丑

See also: 醜

丑	U+4E11, 丑 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E11

← 丐
[U+4E10]

CJK Unified Ideographs

丒 →
[U+4E12]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

丑 (radical 1, 一+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓土 (NG), four-corner 1710₅, composition ⿻彐丨)

Usage notes

In Mainland China's Modern Chinese General Chinese Characters Stroke Order Standard (现代汉语通用字笔顺规范) and Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》), the third stroke touches the first stroke (相接 (xiāngjiē)) but does not cross over it. In the Taiwan, Japan and Hong Kong standards, the third stroke crosses over the first stroke (相交 (xiāngjiāo)).

References

KangXi: page 77, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23

Dae Jaweon: page 154, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 12, character 7

Unihan data for U+4E11

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 丑

Shang

Western Zhou

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Oracle bone script**
j30864	j30865	j30866	j30867	j30868	j30869	j30870	j30871
j30872	j30873

**Bronze inscriptions**
b21024	b21025	b21026	b21027	b21028	b21029	b21030	b21031
b21032	b21033	b21034	b21035	b21036	b21037	b21038

**Small seal script**
s11002

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L35273	L35274	L35275	L35276	L18097	L18098	L18099	L18100
L18101

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (丑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
峱	*nuː
紐	*nuʔ
扭	nuʔ, tnuʔ
狃	nuʔ, nus
鈕	*nuʔ
忸	nuʔ, nuɡ
杻	nuʔ, n̥ʰuʔ
莥	*nuʔ
羞	*snu
丑	*n̥ʰuʔ
沑	njuʔ, nuɡ
粈	*njuʔ
衄	nuɡ, njuɡ

Pictogram (象形) – a hand.

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		丑
variant forms		丒㗺

“second earthly branch”: From Austroasiatic (Mei, 1980; Norman, 1985; Ferlus, 2013); compare Proto-Vietic *c-luː (“water buffalo”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *krpiʔ ~ *krpiiw ~ *krpuʔ ~ *(kr)puh (“buffalo”), Proto-Austroasiatic *k.r.pu.y (“buffalo”).
clown: From 醜／丑 (chǒu).

以墨粉塗面，其形甚醜。今省文為丑。 [MSC, trad.]
以墨粉涂面，其形甚丑。今省文为丑。 [MSC, simp.]

From: 徐謂《南詞敘錄》

Yǐ mòfěn tú miàn, qí xíng shèn chǒu. Jīn xǐngwén wèi chǒu. [Pinyin]

(please add an English translation of this example)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): chǒu (chou³)

(Zhuyin): ㄔㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cau²
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhú
Min Nan (POJ): thiú / thiúⁿ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: chǒu
  - Zhuyin: ㄔㄡˇ
  - Wade–Giles: ch'ou³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: choou
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰoʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cau²
  - Yale: cháu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsau²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ceo²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐu̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhú
  - Hakka Romanization System: cu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: cu³
  - IPA: /t͡sʰu³¹/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiú
  - Tâi-lô: thiú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tiuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiu⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /tʰiu⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiúⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: thiúnn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: tviuo
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiũ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /ʈʰɨu^X/▼

Rime
Character	丑
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	徹 (10)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	敕久切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈʰɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʰiu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶʰiəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈʰuw^X/
Li Rong	/ȶʰiu^X/
Wang Li	/ȶʰĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶʰi̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǒu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[n̥]ruʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*n̥ʰuʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	丑
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǒu
Middle Chinese	‹ trhjuw^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[n̥]ruʔ/
English	2d earthly branch
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	丑
Reading #	1/1
No.	1526
Phonetic component	丑
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	丑
Old Chinese	/*n̥ʰuʔ/

Definitions

丑

second of twelve earthly branches (地支)
1. (Chinese zodiac) ox (牛)
clown; comedian

Coordinate terms

(earthly branches) 地支; 子, 丑, 寅, 卯, 辰, 巳, 午, 未, 申, 酉, 戌, 亥

Compounds

小丑 (xiǎochǒu)

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 丑 – see 醜 (“ugly”). (This character, 丑, is the simplified form of 醜.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

丑

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1:00 AM to 3:00 AM.
The ox, the second sign of Chinese zodiac.

Readings

Go-on: ちゅ (chu)^{←ちゆ (tyu, historical)}
Kan-on: ちゅう (chū)^{←ちう (tiu, historical)}
On: しゅ (shu)^{←しゆ (syu, historical)}; しゅう (shū)^{←しう (siu, historical)}
Kun: うし (ushi, 丑)
Nanori: ひろ (hiro)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
丑
うし Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From 牛 (ushi, “bull; cow; ox”)

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) うし [ùshí] (Heiban – [0])
- IPA^(key): [ɯ̟ᵝɕi]
Homophone: 牛

Proper noun

丑 (hiragana うし, rōmaji Ushi)

the Ox, the second of the twelve Earthly Branches

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
丑
ちゅう Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 丑 (trhjuw^X)

Proper noun

丑 (hiragana ちゅう, rōmaji Chū, historical hiragana ちう)

the Ox, the second of the twelve Earthly Branches

Korean

Hanja

丑 • (chuk, chu)

Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 축, 추 (revised: chuk, chu, McCune–Reischauer: ch'uk, ch'u)
- Name (hangeul): 소, 이름 (revised: so, ileum, McCune–Reischauer: so, irǔm)

clown, comedian
2nd terrestrial branch

References

Naver Hanja Dictionary: 丑

Vietnamese

Han character

丑 (sửu, giấu, sấu, xấu)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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