健

健 U+5065, 健
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5065
← 偤
[U+5064] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偦 →
[U+5066]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

健 (radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人弓大手 (ONKQ), four-corner 25240, composition ⿰亻建)

Derived characters
  • 𮧨, 𨫡, 𮅿, 𩅋

References
  • KangXi: page 111, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 875
  • Dae Jaweon: page 237, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 184, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5065

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 健
variant forms 徤

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 健
Small seal script

s05709

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (建) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
犍 *ɡran, *kan
騝 *ɡran, *kan
鍵 *ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ
揵 *ɡran, *kanʔ
鞬 *kan
腱 *kan, *ɡans
湕 *kanʔ
建 *kans
旔 *kans
楗 *ɡanʔ
健 *ɡans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡans) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • giâng - vernacular;
  • giông - literary.
Note:
  • kiāⁿ - vernacular;
  • kiān - literary.
Note:
  • giang6/giêng6 - literary (giêng6 - Chaozhou);
  • gian7 - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 健
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕian¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕian¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕien⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕi³⁵/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiɪ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi²²/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰie²²/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiɛ⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /kʰian⁵³/
Taoyuan /kʰien⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kin²²/
Nanning /kin²²/
Hong Kong /kin²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kian²²/
/kiã²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyɔŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kyiŋ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kiaŋ³⁵/
/kiã³¹/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kin³⁵/
Rime
Character 健
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 元 (65)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 渠建切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡɨɐnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡiɐnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiɐnH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gɨanH/
Li
Rong		 /ɡiɐnH/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭɐnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gɨ̯ɐnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiàn
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 健
Reading # 1/1
No. 6224
Phonetic
component		 建
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 健
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡans/

Definitions

健

  1. strong; robust; vigorous
  2. healthy; in good health
    健康  ―  jiànkāng  ―  health; healthy; sound
  3. adeptly; energetically
  4. A surname​.

Compounds
Derived terms from 健

Japanese

Kanji
健

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. strong, robust, healthy
  2. strength

Readings

Compounds

Proper noun

健 (hiragana けん, rōmaji Ken)

  1. A male given name

健 (hiragana たけし, rōmaji Takeshi)

  1. A male given name

Korean

Hanja

健 • (geon, gyeon) (hangeul 건, 견, revised geon, gyeon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, kyŏn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

健 (kiện, kẹn, lương)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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