خور
Arabic
Etymology 1
From the root خ و ر (ḵ-w-r).
Verb
خَوِرَ • (ḵawira) I, non-past يَخْوَرُ (yaḵwaru)
- to get weakened, to get weaker, to make/become weak/weaker
- to gradually disappear
- to become less strong/active/violent
- to cease functioning
- to break down
- to be feeble, to be weak and fragile
- to grow tired, to lose vigour
- to be extinguished
- to be/become limp
- to grow feeble, to lack vitality, to live under enfeebling conditions
- to be/become weak/thin, to dwindle
- to languish
- to lose lustre
- to become slack, relaxed, not tense or tight
- to be slender/ropy/trivial
- to relent, to give way, to succumb to temptation
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
خَوَر ḵawar | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ḵāwir | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | خَوَرْتُ ḵawartu |
خَوَرْتَ ḵawarta |
خَوَرَ ḵawara |
خَوَرْتُمَا ḵawartumā |
خَوَرَا ḵawarā |
خَوَرْنَا ḵawarnā |
خَوَرْتُمْ ḵawartum |
خَوَرُوا ḵawarū | |||
f | خَوَرْتِ ḵawarti |
خَوَرَتْ ḵawarat |
خَوَرَتَا ḵawaratā |
خَوَرْتُنَّ ḵawartunna |
خَوَرْنَ ḵawarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أَخْوُرُ ʾaḵwuru |
تَخْوُرُ taḵwuru |
يَخْوُرُ yaḵwuru |
تَخْوُرَانِ taḵwurāni |
يَخْوُرَانِ yaḵwurāni |
نَخْوُرُ naḵwuru |
تَخْوُرُونَ taḵwurūna |
يَخْوُرُونَ yaḵwurūna | |||
f | تَخْوُرِينَ taḵwurīna |
تَخْوُرُ taḵwuru |
تَخْوُرَانِ taḵwurāni |
تَخْوُرْنَ taḵwurna |
يَخْوُرْنَ yaḵwurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَخْوُرَ ʾaḵwura |
تَخْوُرَ taḵwura |
يَخْوُرَ yaḵwura |
تَخْوُرَا taḵwurā |
يَخْوُرَا yaḵwurā |
نَخْوُرَ naḵwura |
تَخْوُرُوا taḵwurū |
يَخْوُرُوا yaḵwurū | |||
f | تَخْوُرِي taḵwurī |
تَخْوُرَ taḵwura |
تَخْوُرَا taḵwurā |
تَخْوُرْنَ taḵwurna |
يَخْوُرْنَ yaḵwurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَخْوُرْ ʾaḵwur |
تَخْوُرْ taḵwur |
يَخْوُرْ yaḵwur |
تَخْوُرَا taḵwurā |
يَخْوُرَا yaḵwurā |
نَخْوُرْ naḵwur |
تَخْوُرُوا taḵwurū |
يَخْوُرُوا yaḵwurū | |||
f | تَخْوُرِي taḵwurī |
تَخْوُرْ taḵwur |
تَخْوُرَا taḵwurā |
تَخْوُرْنَ taḵwurna |
يَخْوُرْنَ yaḵwurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُخْوُرْ uḵwur |
اُخْوُرَا uḵwurā |
اُخْوُرُوا uḵwurū |
||||||||
f | اُخْوُرِي uḵwurī |
اُخْوُرْنَ uḵwurna |
Verb
خَوَّرَ • (ḵawwara) II, non-past يُخَوِّرُ (yuḵawwiru)
Conjugation
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَخْوِير taḵwīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُخَوِّر muḵawwir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُخَوَّر muḵawwar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | خَوَّرْتُ ḵawwartu |
خَوَّرْتَ ḵawwarta |
خَوَّرَ ḵawwara |
خَوَّرْتُمَا ḵawwartumā |
خَوَّرَا ḵawwarā |
خَوَّرْنَا ḵawwarnā |
خَوَّرْتُمْ ḵawwartum |
خَوَّرُوا ḵawwarū | |||
f | خَوَّرْتِ ḵawwarti |
خَوَّرَتْ ḵawwarat |
خَوَّرَتَا ḵawwaratā |
خَوَّرْتُنَّ ḵawwartunna |
خَوَّرْنَ ḵawwarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُخَوِّرُ ʾuḵawwiru |
تُخَوِّرُ tuḵawwiru |
يُخَوِّرُ yuḵawwiru |
