perdre
Catalan
Etymology
From Old Occitan perdre, from Latin perdere, present active infinitive of perdō.
Pronunciation
Conjugation
Conjugation of perdre (second conjugation)
| infinitive | perdre | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | perdent | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | perdut | perduda | |||||
| plural | perduts | perdudes | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | perdo | perds | perd | perdem | perdeu | perden | |
| imperfect | perdia | perdies | perdia | perdíem | perdíeu | perdien | |
| future | perdré | perdràs | perdrà | perdrem | perdreu | perdran | |
| preterite | perdí | perderes | perdé | perdérem | perdéreu | perderen | |
| conditional | perdria | perdries | perdria | perdríem | perdríeu | perdrien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | perdi | perdis | perdi | perdem | perdeu | perdin | |
| imperfect | perdés | perdessis | perdés | perdéssim | perdéssiu | perdessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| — | perd | perdi | perdem | perdeu | perdin | ||
Related terms
- pèrdua f
References
- Institut d’Estudis Catalans (1995). Diccionari de la llengua catalana (4th edition). →ISBN.
French
Etymology
From Middle French perdre, from Old French perdre, from Latin perdere, present active infinitive of perdō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /pɛʁdʁ/
audio (file)
Verb
perdre
- (transitive) to lose (be unable to find)
- (transitive, intransitive) to lose (not win)
- (reflexive) to get lost
Conjugation
Conjugation of perdre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | perdant /pɛʁ.dɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | perdu /pɛʁ.dy/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | perdre | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | perdant /pɛʁ.dɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perds /pɛʁ/ |
perds /pɛʁ/ |
perd /pɛʁ/ |
perdons /pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ |
perdez /pɛʁ.de/ |
perdent /pɛʁd/ |
| imperfect | perdais /pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
perdais /pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
perdait /pɛʁ.dɛ/ |
perdions /pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ |
perdiez /pɛʁ.dje/ |
perdaient /pɛʁ.dɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | perdis /pɛʁ.di/ |
perdis /pɛʁ.di/ |
perdit /pɛʁ.di/ |
perdîmes /pɛʁ.dim/ |
perdîtes /pɛʁ.dit/ |
perdirent /pɛʁ.diʁ/ | |
| future | perdrai /pɛʁ.dʁe/ |
perdras /pɛʁ.dʁa/ |
perdra /pɛʁ.dʁa/ |
perdrons /pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/ |
perdrez /pɛʁ.dʁe/ |
perdront /pɛʁ.dʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | perdrais /pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
perdrais /pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
perdrait /pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ |
perdrions /pɛʁ.dʁi.jɔ̃/ |
perdriez /pɛʁ.dʁi.je/ |
perdraient /pɛʁ.dʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | perde /pɛʁd/ |
perdes /pɛʁd/ |
perde /pɛʁd/ |
perdions /pɛʁ.djɔ̃/ |
perdiez /pɛʁ.dje/ |
perdent /pɛʁd/ |
| imperfect2 | perdisse /pɛʁ.dis/ |
perdisses /pɛʁ.dis/ |
perdît /pɛʁ.di/ |
perdissions /pɛʁ.di.sjɔ̃/ |
perdissiez /pɛʁ.di.sje/ |
perdissent /pɛʁ.dis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | perds /pɛʁ/ |
— | perdons /pɛʁ.dɔ̃/ |
perdez /pɛʁ.de/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “perdre” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French perdre.
Old French
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of perdre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | perdre | avoir perdu | |||||
| gerund | en perdant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | perdant | ||||||
| past participle | perdu | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | pert | perz | pert | perdons | perdez | perdent |
| imperfect | perdoie, perdeie | perdoies, perdeies | perdoit, perdeit | perdiiens, perdiens | perdiiez, perdiez | perdoient, perdeient | |
| preterite | perdi | perdis | perdié | perdimes | perdistes | perdierent | |
| future | perdrai | perdras | perdra | perdrons | perdroiz, perdreiz, perdrez | perdront | |
| conditional | perdroie, perdreie | perdroies, perdreies | perdroit, perdreit | perdriiens, perdriens | perdriiez, perdriez | perdroient, perdreient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | perde | perdes | perde | perdons | perdez | perdent |
| imperfect | perdisse | perdisses | perdist | perdissons, perdissiens | perdissoiz, perdissez, perdissiez | perdissent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | pert | — | perdons | perdez | — | ||
Antonyms
- (be unable to find): trover
- (not win): gaaingnier
Old Occitan
References
- von Wartburg, Walther (1928-2002), “perdere”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 80, page 221
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