Simeticone

Simeticone
Names
Trade namesGas-X, Infacol, Wind-eze, others
Other namesActivated dimeticone, simethicone[1] (USAN US)
IUPAC name
  • Poly(dimethylsiloxane), silicon dioxide
Clinical data
WHO AWaReUnlinkedWikibase error: ⧼unlinkedwikibase-error-statements-entity-not-set⧽
Routes of
use		By mouth
External links
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
Legal
Legal status
Pharmacokinetics
BioavailabilityNone
Protein binding0%
MetabolismNot metabolized
Elimination half-lifeN/A
Excretionfeces
Chemical and physical data
Formula(C2H6OSi)n · (SiO2)m
Molar massvariable

Simeticone, also spelled simethicone, is a medication used to treat excess intestinal gas.[2] Evidence of benefit is; however, unclear.[3] It is taken by mouth.[2] It is not recommended for baby colic in the United States but is used for this purpose in the United Kingdom.[2][4]

It is generally well tolerated.[2] Use during breastfeeding and pregnancy is believed to be safe.[2][5] It acts within the intestines and is said to works by promoting the breakdown of bubbles.[2]

Simeticone has been in medical use since the 1950s.[6] It is available as a generic medication and over the counter.[2] It is relatively inexpensive.[7] It may also be available in combination with other medications such as loperamide and antacids.[4]

Medical uses

Intestinal gas

Comparison of colonoscopy a) Obscuration caused by intraluminal gas bubbles b) excellent visibility with PEG-Asc plus simethicone

Simeticone is used to relieve the symptoms of excessive gas in the gastrointestinal tract, namely bloating, burping and flatulence.[8][9] There; however, is a lack of conclusive evidence that simeticone is effective for this use.[3][7]

Baby colic

It is unclear if simeticone is useful to treat colic in babies,[10] and it is not recommended for this purpose in the United States.[11] Evidence is sparse, although in 2017, a study in the United Kingdom reported that according to parental perception simeticone helped in some cases.[12]

Side effects

Two possible side effects which are uncommon (occurring in 1 in 100 to 1 in 1,000 patients) are constipation and nausea.[13]

Pharmacology

Simeticone is an anti-foaming agent that decreases the surface tension of gas bubbles, causing them to combine into larger bubbles in the digestive tract. Its effectiveness has been shown in several in vitro studies.[14][15]

However, simeticone does not reduce or prevent the formation of gas.[16]

Chemistry

The chemical name for simeticone is α-(trimethylsilyl)-ω-methylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], mixture with silicon dioxide.[17]

Society and culture

The INN name is "simeticone", which was added to the INN recommended list in 1999.[17]

Simeticone is marketed under many brand names and in many combination drugs; it is also marketed as a veterinary drug.[18]

Brands

Brand names include A.F., Acid Off, Aero Red, Aero-OM, Aero-Sim, Aerocol, Aerox, Aesim, Aflat, Air-X, Anaflat, Antiflat, Baby Rest, Bicarsim, Bicarsim Forte, Blow-X, Bobotic, Bobotik, Carbogasol, Colic E, Colin, Cuplaton, Degas, Dentinox, Dermatix, Digesta, Dimetikon Meda, Disflatyl, Disolgas, Elugan N, Elzym, Endo-Paractol, Enterosilicona, Espaven Antigas, Espumisan, Espumisan L, Flacol, Flapex, Flatidyl, Flatoril, Flatulex, Flucolic, Gas X, Gas-X, Gaselab, Gaseoflat, Gaseoflatex, Gaseophar, Gaseoplus, Gaseovet, Gaservol, Gasnil, Gasofilm, Gastrex, Gastrosen, Gazim X, Gazix, Geludrox-HS, Genasyme, Ilio-Funkton, Imogas, Imogaze, Imonogas, Infacalm, Infacol, Infacolic, Lefax, Lefaxin, Lefoam, Logastin, Luftal, Maxi Flat, Meteosim, Metiorisan, Metsil, Mylanta, Mylicon, Mylicongas, Mylom, Mymus, Nanog, Neodrop, Neogasol, Neolanta, Orocure, Ovol, Pedicon, Phazin, Phazyme, Restime, Rugby Gas Relief, Sab Simplex, Salinal, Semecon, Semeth, Sicongast, Siflat, Silbione, Siligas, Silipin, Sim, Simcone, Simecon, Simecrin, Simedill, Simegut, Simet, Simethicon, Simethicone, Simetic, Simeticon, Simeticona, Simeticone, Siméticone, Simeticonum, Simetigast, Simflat, Simicol, Simicon, Wilcon, Wind-eze and WindSetlers.[18]

It is also marketed as a combination drug:[18]

