Propantheline

Propantheline
Names
Other namesPropantheline bromide
IUPAC name
  • N-isopropyl-N-methyl-N-{2-[(9H-xanthen-9-ylcarbonyl)oxy]ethyl}propan-2-aminium bromide
Clinical data
Drug classAntimuscarinic[1]
Main usesExcessive sweating, irritable bowel syndrome, loss of bladder control[2]
Side effectsDry mouth, blurry vision, arrhythmias, anaphylaxis, sleepiness[2][1]
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External links
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa684020
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC23H30NO3
Molar mass368.497 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • [Br-].O=C(OCC[N+](C(C)C)(C(C)C)C)C2c3c(Oc1c2cccc1)cccc3
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C23H30NO3.BrH/c1-16(2)24(5,17(3)4)14-15-26-23(25)22-18-10-6-8-12-20(18)27-21-13-9-7-11-19(21)22;/h6-13,16-17,22H,14-15H2,1-5H3;1H/q+1;/p-1 checkY
  • Key:XLBIBBZXLMYSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-M checkY

Propantheline is a medication used to treat excessive sweating, irritable bowel syndrome, and loss of bladder control.[2] It has been used for peptic ulcer disease; however evidence to support this use is poor.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Common side effects include dry mouth and blurry vision.[1] Other side effects may include arrhythmias, anaphylaxis, and sleepiness.[2][1] Safety in pregnancy is unclear.[1] It is an antimuscarinic.[1]

Propantheline was approved for medical use in the United States in 1953.[1] In the United Kingdom 112 tablets of 15 mg costs the NHS about £20 in 2021.[2] In the United States this amount costs about 300 USD.[3]

Medical uses

By relaxing the gut muscle, propantheline can relieve pain in conditions caused by spasm of the muscle in the gut. Relaxing the smooth muscle in the bladder prevents the involuntary spasms that can allow leakage of urine from the bladder in the condition known as enuresis (involuntary urination in adults). Propantheline can also be used to treat excessive sweating because acetylcholine block also reduces secretions such as sweat and tears.

This can also be prescribed by dentists for certain patients who salivate excessively. By giving this medication it becomes easier to do "dry" dentistry.

Dosage

The typical dose is 15 mg before eating and 30 mg at night.[1] The maximum dose per day is 120 mg.[2]

Side effects

Side effects include tachycardia, constipation, hypersensitivity to light, dry mouth, and urinary retention.

Mechanism of action

Propantheline is one of a group of antispasmodic medications which work by blocking the action of the chemical messenger acetylcholine, which is produced by nerve cells, to muscarinic receptors present in various smooth muscular tissues, in places such as the gut, bladder and eye. Normally, the binding of acetylcholine induces involuntary smooth muscular contractions.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Propantheline Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 94. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  3. ↑ "Propantheline Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021. Retrieved 29 October 2021.
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