Bayannur

Bayannur or Bayannao'er (Chinese: 巴彦淖尔市; pinyin: bāyànnàoěr; Mongolian: Bayannaɣur qota, Mongolian Cyrillic Баяннуур хот) is a prefecture-level city in western Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Until 1 December 2003, the area was called Bayannur League.

This article is about the prefecture-level city in Inner Mongolia. For other uses, see Bayannuur (disambiguation).

Bayannur
巴彦淖尔市 • ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
Prefecture-level city
Linhe District, the seat of Bayannur
Linhe District, the seat of Bayannur
Location of Bayannur City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia
Location of Bayannur City jurisdiction in Inner Mongolia
Bayannur is located in Inner Mongolia
Bayannur
Bayannur
Location of the city centre in Inner Mongolia
Coordinates (Bayannur municipal government): 40°44′35″N 107°23′13″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
RegionInner Mongolia
Municipal seatLinhe District
Government
 • CPC SecretaryNashunmenghe
 • MayorHe Yonglin
Area
 • Prefecture-level city65,788 km2 (25,401 sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2017)[1]
80.51 km2 (31.09 sq mi)
 • Districts[1]2,354.0 km2 (908.9 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Prefecture-level city1,669,915
 • Density25/km2 (66/sq mi)
 • Urban
 (2017)[1]
385,700
 • Urban density4,800/km2 (12,000/sq mi)
 • Districts[1]
608,000
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
015000
Area code0478
ISO 3166 codeCN-NM-08
Websitebynr.gov.cn
Bayannur
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese巴彦淖尔
Traditional Chinese巴彥淖爾
Mongolian name
Mongolian CyrillicБаяннуур хот
Mongolian scriptᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ

Bayannur has an administrative area of 65,788 km2 (25,401 sq mi). The name of the city in Mongolian means "Rich Lake". As of the 2010 census, the population of Bayannur was 1,669,915; while the city proper, Linhe District, had 520,300 inhabitants.[2]

The city is served by the Bayannur Tianjitai Airport.

History

The Zhao dynasty (403 BCE–222 BCE) controlled an area including modern-day Bayannur, while the Western Han dynasty (206 BCE–24 CE) established a hierarchical Chinese administrative structure. The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) designated this area as part of "Inner Mongolia", but after its overthrow by the Republic of China (1912–1949), Bayannur was assigned to Suiyuan Province. Because of Mongol-Chinese cooperation with the Communist faction in the Chinese Civil War (stalled since 1950), Suiyuan was annexed to the new Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 1954, although not without controversy because of the province's large and longstanding ethnic Han majority.

Geography and climate

Bayannur is located in the western part of inner Mongolia Autonomous region. Neighbouring prefectures are:

It also borders Mongolia to the north. The whole area of the prefecture is 65,788 km2 (25,401 sq mi) at present and the total population is nearly 1.7 million. Bayannur features a desert climate (Köppen BWk), marked by long, cold and very dry winters, very warm, somewhat humid summers, and strong winds, especially in spring. Most of the rain falls between July and September, with very little snow in winter.

