scar
English
Pronunciation
- (General American) enPR: skär, IPA(key): /skɑɹ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /skɑː(ɹ)/
- Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
(file)
Etymology 1
From Middle English scar, scarre, a conflation of Old French escare (“scab”) (from Late Latin eschara, from Ancient Greek ἐσχάρα (eskhára, “scab left from a burn”)) and Middle English skar (“incision, cut, fissure”) (from Old Norse skarð (“notch, chink, gap”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz (“gap, cut, fragment”)). Akin to Old Norse skor (“notch, score”), Old English sċeard (“gap, cut, notch”). More at shard.
Noun
scar (plural scars)
- A permanent mark on the skin, sometimes caused by the healing of a wound.
- (by extension) A permanent negative effect on someone's mind, caused by a traumatic experience.
- 2011, O. P. Sharma, Be a Winner, →ISBN:
- Thus, it is wise to avoid cultivating an emotional scar, as it can play havoc with your happiness and success.
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Related terms
Translations
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Verb
scar (third-person singular simple present scars, present participle scarring, simple past and past participle scarred)
- (transitive) To mark the skin permanently.
- Shakespeare
- Yet I'll not shed her blood; / Nor scar that whiter skin of hers than snow.
- Shakespeare
- (intransitive) To form a scar.
- (transitive, figuratively) To affect deeply in a traumatic manner.
- Seeing his parents die in a car crash scarred him for life.
Derived terms
Translations
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See also
Etymology 2
From Middle English scarre, skarr, skerre, sker, a borrowing from Old Norse sker (“an isolated rock in the sea; skerry”). Cognate with Icelandic sker, Norwegian skjær, Swedish skär, Danish skær. Doublet of skerry.
Noun
scar (plural scars)
Translations
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
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Etymology 3
From Latin scarus (“a kind of fish”), from Ancient Greek σκάρος (skáros, “parrot wrasse, Sparisoma cretense, syn. Scarus cretensis”).
Noun
scar (plural scars)
- A marine food fish, the scarus or parrotfish (family Scaridae).
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for scar in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish scaraid, from Proto-Celtic *skarati, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈskaɾˠ/
Verb
scar (present analytic scarann, future analytic scarfaidh, verbal noun scaradh, past participle scartha)
- to sever
- to separate
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
- Do bhí brón mór air a bheith ag scaramhaint le n-a chailín ach ni raibh leigheas air, chaithfeadh sé imtheacht.
- He was very sorry to be separating from his girl, but it couldn’t be helped, he had to go.
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
- to tear asunder
Conjugation
singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative | present | scaraim | scarann tú; scarair† |
scarann sé, sí | scaraimid | scarann sibh | scarann siad; scaraid† |
a scarann; a scaras | scartar |
past | scar mé; scaras | scar tú; scarais | scar sé, sí | scaramar; scar muid | scar sibh; scarabhair | scar siad; scaradar | a scar / ar scar* |
scaradh | |
past habitual | scarainn | scartá | scaradh sé, sí | scaraimis; scaradh muid | scaradh sibh | scaraidís; scaradh siad | a scaradh / ar scaradh* |
scartaí | |
future | scarfaidh mé; scarfad |
scarfaidh tú; scarfair† |
scarfaidh sé, sí | scarfaimid; scarfaidh muid |
scarfaidh sibh | scarfaidh siad; scarfaid† |
a scarfaidh; a scarfas | scarfar | |
conditional | scarfainn | scarfá | scarfadh sé, sí | scarfaimis; scarfadh muid | scarfadh sibh | scarfaidís; scarfadh siad | a scarfadh / ar scarfadh* |
scarfaí | |
subjunctive | present | go scara mé; go scarad† |
go scara tú; go scarair† |
go scara sé, sí | go scaraimid; go scara muid |
go scara sibh | go scara siad; go scaraid† |
— | go scartar |
past | dá scarainn | dá scartá | dá scaradh sé, sí | dá scaraimis; dá scaradh muid |
dá scaradh sibh | dá scaraidís; dá scaradh siad |
— | dá scartaí | |
imperative | scaraim | scar | scaradh sé, sí | scaraimis | scaraigí; scaraidh† |
scaraidís | — | scartar | |
verbal noun | scaradh | ||||||||
past participle | scartha |
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
Derived terms
- soscartha (“easily separated; isolable”, adjective)
Further reading
- “scaraid” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
- “scaraim” in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, Irish Texts Society, 1st ed., 1904, by Patrick S. Dinneen, page 602.
- "scar" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Entries containing “scar” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
- “scar” at the Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926 of the Royal Irish Academy.