2023 Enugu State gubernatorial election

The 2023 Enugu State gubernatorial election took place on 18th March 2023, to elect the Governor of Enugu State, concurrent with elections to the Enugu State House of Assembly as well as twenty-seven other gubernatorial elections and elections to all other state houses of assembly.[1][2] The election—which was postponed from its original 11 March date—was held three weeks after the presidential election and National Assembly elections.[3] Incumbent PDP Governor Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term.

2023 Enugu State gubernatorial election
18 March 2023
Registered2,112,793
 
APC
Nominee Uche Nnaji Frank Nweke
Party APC APGA
Running mate George Ogara Edith Ugwuanyi
 
LP
Nominee Chijioke Edeoga Peter Mbah
Party LP PDP
Running mate John Nwokeabia Ifeanyi Ossai
Governor before election

Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi
PDP

 Elected Governor

Peter Mbah
PDP

Party primaries were scheduled for between 4 April and 9 June 2022 with the Peoples Democratic Party nominating former commissioner Peter Mbah on 25 May while the All Progressives Congress nominated businessman Uche Nnaji unopposed on 26 May and the All Progressives Grand Alliance nominated former minister Frank Nweke on 29 May.[4][5][6] On 4 August, Chijioke Edeoga—the runner-up in the PDP primary—won the primary of the Labour Party.[7] The LP primary was annulled by a Federal High Court ruling on 9 November but a Court of Appeal judgment on 6 January 2023 overturned the High Court ruling, reinstating Edeoga as the legitimate LP nominee.[8][9]

Electoral system

The Governor of Enugu State is elected using a modified two-round system. To be elected in the first round, a candidate must receive the plurality of the vote and over 25% of the vote in at least two-thirds of state local government areas. If no candidate passes this threshold, a second round will be held between the top candidate and the next candidate to have received a plurality of votes in the highest number of local government areas.

Background

Enugu State is a small, Igbo-majority southeastern state with a growing economy and natural resources but facing an underdeveloped agricultural sector, rising debt, and a low COVID-19 vaccination rate.

Politically, the state's 2019 elections were categorized as a continuation of the PDP's control as Ugwuanyi won with over 95% of the vote and the party won every seat in the House of Assembly along with all three senate seats and all eight House of Representatives seats. On the presidential level, the state was easily won by PDP presidential nominee Atiku Abubakar but it did swung towards Buhari compared to 2015 and had lower turnout.

During its second term, the Ugwuanyi administration's stated focuses included battling insecurity, completing infrastructure projects, and improving rural roads. In terms of his performance, Ugwuanyi was commended for taking some action to combat insecurity, expanding the rural road network, and properly deescalating November 2020 religious clashes in Nsukka while being criticized for failing to stop kidnappings and poor water management.[10][11][12][13]

Primary elections

The primaries, along with any potential challenges to primary results, were to take place between 4 April and 3 June 2022 but the deadline was extended to 9 June.[2][14] An informal zoning gentlemen's agreement sets the Enugu East Senatorial District to have the next governor as Enugu East has not held the governorship since 2007.[15][16] While the APC zoned their nomination to the East, the PDP and APGA did not make a formal zoning decision; all three parties ultimately nominated an easterner.

All Progressives Congress

In June 2021, Enugu APC Chairman Ben Nwoye announced that the party had zoned their nomination to Enugu East Senatorial District.

On 20 April 2022, the APC National Executive Committee announced the party's schedule for gubernatorial primaries, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦10 million and nomination form price at ₦40 million with a 50% nomination form discount for candidates younger than 40 while women and candidates with disabilities get free nomination forms. Forms were to be sold from 26 April to 6 May until the deadline was later extended to 10 May then 12 May.[17] After the submission of nomination forms by 13 May, candidates were screened by a party committee on 14 and 15 May while 16 May was the date for the screening appeal process.[18] Ward congresses and LGA congresses were set for between 7 and 9 May to elect delegates for the primary. Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 26 May, in concurrence with other APC gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made the next day.[19][20][21][22]

On the primary date, businessman Uche Nnaji was the sole candidate and won the nomination unopposed. In his acceptance speech, Nnaji vowed to bring prosperity to Enugu State as governor.[5] However, a few days after the primary, there were reports that the APC was in discussions with longtime Senator and losing PDP gubernatorial candidate Ike Ekweremadu over substituting him in as the party nominee;[23] the talks failed though and Nnaji remained nominee.[24] In mid-August, Nnaji announced George Ogara as his running mate at the party’s Zonal Secretariat.[25]

