Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰeh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*bʰeh₂- (imperfective) [1][2][3]

to shine, glow light

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*b%CA%B0eh%E2%82%82-_(shine)' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *bʰeh₂- (shine)'>Terms derived from the PIE root *bʰeh₂- (shine)</a>

*bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: φάντα (phánta, “shining”)
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHti (see there for further descendants)
*bʰ-n̥-h₂-ye-ti (innovative nasal-infix zero-grade ye-present)
- Albanian: *banja[4]
  - Albanian: bënj (Cham, Arbëreshë, Arvanitika)
  - Albanian: bëj (Standard Albanian, Tosk)
  - Albanian: bâj (Gheg)
- (probably) Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: բանամ (banam)
- Hellenic: *pʰáňňō
  - Ancient Greek: φαίνω (phaínō)
    Epic Greek: φαείνω (phaeínō)
*bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s
- Hellenic: *pʰátis
  - Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
*bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
- Hellenic: *pʰáos
  - Ancient Greek: φάος (pháos, “light”)
    Attic Greek: φῶς (phôs)
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHas (see there for further descendants)
- Italic: *djuβās
  - Latin: iubar (“celestial light, splendor”) < *dyew-bʰéh₂-os
*bʰóh₂-mo-s
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHmas (see there for further descendants)
*bʰeh₂-no-s[5]
- Celtic: *bānos (see there for further descendants)
- Germanic: *bōnaz (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHnas
  - Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHnas
    - Sanskrit: भान (bhā́na)
  - Iranian: *báHnah
    - Ossetian: бон (bon, “day”)
    - Sarikoli: [script needed] (vuyn, “light, radiance”)
    - Wakhi: [script needed] (voyn, “fire, light”)
*bʰeh₂-nú-s
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰaHnúš
  - Indo-Aryan: *bʰaHnúṣ
    - Sanskrit: भानु m or f (bhānú)
Unsorted formations:
- Germanic: *bandwijaną
- Germanic: *bandwǭ
- Germanic: *baukną
- Ancient Greek: φαεινός (phaeinós), φᾱνός (phānós)
- Sanskrit: प्सु (psu, “aspect, appearance, form”)

Root

*bʰeh₂- (imperfective) [6][7]

to speak, say

Derived terms

► <a href='/wiki/Category:Terms_derived_from_the_PIE_root_*b%CA%B0eh%E2%82%82-_(speak)' title='Category:Terms derived from the PIE root *bʰeh₂- (speak)'>Terms derived from the PIE root *bʰeh₂- (speak)</a>

*bʰéh₂-ti ~ *bʰh₂-énti (athematic root present)
*bʰn̥h₂-é-ti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade thematic present)
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰánati
  - Indo-Aryan: *bʰánati
    - Vedic Sanskrit: भनति (bhánati) (see there for further descendants)
bʰh₂-néw-ti ~ bʰh₂-n̥w-énti (innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present)
- Germanic: *bannaną (see there for further descendants)
*bʰéh₂-meh₂
- Hellenic: *pʰā́mā
  - Ancient Greek: φήμη (phḗmē)
- Italic: *fāmā
  - Latin: fāma
*bʰéh₂-os ~ *bʰéh₂-es-os
- Indo-Iranian: *bʰáHšaH (or from *bʰels-)
  - Indo-Aryan: *bʰáHṣaH
    - Sanskrit: भाषा (bhā́ṣā) (see there for further descendants), भाषति (bhā́ṣati)
- Italic: *fās
  - Latin: fās
*bʰoh₂-néh₂
- Hellenic: *pʰōnā́
  - Ancient Greek: φωνή (phōnḗ)
*bʰeh₂-ni-s
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: բան (ban),
- Germanic: *bōniz (see there for further descendants)
*bʰéh₂-ti-s ~ *bʰh₂-téy-s[8]
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: բայ (bay)
- Hellenic: *pʰátis
  - Ancient Greek: φάσις (phásis), φάτις (phátis)
*bʰh₂-tó-s
- Hellenic: *pʰatós
  - Ancient Greek: φατός (phatós)
- Italic: *fatos
  - Latin: fātus
  - ⇒ Italic: *fatēōr
    - Latin: fateor
*bʰéh₂-tu-s ~ *bʰh₂-téw-s
- Italic: *fātus
  - Latin: fātus
*bʰeh₂-dʰlo-
- Balto-Slavic: *bāˀdla
  - Slavic: *badli
- Italic: *fāðlā
  - Latin: fābula
Unsorted formations:
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: բառ (baṙ, “word, language, speech”), բանկն (bankn)
- Balto-Slavic: *bāˀjakāˀ
  - Slavic: *bajьka (“fable”)
- Germanic: *bōōną (see there for further descendants)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-, bhō-, bhə”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 104-105
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 68-69
Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*baH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1
Orel, Vladimir (1998), “bëj ~ bâj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, page 22
Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bāno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 105-106
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69-70
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 165

Allan Bomhard (2015), A Comprehensive Introduction to Nostratic Comparative Linguistics, 2nd edition, Volume 2, p. 16ff

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[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-, bhō-, bhə”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 104-105

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “1. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 68-69

[3] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*baH”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1

[4] Orel, Vladimir (1998), “bëj ~ bâj”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, page 22

[5] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*bāno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 55

[6] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 105-106

[7] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2. *bʰeh₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 69-70

[8] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 165