dum
English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dʌm/
- Homophone: dumb
- Rhymes: -ʌm
Interjection
dum
- Syllable used when humming a tune.
- 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor
- I like to hang out with friends and travel the world. But if there's one thing I really love, it's Doctor Who. Dum de dum, dum de dum, dum de dum. Whooo-eee-oooo dum de dum, de dum de dum.
- 2012, Graeme Burk, Robert Smith, Who is the Doctor
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse dumbr (“dumb”), and in the main sense stupid from German dumm. Both from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Low German dumm, Dutch dom, German dumm.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /dom/, [d̥ɔmˀ]
- Rhymes: -ɔm
Inflection
Inflection of dum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Common singular | dum | dummere | dummest2 |
Neuter singular | dumt | dummere | dummest2 |
Plural | dumme | dummere | dummest2 |
Definite attributive1 | dumme | dummere | dummeste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - IPA(key): /dum/
Ido
Preposition
dum
Latin
Etymology
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *de.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /dum/, [dũ]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Conjunction
dum
- while, as
- c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgicon III.284–285:
- fugit inreparabile tempus
singula dum capti circumvectamur amore- Irretrievable time flies away while, in thrall to love, we are carried about from one thing to another.
- fugit inreparabile tempus
- Dum vīxī tacuī, mortua dulce canō. ― While I lived I was quiet; dead I sweetly sing.
- until
- as long as
- dum erunt homines ― as long as there are men (as long as mankind exists)
- so long as, provided that
- Oderint, dum metuant. ― Let them hate, so long as they fear.
Usage notes
Most often used with the present indicative forms of verbs.
References
- dum in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- dum in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
- as long as one's strength holds out: dum vires suppetunt
- as long as I live: dum vita suppetit; dum (quoad) vivo
- I cannot wait till..: nihil mihi longius est or videtur quam dum or quam ut
- dum in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Maia
Middle English
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare English dumb, Danish dum and Swedish dum, Icelandic dumbur, Dutch dom, German dumm.
Adjective
dum (neuter singular dumt, definite singular and plural dumme, comparative dummere, indefinite superlative dummest, definite superlative dummeste)
Derived terms
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.
Old French
Alternative forms
Old Irish
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
dum | dum pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ |
ndum |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- d'um (dated)
Pronunciation
Contraction
dum m
Saterland Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian dumb, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz. More at dumb.
Synonyms
- hoolich
Derived terms
- Dumstolt
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish dumber, from Old Norse dumbr, from Proto-Germanic *dumbaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-. Compare Norwegian dumb, Danish dum, Icelandic dumbur, English dumb, Dutch dom and German dumm.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdɵmː/
audio (file)
Declension
Inflection of dum | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | dum | dummare | dummast |
Neuter singular | dumt | dummare | dummast |
Plural | dumma | dummare | dummast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | dumme | dummare | dummaste |
All | dumma | dummare | dummaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. |