gluconate

Potassium gluconate is the potassium salt of the conjugate base of gluconic acid. It is also referred to as 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxycaproic acid potassium salt, D-gluconic acid potassium salt, or potassium D-gluconate.[1]

Potassium gluconate
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.comConsumer Drug Information
MedlinePlusa601072
ATC code
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • Potassium (2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
E numberE577 (acidity regulators, ...)
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.005.523
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H11KO7
Molar mass234.245 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point180 °C (356 °F) (decomposes)
SMILES
  • [K+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C6H12O7.K/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13;/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13);/q;+1/p-1/t2-,3-,4+,5-;/m1./s1 Y
  • Key:HLCFGWHYROZGBI-JJKGCWMISA-M Y
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

It contains 16.69% potassium by mass. Thus 5.99 g of potassium gluconate contains 1 g of potassium.

It has a density of 1.73 g/cm3.[2]

Dietary uses

Potassium gluconate is used as a mineral supplement and sequestrant. It is sold over-the-counter as tablets or capsules providing up to 593 mg of potassium gluconate, thereby containing 99 mg or 2.53 milliequivalents of elemental potassium. This is the permissible upper limit for each tablet or capsule of over-the-counter potassium supplements sold in the US. Potassium gluconate is also sold over-the-counter as bulk powder.

As a food additive, potassium gluconate is used as an acidity regulator and yeast food.[3][4] It is known as E number reference E577.

Safety

Its oral median lethal dose (LD50) in rats is 10.38 g/kg.[5] This is not an indicator of a safe oral daily dose in rats or humans.

References
  1. "Product Name potassium gluconate". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2013-03-09.
  2. "Potassium gluconate". Wolfram Alpha. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
  3. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Potassium Gluconate" (PDF). Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  4. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. "Potassium Gluconate". Evaluations of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). World Health Organization. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
  5. "MSDS - P1847". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
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