檻

See also: 槛
檻 U+6ABB, 檻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6ABB
← 檺
[U+6ABA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 檼 →
[U+6ABC]

Translingual

Han character

檻 (radical 75, 木+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 木尸戈廿 (DSIT) or 木尸一廿 (DSMT), four-corner 48917, composition ⿰木監)

References
  • KangXi: page 558, character 47
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15745
  • Dae Jaweon: page 948, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1307, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+6ABB

Chinese
trad. 檻
simp. 槛

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (監) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
藍 *ɡ·raːm
襤 *ɡ·raːm
籃 *ɡ·raːm
懢 *ɡ·raːm, *ɡ·raːms
儖 *ɡ·raːm
蘫 *ɡ·raːm, *qʰlaːms
攬 *ɡ·raːmʔ
欖 *ɡ·raːmʔ
覽 *ɡ·raːmʔ
爁 *ɡ·raːmʔ, *ɡ·raːms, *ɡ·rams
擥 *ɡ·raːmʔ
灠 *ɡ·raːmʔ
濫 *ɡ·raːms, *ɡraːmʔ
嚂 *ɡ·raːms, *kʰlaːms, *qʰlaːmʔ
纜 *ɡ·raːms
監 *kraːm, *kraːms
礛 *kraːm
鑑 *kraːm, *kraːms, *kraːms
艦 *ɡraːmʔ
檻 *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms
壏 *ɡraːmʔ
轞 *ɡraːmʔ
鹽 *ɡ·lam, *ɡ·lams

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡraːmʔ, *ɡraːms) : semantic 木 + phonetic 監 (OC *kraːm, *kraːms).

Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kram (“fence, garden”). Cognate with Burmese ခြံ (hkram, “fence; garden; to surround”). Also compare Tibetan ཁྲམ (khram, “notched wood”) (> ཁྲམ་ཁ (khram kha, “cut, notch [in wood]”), ཁྲམ་ཤིང (khram shing, “tallystick”)).

Pronunciation 1
Rime
Character 檻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 銜 (149)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 胡黤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠamX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚamX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣamX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦaɨmX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣamX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣamX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣamX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xiàn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 檻 檻 檻
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiàn jiàn jiàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hæmX › ‹ hæmX › ‹ hamX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁramʔ/ /*[ɡ]ˁramʔ/ /*[ɡ]ˁamʔ/
English straight-jetted (water) railing; cage railing; cage

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 檻 檻
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6110 6114
Phonetic
component		 監 監
Rime
group		 談 談
Rime
subdivision		 1 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 檻 㽉
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡraːmʔ/ /*ɡraːms/
Notes 原文木在下，集韻注或書檻

Definitions

檻

  1. fence
  2. cage (for animal or prisoner)
  3. railing
  4. Alternative form of 艦／舰 (jiàn, “warship”).
Compounds
  • 圈檻／圈槛
  • 攀庭檻／攀庭槛
  • 朱雲折檻／朱云折槛
  • 檻檻／槛槛
  • 檻猿籠鳥／槛猿笼鸟
  • 檻車／槛车 (jiànjū)
  • 窗檻／窗槛
  • 籠鳥檻猿／笼鸟槛猿
  • 軒檻／轩槛

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

檻

  1. doorsill
    門檻 / 门槛  ―  ménkǎn  ―  doorsill
Synonyms
Synonyms of 檻
Compounds
  • 對了檻兒／对了槛儿
  • 老門檻／老门槛
  • 門檻條款／门槛条款
  • 隔門檻兒／隔门槛儿

Japanese

Kanji
檻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
檻
おり
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

檻 (hiragana おり, rōmaji ori, historical hiragana をり)

  1. cage; cell
    その第四号 (だいよんごう)の檻 (おり)の中 (なか)には、一体 (いったい)どんな生 (い)き物 (もの)が入 (はい)っていたのだろうか？
    Sono dai-yon-gō no ori no naka ni wa, ittai donna ikimono ga haitteita no darō ka?
    Exactly what kind of animal was within the fourth cage?

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

檻 (eum 함 (ham))

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Vietnamese

Han character

檻: Hán Nôm readings: giám, hạm, hậm, tràm, cạm

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