< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-atъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-āˀtas, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos. Technically, could also reflect Proto-Indo-European *-eh₃tós, though, this suffix is encountered only sporadically in lemmas of uncertain origin, e.g. Ancient Greek κῑβωτός (kībōtós, “coffer, wooden box, container”).
Reflects Latin *-ātus, Ancient Greek -ᾰτος (-atos) or Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ātas in loanwords such as demotic Late Church Slavonic креватъ (krevatŭ, “coach”) from Ancient Greek κράββατος (krábbatos, “bed”) or Proto-Slavic *xorvatъ from a Scythian ethnonym, rendered as Χοροάθος (Khoroáthos) in Ancient Greek records.
Suffix 1
*-а̀tъ m
Alternative forms
- *-ata f, *-ato n
- *-yto n (when appended to u-stems)
Declension
Declension of *-atъ (hard o-stem)
Suffix 2
*-àtъ
- From agents, creates adjectives denoting a property or characteristic, usually with hyperbolic connotation
- From objects, creates adjectives denoting a characteristic or shape
- From body parts, creates adjectives referring to the respective part
- From adjectives extended with *-ovъ, creates approximative doublets of the original adjective (somewhat like -ish in English). Equivalent to *-ovàtъ
- From o-stem adjectives:
- From former i-stem adjectives:
- From former u-stem adjectives:
Declension
Indefinite declension of *-atъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-atъ | *-ata | *-ato |
Accusative | *-atъ | *-atǫ | *-ato |
Genitive | *-ata | *-aty | *-ata |
Locative | *-atě | *-atě | *-atě |
Dative | *-atu | *-atě | *-atu |
Instrumental | *-atomь | *-atojǫ | *-atomь |
Vocative | *-ate | *-ato | *-ato |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ata | *-atě | *-atě |
Accusative | *-ata | *-atě | *-atě |
Genitive | *-atu | *-atu | *-atu |
Locative | *-atu | *-atu | *-atu |
Dative | *-atoma | *-atama | *-atoma |
Instrumental | *-atoma | *-atama | *-atoma |
Vocative | *-ata | *-atě | *-atě |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ati | *-aty | *-ata |
Accusative | *-aty | *-aty | *-ata |
Genitive | *-atъ | *-atъ | *-atъ |
Locative | *-atěxъ | *-ataxъ | *-atěxъ |
Dative | *-atomъ | *-atamъ | *-atomъ |
Instrumental | *-aty | *-atami | *-aty |
Vocative | *-ati | *-aty | *-ata |
Definite declension of *-atъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-atъjь | *-ataja | *-atoje |
Accusative | *-atъjь | *-atǫjǫ | *-atoje |
Genitive | *-atajego | *-atyję | *-atajego |
Locative | *-atějemь | *-atěji | *-atějemь |
Dative | *-atujemu | *-atěji | *-atujemu |
Instrumental | *-atyjimi | *-atǫjǫ | *-atyjimi |
Vocative | *-atъjь | *-ataja | *-atoje |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-ataja | *-atěji | *-atěji |
Accusative | *-ataja | *-atěji | *-atěji |
Genitive | *-atuju | *-atuju | *-atuju |
Locative | *-atuju | *-atuju | *-atuju |
Dative | *-atyjima | *-atyjima | *-atyjima |
Instrumental | *-atyjima | *-atyjima | *-atyjima |
Vocative | *-ataja | *-atěji | *-atěji |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *-atiji | *-atyję | *-ataja |
Accusative | *-atyję | *-atyję | *-ataja |
Genitive | *-atъjixъ | *-atъjixъ | *-atъjixъ |
Locative | *-atyjixъ | *-atyjixъ | *-atyjixъ |
Dative | *-atyjimъ | *-atyjimъ | *-atyjimъ |
Instrumental | *-atyjimi | *-atyjimi | *-atyjimi |
Vocative | *-atiji | *-atyję | *-ataja |
Derived terms
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-at%D1%8A' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-atъ'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-atъ</a>
► <a href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-ata' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ata'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-ata</a>
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -атꙑи (-atyi)
- Belarusian: -а́ты (-áty)
- Russian: -а́тый (-átyj)
- Ukrainian: -а́тий (-átyj)
- Old East Slavic: -атꙑи (-atyi)
Further reading
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1974), “*ajatъ(jь)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 01, Moscow: Nauka, page 61
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lopata”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 16, Moscow: Nauka, page 39
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