Corpulence index

The Corpulence Index (CI) or Ponderal Index (PI) is a measure of leanness (corpulence) of a person[1] calculated as a relationship between mass and height.[2] It was first proposed in 1921 as the "Corpulence measure" by Swiss physician Fritz Rohrer[3][4] and hence is also known as Rohrer's Index.[5] It is similar to the body mass index, but the mass is normalized with the third power of body height rather than the second power.[6] It took almost a century after Rohrer proposed it, before Sultan Babar showed that CI does not need to be adjusted for height after adolescence.[4]

with in kilograms and in metres, giving a measure with the same dimensions as density. The corpulence index yields valid results even for very short and very tall persons,[7] which is a problem with BMI — for example, an ideal height-adjusted body weight for a person 150 cm tall will render BMI of 20.7 and CI of 13.6, while for a person 200 cm tall the BMI will be 24.84, very close to the "overweight" threshold of 25, while CI will be 12.4.[8]

Because of this property, it is most commonly used in pediatrics.[9][10] (For a baby, one can take crown-heel length for the height.[11]) The normal values for infants are about twice as high as for adults, which is the result of their relatively short legs. It does not need to be adjusted for age after adolescence.[6] It has also been shown to have a lower false positive rate in athletes.[12]

The corpulence index is variously defined (the first definition should be preferred due to the use of SI-units kg and m) as follows:

Formula Units for mass
(body weight)		 Units for height
(or length)		 Values considered normal or typical
for a 12-month-old infant beyond infancy
[10] kilograms metres 24[9] 12[6]
[9] grams centimetres (same values as above)
[1][13] pounds inches 12.49 to 13.92

Significance

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Foods and Nutrition Encyclopedia, Audrey H. Ensminger, Marion Eugene Ensminger. p. 1645
  2. ↑ EXSS 323: LAB 1 - BIOMECHANICS TOOLS: Computers, Algebra and Trig Oregon State University
  3. ↑ F. Rohrer (1921). "Der Index der Körperfülle als Maß des Ernährungszustandes". Münchner Med. WSCHR. 68: 580–582.
  4. 1 2 https://www.academia.edu/46810295/Multidirectional_regression_analysis
  5. ↑ http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-ponderal-index.htm
  6. 1 2 3 4 Babar, Sultan (March 2015). "Evaluating the Performance of 4 Indices in Determining Adiposity". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins). 25 (2): 183. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
  7. ↑ Lawrence F. Ditmier: New Developments in Obesity Research. Nova Science Publishers, Hauppauge, New York 2006, ISBN 1-60021-296-4
  8. ↑ v Roth, Jonathan (2018). "Taller people should have Higher BMI's and Blood Pressure Measurements as their Normal" (PDF). Biomed J Sci & Tech Res. 6 (4). doi:10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001381.
  9. 1 2 3 Davies, D. P. (1980). "Size at birth and growth in the first year of life of babies who are overweight and underweight at birth". Proceedings of the Nutrition Society. 39 (1): 25–33. doi:10.1079/PNS19800005. PMID 6988835.
  10. 1 2 ACC/SCN NUTRITION POLICY PAPER No. 19 - Glossary Archived 2007-08-20 at the Wayback Machine by Lindsay H. Allen and Stuart R. Gillespie
  11. ↑ Fayyaz, Jabeen (June 2005). "Ponderal Index". Journal of Pakistan Medical Association. 55 (6): 228–9. PMID 16045088.
  12. ↑ Babar, Sultan (March 2016). "The Use of Adiposity Indices for Wide Receivers From 2015 NFL Combine". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins) 2. 26 (2): e23. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
  13. ↑ https://captaincalculator.com/health/weight/ponderal-index-calculator/
  14. ↑ Khoury, MJ; Berg, CJ; Calle, EE (September 1990). "The ponderal index in term newborn siblings". American Journal of Epidemiology. 132 (3): 576–83. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115694. PMID 2389761.
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