< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/karati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From the same root as *korìti (“to reproach”), with a long root vowel that is (per Derksen) of Proto-Slavic origin.
Inflection
Conjugation of *karati (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *karanьje | *karati | *karatъ | *karalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *karanъ | *karajemъ |
| Active | *karavъ | *karaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *karaxъ | *kara | *kara | *karajǫ | *karaješi | *karajetь |
| Dual | *karaxově | *karasta | *karaste | *karajevě | *karajeta | *karajete |
| Plural | *karaxomъ | *karaste | *karašę | *karajemъ | *karajete | *karajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *karaaxъ | *karaaše | *karaaše | — | *karaji | *karaji |
| Dual | *karaaxově | *karaašeta | *karaašete | *karajivě | *karajita | — |
| Plural | *karaaxomъ | *karaašete | *karaaxǫ | *karajimъ | *karajite | — |
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: карати (karati) (Serbian)
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “ка́ра”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, pages 377–378
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1983), “*karati (sę)”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 09, Moscow: Nauka, page 152
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “кара́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*karati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 221: “v. ‘scold, punish’”
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