تُخَوِّرَانِ tuḵawwirāni |
يُخَوِّرَانِ yuḵawwirāni |
نُخَوِّرُ nuḵawwiru |
تُخَوِّرُونَ tuḵawwirūna |
يُخَوِّرُونَ yuḵawwirūna | |||
f | تُخَوِّرِينَ tuḵawwirīna |
تُخَوِّرُ tuḵawwiru |
تُخَوِّرَانِ tuḵawwirāni |
تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna |
يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُخَوِّرَ ʾuḵawwira |
تُخَوِّرَ tuḵawwira |
يُخَوِّرَ yuḵawwira |
تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā |
يُخَوِّرَا yuḵawwirā |
نُخَوِّرَ nuḵawwira |
تُخَوِّرُوا tuḵawwirū |
يُخَوِّرُوا yuḵawwirū | |||
f | تُخَوِّرِي tuḵawwirī |
تُخَوِّرَ tuḵawwira |
تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā |
تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna |
يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُخَوِّرْ ʾuḵawwir |
تُخَوِّرْ tuḵawwir |
يُخَوِّرْ yuḵawwir |
تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā |
يُخَوِّرَا yuḵawwirā |
نُخَوِّرْ nuḵawwir |
تُخَوِّرُوا tuḵawwirū |
يُخَوِّرُوا yuḵawwirū | |||
f | تُخَوِّرِي tuḵawwirī |
تُخَوِّرْ tuḵawwir |
تُخَوِّرَا tuḵawwirā |
تُخَوِّرْنَ tuḵawwirna |
يُخَوِّرْنَ yuḵawwirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | خَوِّرْ ḵawwir |
خَوِّرَا ḵawwirā |
خَوِّرُوا ḵawwirū |
||||||||
f | خَوِّرِي ḵawwirī |
خَوِّرْنَ ḵawwirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | خُوِّرْتُ ḵuwwirtu |
خُوِّرْتَ ḵuwwirta |
خُوِّرَ ḵuwwira |
خُوِّرْتُمَا ḵuwwirtumā |
خُوِّرَا ḵuwwirā |
خُوِّرْنَا ḵuwwirnā |
خُوِّرْتُمْ ḵuwwirtum |
خُوِّرُوا ḵuwwirū | |||
f | خُوِّرْتِ ḵuwwirti |
خُوِّرَتْ ḵuwwirat |
خُوِّرَتَا ḵuwwiratā |
خُوِّرْتُنَّ ḵuwwirtunna |
خُوِّرْنَ ḵuwwirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | أُخَوَّرُ ʾuḵawwaru |
تُخَوَّرُ tuḵawwaru |
يُخَوَّرُ yuḵawwaru |
تُخَوَّرَانِ tuḵawwarāni |
يُخَوَّرَانِ yuḵawwarāni |
نُخَوَّرُ nuḵawwaru |
تُخَوَّرُونَ tuḵawwarūna |
يُخَوَّرُونَ yuḵawwarūna | |||
f | تُخَوَّرِينَ tuḵawwarīna |
تُخَوَّرُ tuḵawwaru |
تُخَوَّرَانِ tuḵawwarāni |
تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna |
يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُخَوَّرَ ʾuḵawwara |
تُخَوَّرَ tuḵawwara |
يُخَوَّرَ yuḵawwara |
تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā |
يُخَوَّرَا yuḵawwarā |
نُخَوَّرَ nuḵawwara |
تُخَوَّرُوا tuḵawwarū |
يُخَوَّرُوا yuḵawwarū | |||
f | تُخَوَّرِي tuḵawwarī |
تُخَوَّرَ tuḵawwara |
تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā |
تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna |
يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُخَوَّرْ ʾuḵawwar |
تُخَوَّرْ tuḵawwar |
يُخَوَّرْ yuḵawwar |
تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā |
يُخَوَّرَا yuḵawwarā |
نُخَوَّرْ nuḵawwar |
تُخَوَّرُوا tuḵawwarū |
يُخَوَّرُوا yuḵawwarū | |||
f | تُخَوَّرِي tuḵawwarī |
تُخَوَّرْ tuḵawwar |
تُخَوَّرَا tuḵawwarā |
تُخَوَّرْنَ tuḵawwarna |
يُخَوَّرْنَ yuḵawwarna |
Etymology 2