Nominated
  • Uche Nnaji: businessman[5]
    • Running mate—George Ogara[25]

Withdrew
  • Chris Agu: former civil servant[26]
  • Dave Nnamani: marketing manager[27]

Declined

Results
APC primary results[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
APC Uche Nnaji 1,070 100.00%
Total votes 1,070 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 30 N/A
Turnout 1,100 84.62%

All Progressives Grand Alliance
On 25 March 2022, the national APGA announced its primary schedule, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦3 million and the nomination form price at ₦12 million with a 50% discount for women candidates and candidates with disabilities.[28] Forms are to be sold from 29 March to 11 April; after the purchase of forms, gubernatorial candidates are to be screened by a party committee on 22 and 23 April while the screening appeal process is slated for 5 May. Ward congresses are set for 10 May to elect delegates for the primary. Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 29 May, in concurrence with all other APGA gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made on 31 May.[29][30]

Pre-primary analysis gave the edge to former Minister of Information Frank Nweke due to Nweke's political experience and the low name recognition of his opponents.[31] On the primary date, five candidates contested an indirect primary that ended with Nweke emerging as the APGA nominee after results showed Nweke winning just under 50% of the delegates' votes, defeating businessman Jeff Nnamani by just 6 votes.[6] In mid-July, Nweke picked Edith Ugwuanyi—a businesswoman from Ibagwa-Aka in Igbo Eze South—as his running mate at a press briefing in Enugu.[32][33][34]

Nominated
  • Frank Nweke: former Minister of Information and Communications (2005–2007), former Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs (2003–2005), and former Chief of Staff to the Governor (2001–2003)[35][36][6]
    • Running mate—Edith Ugwuanyi: businesswoman[32]

Eliminated in primary
  • Jeff Nnamani: businessman[37][6]
  • Uchenna Nwegbo[6]
  • Donatus Obi-Ozoemena: 2019 UDP gubernatorial nominee (defected after the primary to run in the ADC gubernatorial primary)[38][6]
  • Dons Udeh: former state PDP Secretary; former Commissioner for Works, Housing and Transport; and former Commissioner for Commerce and Industry[39][6]

Results

Candidates' vote share

  Frank Nweke (49.19%)
  Jeff Nnamani (48.11%)
  Other candidates (2.70%)
APGA primary results[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
APGA Frank Nweke 273 49.19%
APGA Jeff Nnamani 267 48.11%
APGA Uchenna Nwegbo 9 1.62%
APGA Donatus Obi-Ozoemena 4 0.72%
APGA Dons Udeh 2 0.36%
Total votes 555 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 0 N/A
Turnout 555 Unknown

People's Democratic Party

A 2013 Enugu PDP internal party resolution that resurfaced in August 2021 enshrined zoning for the 2015 election and thus adding to the claims of the pro-zoning to Enugu East camp.[40] Zoning became under threat due to the gubernatorial candidacy of longtime Senator Ike Ekweremadu, who is from Enugu West, as he and his allies denied that zoning was ever a factor in the state or claimed that it was no longer necessary; the controversy that surrounded Ekweremadu's campaign and disregard for zoning led to vast internal divisions within the party.[41][42][43] Another cause of controversy was the alleged support that Ugwuanyi was giving to former commissioner Peter Mbah's candidacy despite Mbah's ongoing prosecution by the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission.[44]

On 16 March 2022, the national PDP announced its gubernatorial primaries' schedule, setting its expression of interest form price at ₦1 million and the nomination form price at ₦20 million with a 50% discount for candidates between 25 and 30. Forms were to be sold until 1 April but the party later extended the deadline four times before reaching a final deadline of 22 April. After the submission of nomination forms by 25 April, candidates were screened by a party committee on 28 April while 2 May was the rescheduled date for the screening appeal process. Ward congresses were set for 29 April and LGA congresses were rescheduled for 10 May to elect delegates for the primary.[45] Candidates approved by the screening process advanced to a primary set for 25 May, in concurrence with all other PDP gubernatorial primaries; challenges to the result could be made in the following days.[46][47]

