clog

English
A pair of leather clogs painted by Vincent van Gogh

Etymology

Middle English clog (“weight attached to the leg of an animal to impede movement”)

Pronunciation
  • (UK) IPA(key): /klɒɡ/
  • (US) IPA(key): /klɑɡ/, /klɔɡ/
  • Rhymes: -ɒɡ

Noun

clog (plural clogs)

  1. A type of shoe with an inflexible, often wooden sole sometimes with an open heel.
    Dutch people rarely wear clogs these days.
    • 1849, Charlotte Brontë, Shirley, Chapter 15,
      […] as to the poor—just look at them when they come crowding about the church doors on the occasion of a marriage or a funeral, clattering in clogs;
    • 2002, Alice Sebold, The Lovely Bones, Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press, Chapter 5, p. 92,
      She stomped up the stairs. Her clogs slammed against the pine boards of the staircase and shook the house.
  2. A blockage.
    The plumber cleared the clog from the drain.
  3. (Britain, colloquial) A shoe of any type.
    • 1987, Withnail and I:
      Withnail: I let him in this morning. He lost one of his clogs.
  4. A weight, such as a log or block of wood, attached to a person or animal to hinder motion.
    • 1684, Samuel Butler, Hudibras, Part 2, Canto 3, p. 329,
      Yet as a Dog committed close
      For some offence, by chance breaks loose,
      And quits his Clog; but all in vain,
      He still draws after him his Chain.
    • 1855, Alfred, Lord Tennyson, “The Letters” in Maud, and Other Poems, London: Edward Moxon, p. 115,
      A clog of lead was round my feet
      A band of pain across my brow;
  5. That which hinders or impedes motion; an encumbrance, restraint, or impediment of any kind.
    • c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act V, Scene 6,
      The grand conspirator, Abbot of Westminster,
      With clog of conscience and sour melancholy
      Hath yielded up his body to the grave;
    • 1777, Edmund Burke, A Letter from Edmund Burke: Esq; one of the representatives in Parliament for the city of Bristol, to John Farr and John Harris, Esqrs. sheriffs of that city, on the Affairs of America, London: J. Dodsley, p. 8,
      All the ancient, honest, juridical principles and institutions of England, are so many clogs to check and retard the headlong course of violence and oppression.
    • 1865, Elizabeth Gaskell, Wives and Daughters, Chapter 56,
      If we were as rich as your uncle, I should feel it to be both a duty and a pleasure to keep an elegant table; but limited means are a sad clog to one’s wishes.

Derived terms

Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

clog (third-person singular simple present clogs, present participle clogging, simple past and past participle clogged)

  1. To block or slow passage through (often with 'up').
    Hair is clogging the drainpipe.
    The roads are clogged up with traffic.
  2. To encumber or load, especially with something that impedes motion; to hamper.
    • Dryden
      The wings of winds were clogged with ice and snow.
  3. To burden; to trammel; to embarrass; to perplex.
    • Addison
      The commodities are clogged with impositions.
    • Shakespeare
      You'll rue the time / That clogs me with this answer.
  4. (law) To enforce a mortgage lender right that prevents a borrower from exercising a right to redeem.
    • Humble Oil & Refining Co. v. Doerr, 123 N.J. Super. 530, 544, 303 A.2d 898 (1973).
      For centuries it has been the rule that a mortgagor’s equity of redemption cannot be clogged and that he cannot, as a part of the original mortgage transaction, cut off or surrender his right to redeem. Any agreement which does so is void and unenforceable [sic] as against public policy.

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cloc, from Late Latin clocca (“bell”) (compare Welsh cloch, Cornish clogh, Breton kloc’h), from Proto-Indo-European *kleg- (“to cry, sound”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [klˠɔɡ]

Noun

clog m (genitive singular cloig, nominative plural cloig)

  1. bell
  2. clock
  3. blowball, clock (of dandelion)
  4. blister

Declension
Declension of clog

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative clog cloig
Vocative a chloig a chloga
Genitive cloig clog
Dative clog cloig

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an clog na cloig
Genitive an chloig na gclog
Dative leis an gclog

don chlog

 leis na cloig
  • Alternative plural: cloganna (Cois Fharraige)

Derived terms
  • a chlog (“o'clock”)
  • clogach (“stunning, deafening; blistered”)
  • clogad (“helmet”)
  • clog adamhach (“atomic clock”)
  • clogaire (“bell ringer”)
  • clogán (“small bell; small blister”)
  • clogás m (“bell tower, belfry”)
  • clog cuaiche (“cuckoo clock”)
  • clogra (“chimes”)

Verb

clog (present analytic clogann, future analytic clogfaidh, verbal noun clogadh, past participle clogtha)

  1. (intransitive) ring a bell
  2. (transitive) stun with noise
  3. (intransitive) blister

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present clogaim clogann tú;
clogair†		 clogann sé, sí clogaimid clogann sibh clogann siad;
clogaid†		 a chlogann; a chlogas /
a gclogann*; a gclogas*		 clogtar
past chlog mé; chlogas chlog tú; chlogais chlog sé, sí chlogamar; chlog muid chlog sibh; chlogabhair chlog siad; chlogadar a chlog /
ar chlog*		 clogadh
past habitual chlogainn chlogtá chlogadh sé, sí chlogaimis; chlogadh muid chlogadh sibh chlogaidís; chlogadh siad a chlogadh /
ar chlogadh*		 chlogtaí
future clogfaidh mé;
clogfad		 clogfaidh tú;
clogfair†		 clogfaidh sé, sí clogfaimid;
clogfaidh muid		 clogfaidh sibh clogfaidh siad;
clogfaid†		 a chlogfaidh; a chlogfas /
a gclogfaidh*; a gclogfas*		 clogfar
conditional chlogfainn / gclogfainn‡‡ chlogfá / gclogfᇇ chlogfadh sé, sí / gclogfadh sé, s퇇 chlogfaimis; chlogfadh muid / gclogfaimis‡‡; gclogfadh muid‡‡ chlogfadh sibh / gclogfadh sibh‡‡ chlogfaidís; chlogfadh siad / gclogfaidís‡‡; gclogfadh siad‡‡ a chlogfadh /
ar chlogfadh*		 chlogfaí / gclogfa퇇
subjunctive present go gcloga mé;
go gclogad†		 go gcloga tú;
go gclogair†		 go gcloga sé, sí go gclogaimid;
go gcloga muid		 go gcloga sibh go gcloga siad;
go gclogaid†		 — go gclogtar
past dá gclogainn dá gclogtá dá gclogadh sé, sí dá gclogaimis;
dá gclogadh muid		 dá gclogadh sibh dá gclogaidís;
dá gclogadh siad		 — dá gclogtaí
imperative clogaim clog clogadh sé, sí clogaimis clogaigí;
clogaidh†		 clogaidís — clogtar
verbal noun clogadh
past participle clogtha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
clog chlog gclog
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *klog, from Proto-Celtic *klukā. Cognate with Irish cloch, Scottish Gaelic clach.

Noun

clog f (plural clogau)

  1. cliff, rockface

Mutation
Welsh mutation
radicalsoftnasalaspirate
clog glog nghlog chlog
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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