خوردن

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian xwar-, from Proto-Iranian *hwar- (to eat, consume). Cognates include Kurdish xwarin (to eat) and vexwarin (to drink), Pashto خوړل (khwaṟël, to eat), Ossetian хӕрд (xærd, food) and Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (xᵛaraiti, to consume, eat). Compare also Old Armenian խորտիկ (xortik, food) and խորակ (xorak, kind of pastry), Iranian borrowings.

Original meaning of the root was "to take". During the Proto-Iranian period it replaced the native Indo-European root for "to eat" *h₁ed- (>Proto-Iranian *Had-; compare Latin edō, Ancient Greek ἔδω (édō), English eat), perhaps originally being used in a more informal way. The other root has been preserved in several nominal formations, such as Proto-Iranian *HaćwaHastiš (alfalfa) and Ossetian ад (ad, taste).

Pronunciation

Verb

Dari Persian خوردن
Iranian Persian خوردن
Tajiki Persian хӯрдан (xürdan)

خوردن (xordan) (present stem خور (xor))

  1. to eat
    امروز چی خورده‌ای؟
    Emruz či xordí?
    What have you eaten today?
  2. to drink

Conjugation

Derived terms

See also

References

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934–1936), خوردن”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Beroukhim
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 147
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