Ahead of the primary, analysts named four candidates as the most likely to win: former commissioner Chijioke Jonathan Edeoga, Ekweremadu, Mbah, and former minister Bartholomew Nnaji.[31] The day before the primary, former Anambra State Governor Jim Nwobodo formally announced that Mbah was the preferred candidate of Ugwuanyi and other major Enugu State PDP figures.[48] Prior to the primary on the next day, three candidates (including Ekweremadu) withdrew in protest of the perceived imposition by Ugwuanyi while eight more candidates dropped out at the primary venue, but instead they endorsed Mbah.[49][50] When collation completed, Mbah won the nomination after announced results showed him winning over 97% of the delegates' votes.[4][51] In mid-June, Ifeanyi Ossai—a barrister from Nsukka—was announced as his running mate at a joint press conference with Mbah in Enugu.[52]

Nominated

Eliminated in primary

Withdrew

Declined

Results

Candidates' vote share

  Peter Mbah (98.26%)
  Other candidates (1.74%)
PDP primary results[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
PDP Peter Mbah 790 98.26%
PDP Chijioke Jonathan Edeoga 9 1.12%
PDP Chinyeaka Ohaa 3 0.37%
PDP Ike Ekweremadu (withdrawn) 1 0.12%
PDP Gilbert Nnaji 1 0.12%
PDP Other candidates 0 0.00%
Total votes 804 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes 3 N/A
Turnout 807 Unknown

Minor parties

Campaign

Like in most states, the months of June and July 2022 were dedicated to attempts at party reconciliation in the wake of the primaries. While the APC leadership crisis had never ended and APGA was never extremely divided, the PDP faced several internal divides based on personal and regional strife; both primary runner-up Chijioke Jonathan Edeoga and longtime Senator Ike Ekweremadu were rumored to be leaving the party after the primary as Ekweremadu first went to the APC before a new plan for an Ekweremadu-Edeoga ticket in the Labour Party was concocted since the minor party had grown due to Peter Obi's presidential campaign. However, the PDP was initially able to bring Ekweremadu and Edeoga back to the party with both releasing public statements accepting the primary results; but dynamics then shifted when Ekweremadu was arrested and detained in the United Kingdom for an organ-harvesting conspiracy while Edeoga ended up joining the Labour Party to become its nominee.[68]

As the campaign continued into August 2022, analysts noted the competing region-based claims for the right to contest the election along with the added factor of Ugwuanyi's senatorial candidacy for the Enugu North district.[69][70][71] The next month, reporting on the continued state APC internal crisis revealed such extreme infighting that it pundits argued the rival blocs focused more on internal power than electoral performance.[72][71] Nnaji even rejected campaign contributions from APC presidential nominee Bola Tinubu and claimed that disputes over those incoming funds were a driver of the internal crisis.[73] By September, multiple reports had classified Edeoga as a major candidate due to the Labour Party's growth and reported anger towards the long-governing state PDP (especially in the region around Nsukka).[74] However, in November, Edeoga's nomination was nullified by a court ruling;[8] the LP initiated an appeal instead of holding a new primary and the nullification was overturned by an Appeal Court ruling in early January.[75][9]

By February, attention mainly switched to the presidential election on 25 February. In the election, Enugu State voted for Peter Obi (LP); Obi won the state with 93.9% of the vote, beating Atiku Abubakar (PDP) at 3.5% and Bola Tinubu (APC) at 1.1%. Although the result was unsurprising—Enugu is in Obi's southeastern stronghold and projections had favored him—the result led to increased attention on the chances of both Edeoga and Nweke, especially considering the overall decline of the state PDP. Although Edeoga was the LP nominee and received Obi's endorsement, some elements of LP supporters balked at Edeoga's former association with Ugwuanyi in addition to his unpopular time as Environment Commissioner and instead backed Nweke.[76][77] Based on these dynamics, the EiE-SBM forecast projected Nweke to win.[78] On the other hand, a Premium Times article labeled the election as a "two-horse race" between Edeoga and Mbah.[79]

Projections
Source Projection As of
Africa Elects[lower-alpha 1][80] Tossup 17 March 2023
Enough is Enough-
SBM Intelligence[lower-alpha 2][78]		 Nweke 2 March 2023

Conduct

Electoral timetable

On 26 February 2022, the Independent National Electoral Commission released the timetable, setting out key dates and deadlines for the election.[81] Months later on 27 May 2022, INEC made a slight revision to the timetable, allowing parties extra time to conduct primaries.[82]

