تم

See also: بم‎ and ثم‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ت م م‎ (t-m-m).

Pronunciation

Verb: IPA^(key): /tam.ma/

Verb

تَمَّ • (tamma) I, non-past يَتِمُّ‎‎ (yatimmu)

to be fulfilled, to be completed
to come about, to happen
to take place
to persist (in) (with عَلَى‎ (ʿalā))
to continue (something) (with عَلَى‎ (ʿalā))

Usage notes

Particularly in newspaper and media style, تَمَّ‎ (tamma) is often used with a verbal noun as its subject to express the English passive:

‏تَمَّ ٱعْتِقالُ عَدَدٍ مِنَ ٱلْعَناصِرِ ٱلْإرْهابِيَّةِ فِي ٱلْقاهِرَةِ لَيْلَةَ ٱلْأَمْسِ.‎‎

tamma ʿtiqālu ʿadadin mina l-ʿanāṣiri l-ʾirhābiyyati fī l-qāhirati laylata l-ʾamsi.

A number of terrorist militants were arrested in Cairo last night.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

تَمَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal nouns تَمّ or تِمّ or تُمّ or تَمَام or تِمَام or تُمَام or تَمَامَة or تِمَامَة)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر					تَمّ or تِمّ or تُمّ or تَمَام‎ or تِمَام‎ or تُمَام‎ or تَمَامَة‎ or تِمَامَة‎ tamm or timm or tumm or tamām or timām or tumām or tamāma or timāma
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					تَامّ‎ tāmm
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَتْمُوم‎ matmūm
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	تَمَمْتُ‎ tamamtu	تَمَمْتَ‎ tamamta	تَمَّ tamma	تَمَمْتُمَا‎ tamamtumā	تَمَّا‎ tammā	تَمَمْنَا‎ tamamnā	تَمَمْتُمْ‎ tamamtum	تَمُّوا‎ tammū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	تَمَمْتُ‎ tamamtu	تَمَمْتِ‎ tamamti	تَمَّتْ‎ tammat	تَمَمْتُمَا‎ tamamtumā	تَمَّتَا‎ tammatā	تَمَمْنَا‎ tamamnā	تَمَمْتُنَّ‎ tamamtunna	تَمَمْنَ‎ tamamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أَتِمُّ‎ ʾatimmu	تَتِمُّ‎ tatimmu	يَتِمُّ‎ yatimmu	تَتِمَّانِ‎ tatimmāni	يَتِمَّانِ‎ yatimmāni	نَتِمُّ‎ natimmu	تَتِمُّونَ‎ tatimmūna	يَتِمُّونَ‎ yatimmūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أَتِمُّ‎ ʾatimmu	تَتِمِّينَ‎ tatimmīna	تَتِمُّ‎ tatimmu	تَتِمَّانِ‎ tatimmāni	تَتِمَّانِ‎ tatimmāni	نَتِمُّ‎ natimmu	تَتْمِمْنَ‎ tatmimna	يَتْمِمْنَ‎ yatmimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَتِمَّ‎ ʾatimma	تَتِمَّ‎ tatimma	يَتِمَّ‎ yatimma	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā	يَتِمَّا‎ yatimmā	نَتِمَّ‎ natimma	تَتِمُّوا‎ tatimmū	يَتِمُّوا‎ yatimmū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَتِمَّ‎ ʾatimma	تَتِمِّي‎ tatimmī	تَتِمَّ‎ tatimma	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā	نَتِمَّ‎ natimma	تَتْمِمْنَ‎ tatmimna	يَتْمِمْنَ‎ yatmimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَتِمَّ‎ or أَتِمِّ‎ or أَتْمِمْ‎ ʾatimma or ʾatimmi or ʾatmim	تَتِمَّ‎ or تَتِمِّ‎ or تَتْمِمْ‎ tatimma or tatimmi or tatmim	يَتِمَّ‎ or يَتِمِّ‎ or يَتْمِمْ‎ yatimma or yatimmi or yatmim	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā	يَتِمَّا‎ yatimmā	نَتِمَّ‎ or نَتِمِّ‎ or نَتْمِمْ‎ natimma or natimmi or natmim	تَتِمُّوا‎ tatimmū	يَتِمُّوا‎ yatimmū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَتِمِّي‎ tatimmī	تَتِمَّ‎ or تَتِمِّ‎ or تَتْمِمْ‎ tatimma or tatimmi or tatmim	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā	تَتِمَّا‎ tatimmā		تَتْمِمْنَ‎ tatmimna	يَتْمِمْنَ‎ yatmimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		تِمَّ or تِمِّ or اِتْمِمْ‎ timma or timmi or itmim		تِمَّا‎ timmā			تِمُّوا‎ timmū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		تِمِّي‎ timmī		تِمَّا‎ timmā			اِتْمِمْنَ‎ itmimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	تُمَّ tumma	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	—	—	يُتَمُّ‎ yutammu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُتَمَّ‎ yutamma	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُتَمَّ‎ or يُتَمِّ‎ or يُتْمَمْ‎ yutamma or yutammi or yutmam	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Noun