  • with algeldrate as Kestomatine
  • with aluminum or magnesium salts and in some cases both, as Alamag Plus, Almacone, Alposim, Aluphagel, Alutop, Amico-L Andursil, Axcel Eviline, Boots Wind Relief, Di-Gel, Diovol Plus, Diovol Plus AF, Gas Ban DS, Hydrosil, Iosopan Plus, Kremil, Kremil-S, Maalox Plus, Mi-Acid, Mygel, Mylagen, Polysilane Delalande, Rumibex and Trial AG
  • with alverine as Avarin, Meteospasmyl, Nady-Spasmyl
  • with barium sulfate as Bario Dif
  • with bismuth as Gastop
  • with calcium carbonate as Flamints, Gaseoflatex Plus, Malugel, Titralac Plus
  • with activated charcoal as Carbosylane, Clingest, Finigax. Flatuna
  • with cinitapride as Rogastril Plus
  • with clebopride as Flatoril
  • with dicycloverine as Cloact, Colicspam, Colimix, Colispas, Coliza-D, Cyclopam, Fri-Spas, Meftal Spas, Respas, Simcomine, Spasact, Spasmindon DPS
  • with domperidone as Bigetric, Dom Simecon, Doprokin-S, Glomoti, Moperidona AF, Mutecium, Praxis
  • with hydrotalcite as Altacide and Talsil Forte
  • with homatropine as Aero-Sim Compuesto, Asestor, Factor AG, Sedotropina Flat
  • with lactulose as Dinolak
  • with levonorgestrel as Jaydess
  • with loperamide as Eldoper Plus, Imodium Duo, Imolopesim, Loperamide HCl/Dimeticon, Loperuma, Lositala, Losiwuto, Regulane AF, Stoperan Plus, Toban F Plus
  • with magaldrate as Aci Basic, Aci-Tip, Acicone-S, Acid-Farvet, Acifin, Amalset, Antiax, Asidrat, Assis, Avicid, Banacid-s, Buenox, Cremalon, Curecid, Digax, Digeril, Endcid, Gaseovet MS, Gastrine, Gastrogel, Gastroral, Gastrorapid, Magacid, Magal-D, Magalat, Magaldrato+Simeticona, Magaldrax, Maganta Plus, Magsilon, Marlox Plus, Megacil Plus, Megalrat Plus, Minicidez, Miopan Plus, Novelta, Oxecone-MS, Riopan Plus, Rolac Plus, Sedo Mag, Simagal, Simelgat Plus, Taimacon, Zymcon
  • with metoclopramide as Anaflat Compuesto, Di-Aero OM, Digespar, Factorine, Pangastren
  • with mosapride as M-Pride-MPS, Moxar, Moza MPS
  • with pancreatin as Anaflat Enzimático, Digenil, Digesflat, Enzym Lefax, Enzymet, Enzymin, fermento duodenal, Finigax Indigestion, Flaton, Flazymec, Gasflat, Gaszym, Gesdyp, Hazmolin, Komflat, MeteoZym, Pankreoflat, Tripanzym
  • with papaverine as Espasmo Siligas
  • with pinaverium as Alevian Duo, Pladuet, Planex
  • with pipenzolate bromide as Cadinol, Gasorbol Gotas
  • with phloroglucinol as Meteoxane
  • with trimebutine as Eumotil-S, Eumotrix Plus, Libertrim SDP, Libertrim SII, Muvett S
  • with urea as Hidribet.

It is also marketed as veterinary drug under the brands Birp and Methysilox.

References

  1. ↑ "Simethicone names". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 18 September 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Simethicone Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  3. 1 2 Modi, Ronak; Clearfield, Harris R.; Levitt, Michael (July 2013). "Belching, Bloating and Flatulence". American College of Gastroenterology. Archived from the original on 2018-07-28. Retrieved 2017-08-27.
  4. 1 2 BNF 79 : March 2020. London: Royal Pharmaceutical Society. 2020. p. 68, 72. ISBN 9780857113658.
  5. ↑ Briggs, Gerald G.; Freeman, Roger K.; Yaffe, Sumner J. (2012). Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation: A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 1334. ISBN 978-1-4511-5359-0. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  6. ↑ Chandrasekhara, Vinay; Elmunzer, B. Joseph; Khashab, Mouen; Muthusamy, V. Raman (2018). Clinical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 351. ISBN 978-0-323-54792-5. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  7. 1 2 Kellerman, Rick D.; Association, KUSM-W. Medical Practice (2020). Conn's Current Therapy 2020, E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-323-73299-4. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2020-10-07.
  8. ↑ "Simethicone tablet". NIH DailyMed. April 2016. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  9. ↑ "Simeticone". NHS. 10 October 2019. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  10. ↑ Biagioli E, Tarasco V, Lingua C, Moja L, Savino F (September 2016). "Pain-relieving agents for infantile colic". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 9: CD009999. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009999.pub2. PMC 6457752. PMID 27631535.
  11. ↑ "Simethicone". drugs.com. Archived from the original on 2018-06-26. Retrieved 2017-11-16. Efficacy not established for the symptomatic relief of immediate postprandial upper abdominal distress
  12. ↑ Goldman M, Beaumont T (March 2017). "A real world evaluation of a treatment for infant colic based on the experience and perceptions of 4004 parents". British Journal of Nursing. 26 (5 Suppl 1): S3–S10. doi:10.12968/bjon.2017.26.Sup5.S3. PMID 28350192.
  13. ↑ "Simethicone Side Effects in Detail". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 26 June 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  14. ↑ Brecević L, Bosan-Kilibarda I, Strajnar F (May 1994). "Mechanism of antifoaming action of simethicone". Journal of Applied Toxicology. Wiley. 14 (3): 207–11. doi:10.1002/jat.2550140311. PMID 8083482. S2CID 7453218. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 30 January 2020.
  15. ↑ Dittrich M, Miederer SE, Havertz B, Krastev R (12 May 2010). "Schaumzerstörung und Schaumverhinderung: Der Wirkmechanismus von Simeticon in vitro" [Defoaming and antifoaming action of simethicone in vitro] (PDF). Journal für Gastroenterologische und Hepatologische Erkrankungen. (in German). Krause & Pachernegg. 8 (3): 19–25. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 30 January 2020.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  16. ↑ "Treatment of Gas". International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders. 4 September 2015. Archived from the original on 8 September 2018. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
  17. 1 2 "Recommended INN List 42" (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 13 (3): 202. 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-07-05. Retrieved 2020-10-05.
  18. 1 2 3 "Simeticone international brands". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017. Retrieved 27 August 2017.
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