Climate data for Bayannur (Linhe District, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1956–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 12.3
(54.1)		 16.9
(62.4)		 24.2
(75.6)		 33.3
(91.9)		 36.6
(97.9)		 39.1
(102.4)		 39.4
(102.9)		 37.9
(100.2)		 36.0
(96.8)		 29.9
(85.8)		 20.2
(68.4)		 12.4
(54.3)		 39.4
(102.9)
Average high °C (°F) −3.1
(26.4)		 2.5
(36.5)		 10.0
(50.0)		 18.5
(65.3)		 24.8
(76.6)		 29.4
(84.9)		 31.1
(88.0)		 28.9
(84.0)		 23.8
(74.8)		 16.1
(61.0)		 6.2
(43.2)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 15.6
(60.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) −9.4
(15.1)		 −4.7
(23.5)		 2.9
(37.2)		 11.3
(52.3)		 17.8
(64.0)		 22.9
(73.2)		 24.8
(76.6)		 22.5
(72.5)		 16.7
(62.1)		 8.8
(47.8)		 0.2
(32.4)		 −7.1
(19.2)		 8.9
(48.0)
Average low °C (°F) −14.5
(5.9)		 −10.4
(13.3)		 −3.1
(26.4)		 4.3
(39.7)		 10.7
(51.3)		 16.2
(61.2)		 18.7
(65.7)		 16.7
(62.1)		 10.7
(51.3)		 3.1
(37.6)		 −4.3
(24.3)		 −11.6
(11.1)		 3.0
(37.5)
Record low °C (°F) −35.3
(−31.5)		 −32.4
(−26.3)		 −19.1
(−2.4)		 −10.3
(13.5)		 −3.1
(26.4)		 5.5
(41.9)		 9.0
(48.2)		 5.1
(41.2)		 −2.0
(28.4)		 −9.6
(14.7)		 −20.0
(−4.0)		 −27.0
(−16.6)		 −35.3
(−31.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0.8
(0.03)		 1.3
(0.05)		 3.5
(0.14)		 4.7
(0.19)		 14.4
(0.57)		 21.7
(0.85)		 28.4
(1.12)		 37.6
(1.48)		 23.3
(0.92)		 6.6
(0.26)		 2.5
(0.10)		 0.9
(0.04)		 145.7
(5.75)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 1.0 0.8 1.5 1.6 3.7 5.1 7.0 7.0 5.0 1.9 1.0 1.0 36.6
Average snowy days 2.0 1.4 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.2 1.7 8.4
Average relative humidity (%) 53 44 37 31 34 41 52 56 54 50 53 52 46
Mean monthly sunshine hours 213.8 218.0 259.0 279.9 313.5 306.6 304.5 291.6 260.3 261.5 217.1 201.7 3,127.5
Percent possible sunshine 71 72 69 70 70 68 67 69 71 77 74 70 71
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[3][4]
Source 2: Weather China[5]

Demographics

In 2000, there were 1,682,662 inhabitants:

Ethnic group no. of inhabitants share
Han 1,579,969 93.9%
Mongols 76,368 4.54%
Hui 19,835 1.18%
Manchu 4,231 0.25%
Tujia 560 0.03%
Tibetans 393 0.02%
Miao 224 0.01%
Koreans 211 0.01%
Yi 178 0.01%
Daur 166 0.01%
Other 527 0.03%

At the end of 2004, the population was at around 1,79 million inhabitants.

Administrative subdivisions

Bayannur is divided into one district, two counties and four banners:

Map
Name Mongolian Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Population (2010) Area (km2) Density (/km2)
Linhe District ᠯᠢᠨᠾᠧ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ
(Linhė toɣoriɣ)		 临河区 Línhé Qū 541,721 2,354 230
Wuyuan County ᠦᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Üyuvan siyan)		 五原县 Wǔyuán Xiàn 260,480 2,493 104
Dengkou County ᠳ᠋ᠧᠩᠺᠧᠦ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ
(Dėŋḵėü siyan)		 磴口县 Dèngkǒu Xiàn 117,091 4,167 28
Urad Front Banner
(Urad Omnod Banner)		 ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Urad-un Emünedü qosiɣu)		 乌拉特前旗 Wūlātè Qián Qí 293,269 7,476 39
Urad Middle Banner
(Urad Dundad Banner)		 ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Urad-un Dumdadu qosiɣu)		 乌拉特中旗 Wūlātè Zhōng Qí 134,204 22,606 6
Urad Rear Banner
(Urad Hoit Banner)		 ᠤᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Urad-un Qoyitu qosiɣu)		 乌拉特后旗 Wūlātè Hòu Qí 65,207 24,925 2
Hanggin Rear Banner
(Hanggin Hoit Banner)		 ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ
(Qaŋɣin Qoyitu qosiɣu)		 杭锦后旗 Hángjǐn Hòu Qí 257,943 1,767 145

Cuisine

Located in Hetao Plain, Bayannaoer is the largest agricultural hub in Inner Mongolia. Bayannaoer is famous for "Bameng braised dishes" (巴盟烩菜), meaning "braised dishes".

References
  1. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 46. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
  2. 2010年巴彦淖尔市第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 (in Chinese (China)). Bayannur People's Government. 16 May 2011. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
  3. 1991-2020 normals "Climate averages from 1991 to 2020". China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023.
  4. 1981-2010 extremes 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  5. 临河 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
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