  • 28 February 2022 – Publication of Notice of Election
  • 4 April 2022 – First day for the conduct of party primaries
  • 9 June 2022[lower-alpha 3] – Final day for the conduct of party primaries, including the resolution of disputes arising from them
  • 1 July 2022 – First day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 15 July 2022 – Final day for submission of nomination forms to INEC via the online portal
  • 12 October 2022 – Commencement of the official campaign period
  • 16 March 2023[lower-alpha 4] – Final day of the official campaign period

General election

Results
2023 Enugu State gubernatorial election
Party Candidate Votes %
AA Chukwunonso Daniel Ogbe
ADP Nnamdi Omeje
APP Afamefuna Samuel Ani
AAC Ray Ogbodo
ADC Donatus Ozoemena
APM Kenneth Odoh Ikeh
APC Uche Nnaji
APGA Frank Nweke
LP TBD
NNPP Cajetan Eze
NRM Cyril Elochukwu Mamah
PDP Peter Mbah
PRP Christopher Ejike Agu
SDP Pearl Ogochukwu Nweze
YPP Ugochukwu Edeh
ZLP Elvis Chinazam Ugwoke
Total votes 100.00%
Invalid or blank votes N/A
Turnout

By senatorial district

The results of the election by senatorial district.

Senatorial District Uche Nnaji
APC		 Frank Nweke
APGA		 Chijioke Edeoga
LP		 Peter Mbah
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Enugu East Senatorial District[lower-alpha 5] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Enugu North Senatorial District[lower-alpha 6] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Enugu West Senatorial District[lower-alpha 7] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By federal constituency

The results of the election by federal constituency.

Federal Constituency Uche Nnaji
APC		 Frank Nweke
APGA		 Chijioke Edeoga
LP		 Peter Mbah
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Aninri/Awgu/Oji River Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 8] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Enugu East/Isi-Uzo Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 9] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Enugu North/Enugu South Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 10] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Ezeagu/Udi Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 11] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Igbo-Etiti/Uzo-Uwani Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 12] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Igboeze North/Udenu Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 13] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Nkanu East/Nkanu West Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 14] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Nsukka/Igbo-Eze South Federal Constituency[lower-alpha 15] TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD

By local government area

The results of the election by local government area.

LGA Uche Nnaji
APC		 Frank Nweke
APGA		 Chijioke Edeoga
LP		 Peter Mbah
PDP		 Others Total Valid Votes Turnout Percentage
Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage Votes Percentage
Aninri TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Awgu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Enugu East TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Enugu North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Enugu South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Ezeagu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Igbo Etiti TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Igbo Eze North TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Igbo Eze South TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Isi Uzo TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Nkanu East TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Nkanu West TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Nsukka TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Oji River TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Udenu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Udi TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Unadu TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Uzo Uwani TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  % TBD  %
Totals TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD % TBD %

See also

Notes
  1. AfricaElects projections predict the likelihood of a candidate winning a state by categorizing a state as "Safe" for exceedingly likely, "Likely" for somewhat likely, and "Lean" for least likely. If no clear determination could be made, states are categorized as "tossups".
  2. EiE-SBM projections predict which candidates will win states.
  3. The original deadline was 3 June; however, INEC pushed it back to 9 June at the behest of parties.[83]
  4. The original deadline was 9 March; however, INEC pushed it back to 16 March.[84]
  5. Comprising the local government areas of Enugu North, Enugu South, Isi Uzo, Nkanu East, and Nkanu West.
  6. Comprising the local government areas of Igbo Etiti, Igbo Eze North, Igbo Eze South, Nsukka, Udenu and Uzo Uwani.
  7. Comprising the local government areas of Aninri, Awgu, Ezeagu, Oji River, and Udi.
  8. Comprising the local government areas of Aninri, Awgu, and Oji River.
  9. Comprising the local government areas of Enugu East and Isi Uzo.
  10. Comprising the local government areas of Enugu North and Enugu South.
  11. Comprising the local government areas of Ezeagu and Udi.
  12. Comprising the local government areas of Igbo Etiti and Uzo Uwani.
  13. Comprising the local government areas of Igbo Eze North and Udenu.
  14. Comprising the local government areas of Nkanu East and Nkanu West.
  15. Comprising the local government areas of Nsukka and Igbo Eze South.

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