ésser

See also: esser and èsser

Catalan

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Occitan esser, from Latin sum, from Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.

Pronunciation

Verb

ésser (first-person singular present sóc, past participle estat)

  1. to be
  2. to exist, to be real, to be reality

Usage notes
  • Ésser in the sense of "to be" is used for a characteristic of a person or object. See also: estar.
    • Sóc britànic, és catalana.
      • I'm British, she's Catalan.
    • L'or és groc.
      • Gold is yellow.
  • Ésser + past participle forms the passive voice.
    • Era pagat per la Generalitat.
      • I was paid by the Generalitat.

Conjugation
    Conjugation of ésser
infinitive ésser
present participle essent
past participle masculine feminine
singular estat, sigut estada, siguda
plural estats, siguts estades, sigudes
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present sóc ets és som sou són
imperfect era eres era érem éreu eren
future seré seràs serà serem sereu seran
preterite fui fores fou fórem fóreu foren
conditional seria series seria seríem seríeu serien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present sigui siguis sigui siguem sigueu siguin
imperfect fos fossis fos fóssim fóssiu fossin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
— sigues sigui siguem sigueu siguin

Noun

ésser m (plural éssers)

  1. being (a living creature)

Further reading
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