From the root خ و ر (ḵ-w-r). Compare the frequent Aramaic חוֹרָא / ܚܘܿܪܴܐ (ḥōrā, “hole”), Hebrew חֹר (ḥōr, “hole”), Akkadian 𒆢𒁕 (/ḫurru/). Compare also Old Armenian խոր (xor).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /xawr/
Declension
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | خَوْر ḵawr |
الْخَوْر al-ḵawr |
خَوْر ḵawr |
Nominative | خَوْرٌ ḵawrun |
الْخَوْرُ al-ḵawru |
خَوْرُ ḵawru |
Accusative | خَوْرًا ḵawran |
الْخَوْرَ al-ḵawra |
خَوْرَ ḵawra |
Genitive | خَوْرٍ ḵawrin |
الْخَوْرِ al-ḵawri |
خَوْرِ ḵawri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | خَوْرَيْن ḵawrayn |
الْخَوْرَيْن al-ḵawrayn |
خَوْرَيْ ḵawray |
Nominative | خَوْرَانِ ḵawrāni |
الْخَوْرَانِ al-ḵawrāni |
خَوْرَا ḵawrā |
Accusative | خَوْرَيْنِ ḵawrayni |
الْخَوْرَيْنِ al-ḵawrayni |
خَوْرَيْ ḵawray |
Genitive | خَوْرَيْنِ ḵawrayni |
الْخَوْرَيْنِ al-ḵawrayni |
خَوْرَيْ ḵawray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَخْوَار ʾaḵwār |
الْأَخْوَار al-ʾaḵwār |
أَخْوَار ʾaḵwār |
Nominative | أَخْوَارٌ ʾaḵwārun |
الْأَخْوَارُ al-ʾaḵwāru |
أَخْوَارُ ʾaḵwāru |
Accusative | أَخْوَارًا ʾaḵwāran |
الْأَخْوَارَ al-ʾaḵwāra |
أَخْوَارَ ʾaḵwāra |
Genitive | أَخْوَارٍ ʾaḵwārin |
الْأَخْوَارِ al-ʾaḵwāri |
أَخْوَارِ ʾaḵwāri |
References
- Corriente, Federico (2005), “خور”, in Diccionario avanzado árabe (in Spanish), 2nd edition, Barcelona: Herder, page 336
Ottoman Turkish
Alternative forms
- خوار (har, hor)
Adjective
خور • (hor)
- despicable, abject, vile
- (in compounds) eating, consuming, receiving, undergoing
- مردوم خور ― merdüm hor ― cannibal
- كیاه خور ― kiyah hor ― herbivore
- كوشت خور ― küşt hor ― carnivore
- خور طوتمق ― hor tutmak ― to despise, to vilify
Descendants
- Turkish: hor
- → Armenian: խոռ (xoṙ)
References
- Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “خور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 1967
Pashto
Etymology
Compare Persian خواهر (xâhar), Kurdish xwişk, xweh, خوشک (xoshk), Baluchi گوہار (gohár), Ossetian хо (xo), Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬭 (xᵛaŋhar)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swasar- (compare Sanskrit स्वसृ (svásṛ)), from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr (compare Armenian քույր (kʿuyr), Russian сестра́ (sestrá), Welsh chwaer, French sœur, English sister).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xor/
Declension
singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|
direct | خور (xor) | خويندې (xwainde) | |
oblique | خور (xor) | خويندو (xwaindo) | |
vocative | خورې (xore) | خويندو (xwaindo) |
Persian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Iranian *hwár (compare Kurdish xor, xwer, Ossetian хур (xur), Avestan 𐬵𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (hvarə)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHar (compare Sanskrit स्वर् (svàr), सूर्य (sū́rya)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xoɾ/, /xʷæɾ/
Related terms
- خورشید (xoršid, “sun, sunshine”)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /xoʊɾ/, /xuːɾ/