geindre
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʒɛ̃dʁ/
Etymology 1
From Old French giembre, inherited from Latin gemere, present active infinitive of gemō. Doublet of gémir.
Conjugation
This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in ‘t’ instead of a vowel.
Conjugation of geindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | geignant /ʒɛ.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | geint /ʒɛ̃/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | geindre | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | geignant /ʒɛ.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | geins /ʒɛ̃/ |
geins /ʒɛ̃/ |
geint /ʒɛ̃/ |
geignons /ʒɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
geignez /ʒɛ.ɲe/ |
geignent /ʒɛɲ/ |
| imperfect | geignais /ʒɛ.ɲɛ/ |
geignais /ʒɛ.ɲɛ/ |
geignait /ʒɛ.ɲɛ/ |
geignions /ʒɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
geigniez /ʒɛ.ɲje/ |
geignaient /ʒɛ.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | geignis /ʒɛ.ɲi/ |
geignis /ʒɛ.ɲi/ |
geignit /ʒɛ.ɲi/ |
geignîmes /ʒɛ.ɲim/ |
geignîtes /ʒɛ.ɲit/ |
geignirent /ʒɛ.ɲiʁ/ | |
| future | geindrai /ʒɛ̃.dʁe/ |
geindras /ʒɛ̃.dʁa/ |
geindra /ʒɛ̃.dʁa/ |
geindrons /ʒɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ |
geindrez /ʒɛ̃.dʁe/ |
geindront /ʒɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | geindrais /ʒɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
geindrais /ʒɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
geindrait /ʒɛ̃.dʁɛ/ |
geindrions /ʒɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
geindriez /ʒɛ̃.dʁi.je/ |
geindraient /ʒɛ̃.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | geigne /ʒɛɲ/ |
geignes /ʒɛɲ/ |
geigne /ʒɛɲ/ |
geignions /ʒɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ |
geigniez /ʒɛ.ɲje/ |
geignent /ʒɛɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | geignisse /ʒɛ.ɲis/ |
geignisses /ʒɛ.ɲis/ |
geignît /ʒɛ.ɲi/ |
geignissions /ʒɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ |
geignissiez /ʒɛ.ɲi.sje/ |
geignissent /ʒɛ.ɲis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | geins /ʒɛ̃/ |
— | geignons /ʒɛ.ɲɔ̃/ |
geignez /ʒɛ.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Etymology 2
From the Old French joindre, gaindre (nominative/subjective case), inherited from Vulgar Latin *jŭnior, from Latin iūnior, jūnior (nominative). Also a doublet of junior, borrowed later from the Latin word's accusative form (whence also the Old French oblique case gignor was inherited).
Alternative forms
- gindre
Further reading
- “geindre” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
- “gindre” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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