تَمّ or تِمّ or تُمّ • (tamm or timm or tumm) m

verbal noun of تَمَّ (tamma) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun تَمّ (tamm)‎; تِمّ (timm)‎; تُمّ (tumm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَمّ‎; تِمّ‎; تُمّ tamm‎; timm‎; tumm	التَّمّ‎‎; التِّمّ‎‎; التُّمّ‎ at-tamm‎; at-timm‎; at-tumm	تَمّ‎; تِمّ‎; تُمّ tamm‎; timm‎; tumm
Nominative	تَمٌّ‎; تِمٌّ‎; تُمٌّ tammun‎; timmun‎; tummun	التَّمُّ‎‎; التِّمُّ‎‎; التُّمُّ‎ at-tammu‎; at-timmu‎; at-tummu	تَمُّ‎; تِمُّ‎; تُمُّ tammu‎; timmu‎; tummu
Accusative	تَمًّا‎‎; تِمًّا‎‎; تُمًّا‎ tamman‎; timman‎; tumman	التَّمَّ‎‎; التِّمَّ‎‎; التُّمَّ‎ at-tamma‎; at-timma‎; at-tumma	تَمَّ‎; تِمَّ‎; تُمَّ tamma‎; timma‎; tumma
Genitive	تَمٍّ‎; تِمٍّ‎; تُمٍّ tammin‎; timmin‎; tummin	التَّمِّ‎‎; التِّمِّ‎‎; التُّمِّ‎ at-tammi‎; at-timmi‎; at-tummi	تَمِّ‎; تِمِّ‎; تُمِّ tammi‎; timmi‎; tummi

References

Lane, Edward William (1863), “تم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 315
Wehr, Hans (1979), “تم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 117
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “تم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 187

Persian

Etymology 1

Middle Persian [script needed] (tom, tam, “dark”), from Proto-Indo-European *témHos (“darkness”), from *temH- (“dark”). Cognate with Sanskrit तमस् (támas) and Latin temere (“blindly”).

Noun

تم • (tam)

(archaic) darkness, blackness
a disease in the eye, the web or cataract on the pupil
any veil or covering

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French thème.

Noun

تم • (tem)

theme

Urdu

Etymology

From Sanskrit त्वम् (tvám), from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tʊm/

Pronoun

تم • (tum) (Hindi spelling तुम)

you, ye (mid level formality and grammatically plural)

Usage notes

تم is the mid level formal way of expressing "you" in Urdu and is used when addressing those of equal social status or those one has a close enough relationship with to justify the reduced formality. Because the less formal forms could offend others, آپ‎ is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal.
Because تم is grammatically plural (adjectives and verbs etc affected by it take their plural forms) even when there is only one person being referred to, the term تم لوگ‎ (literally: you people) can be used to specify that more than one person is being referred to.

Declension

declension of تم

direct	تم‎ (tum)
indirect	تم‎ (tum)
ergative	تم نے‎ (tumne)
genitive	تمہارا‎ (tumhārā)
dative	تمہیں‎ (tumhẽ), تم کو‎ (tumko)